[dehaKk; jPtputhjk; xd;Nw

jPtputhjk;> [dehak;.> ,tw;Wld; ,tw;Wf;F vjpuhd ,];yhk; vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPo; cq;fisr; re;jpg;gjw;Ff; fhuzk; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. cq;fs; iffspy; VNjDk; nra;jpg; gj;jphpf;if ,Uf;fpd;wjh? rw;W mjd; gf;fq;fisg; Gul;bg; ghUq;fs;. VjhtJ xU gf;fj;jpyhtJ ,e;j %d;W nrhy;yhl;rpfisAk; Fwpj;jnjhU jfty; ,y;yhky; ,Uf;fhJ.

,e;j thHj;ijfisf; Nfl;Lf; Nfl;L ,g;nghOJ me;j thHj;ijfisf; Nfl;lhy; ve;j mjpHr;rpAk; tUtjpy;iy. fhyg; Nghf;fpy; mit ekJ tho;tpy; xU mq;fk; vd;w mstpy; ek;ik mJ gf;Ftg;gLj;jp tpl;lJ> my;yJ kuj;J tpl;lJ vd;W jhd; mHj;jk;.

rhp..! ,e;j %d;W mk;rq;fs; Fwpj;Jk; tpsf;fk; vJTk; ,Uf;fpd;wjh? Mk;..! ,];yhk; vd;w nrhy;Yf;F fl;Lg;gLjy;> mikjp vd;w gy mHj;jq;fs; cz;L. gpd; vg;gb mjDld; NkYk; ,uz;L thHj;ijfis ,izf;f Kbfpd;wJ. ,izj;Jg; Ngr Kbfpd;wJ. Vd; me;j thHj;ijfSf;F GJ mHj;jk; vJTk; fz;L gpbj;jhfp tpl;ljh? my;yJ ,];yhk; vd;w gjj;jpw;Fk; me;jf; nfhs;ifiag; gpd;gw;Wfpd;wtHfSf;Fk; Kuz;ghLfs; kpifj;J tpl;ljh? vJ rhp..!

,njy;yhk; vq;fSf;F vjw;F vd;W Nrhk;gy; Kwpf;fpd;wPHfsh? KbahJ..! r%fg; nghWg;G vd;w xd;W midtUf;Fk; cz;L. Vnddpy; [dehafk;> jPtputhjk; vd;w nrhy;yhl;rpf;Fg; gpd;dhy; jhd; `pNuh\pkhtpy;> ehfrhfpapy; mZFz;Lfs; Nghlg;gl;ld. jPtputhjk;> [dehafk; vd;w nrhy;yhl;rpiag; gad;gLj;jpj;jhd; <uhf;fpd; kf;fs; mG+fpiug; rpj;utijf; $lj;jpy; myq;Nfhyg;gLj;jg;gl;ldH. jPtpthjk;> [dehafk; vd;w nrhy;yhl;rpiag; gad;gLj;jpj; jhd; Fthz;ldhNkhtpy; rpj;utijf; $z;LfSf;F cs;Ns kpUfq;fis tplTk; Nftykhf kdpjd; elj;jg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;whd;.

ehis ,Nj nrhy;yhl;rpiag; gad;gLj;jp cq;fisAk;> ePq;fs; ,y;iynad;why; cq;fsJ re;jjpapdiu ,Nj epiyf;F Mshf;fp tpl khl;lhHfs; vd;gJ vd;d epr;rak;. vdNt> ,e;j fl;Liuapd; gf;fk; cq;fsJ fz;fs; epiyFj;jp my;y> epjhdkhf rpe;jpj;J rpe;jpj;J eful;Lk;..! Muk;gk;..!

jPtputhjk;..! vd;why; vd;d? ,Jtiu ve;j murhtJ mJ gw;wpa tpsf;fj;ijf; nfhLj;Js;sjh? rhp..! F[uhj;..> rgHkjp vf;];gpu];..> rhp ,jw;F Nky; tpsf;fj; Njitapy;iy> fpl;lj;jl;l 2000 K];ypk;fs; gLnfhiy nra;ag;gl;lhHfs;. me;j gLnfhiyf;Ff; fhuzkhfr; nrhy;yg;gl;l 'rgHkjp vf;];gpui] ngl;Nuhy; Cw;wp K];ypk;fs; nfhSj;jpdhHfs;" vd;gij ,d;iwa tprhuizf; fkp\d;fs; kWf;fpd;wJ. Mdhy;> me;j [dehaf muR Kd;dpd;W elj;jpa me;j ,dg;gLnfhiyf;Fg; gpd;dH> NkYk; K];ypk;fs; ifJ nra;ag;gl;lhHfs;> ,d;Dk; jlh vd;w nfhLQ; rl;lj;jpd; fPo; ,d;Wk; nfhl;lbfspy; fplf;fpd;whHfs;. rhp..! mtHfs; jPtputhjpfs;.> mtHfs; nra;j jtW jhd; vd;d? jq;fsJ ,sty;fis> ngz;fis> Foe;ijfis> jha;khHfis> je;ijkhHfis> cw;whH cwtpdHfs; vd;W rq;f ghpthuf; Fk;gy;fspd; nfhiy ghjfr; nraYf;F ,iuahf;fpdhHfs;. mjdhy; mtHfs; kPJ jPtputhjg; gl;lk;. K];ypk;..! jPtputhjpfs;...

rhp..! rw;W ntspapy; tUNthk;..! <uhf;..! mtHfSk; jPtputhjpfs;..> vg;gb..? mq;Nf xU Ml;rpahsH> mtH jhd; rjhk; cNrd;..> mnkhpf;fhtpd; nrhy;Yf;F Ml kWj;jhH. vz;nza; tsq;fis mnkhpf;fhTf;Fj; jhiu thHg;gjw;Fg; gjpyhf jd;id tsg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;sg; ghHj;jhH> ,d;Dk; muGf;fspd; tsq;fis muGf;fs; jhd; mDgtpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;whH. ,];Nuy; vd;d tisFlhg; gFjpf;F vd;d jhjhth? vd;whH. gpbj;jJ rdpad;. jPtputhjpfSf;Fg; gapw;rp..> ,uhrad MAj cw;gj;jp vd;w gpur;rhuk;..! rhp..> NghH ele;jJ. jPtputhjpfisf; fhNzhk;> mtHfis tpl;lhfp tpl;lJ> ,urhad MAjj;ijAk; fhNzhk;..> <uhf;fpy; Eioe;jjw;fhd fhuzNk ,d;Dk; gpbgltpy;iy. rhp..> tpl;L tpl;Lg; Nghf Ntz;baJ jhNd..! mG+ fpiug;gpy; Vd; me;j rpj;utij..! mnkhpf;fg; gilfs; epue;jukhf ,Ug;gjw;fhd gilj;jsq;fs; fl;likf;fg;gLfpd;wd. fhuzk;> jPtputhjk;..> [dehaf tpNuhjk;..>

Af;iudpy; [dehak; vd;w NghHitapy; u\;ah xU mzpapYk;> Nkw;fj;jpa ehLfs; xU mzpapYk; xU ehl;bd; ,iwahz;ikia> kf;fis Jz;lhf;fp gz gyKk;> gil gyKk;> kPbah gyKk; nghUe;jpa Nkw;fj;jpa ehLfs; jdJ Mjpf;fj;jpy; vd;Wk; Nghy; jf;fitj;Jf; nfhz;lJ.

kw;nwhnkhW Af;jpahf> kf;fshy; ed;ik nra;thHfs; vd;w caHe;j Nehf;fpy; NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l Ml;rpahaHfs; jdJ Ra yhgj;jpw;fhf typikAs;stHfspd; mbtUbfshf ePjpiaAk;> jd;khdj;ijAk;> kf;fspd; ek;gpf;ifiaAk; mlF itj;J gyk; nghUe;jpatHfspd; fhtyhspfshf khw;wg;gLfpwhHfs;. Kuz;L gpbg;gtHfs; jz;bf;f itf;fg;gLfpwhHfs;.

rhp..! ekJ gf;fj;J ehL..> Neghsk;. kd;duhl;rp mwpKfk;. gj;jphpf;iffSf;F tha;g;G+l;L..! vd;d nra;a..> mnkhpf;fh kd;duhl;rpf;F kyHtisak; itf;fpd;wJ> etPd MAjq;fs; ,wf;Fkjpahfpd;wd. gq;fshNj\py; murpay; ];jpuj;jd;ikaw;w epiyik epyTfpd;wJ. kd;Nkhfd; rpq; Fjpf;fpd;whH. rhHf; khehl;Lf;F ehd; Nghf khl;Nld;. [dehafk; kyu Ntz;Lk;. ey;y fhuzk;> ey;y Nehf;fk; jhd;. vd;d nra;a nfhs;ifg; gpbg;G jsHfpd;wNj..? vt;thW..?

rw;W vl;l J}uj;jpy; gHkh..! ,uhZt Ml;rp..> [dehafj;jpw;Fg; NghuhLk; xU ngz;kzp> tPl;Lf; fhtypy;..> rhHf; khehl;Lf;Fg; Nghfhj kd;Nkhfd; rpq; d; mikr;rH> ,uhZt Ml;rp elf;Fk; gHkh tpw;F xg;ge;jk; Nghlg; Nghfpd;whH> Vd;..> gHkh> gq;fshNj\; topahf ,e;jpahTf;F vz;nza;f; Foha; gjpg;gjw;fhd xg;ge;jj;jpw;fhf..! Vd;..! mq;F tpisAk; Xgpak; vd;w fQ;rh jhd; ,d;iwf;F cyf ty;yurpd; csTj; Jiwf;Nf jPzp NghLtjhf NtW gpur;rhuk; me;j ehl;bNyNa ntFNtfkhf elf;fpd;wJ. mjd; Kd;dhs; jiytNu mjid xg;Gf; nfhz;Ls;shH. kdpj tpNuhj> rHthjpfhu ,uhZt Ml;rpAld; vg;gb xg;ge;jk; NghLfpd;Nwhk;. Mdhy; gf;fj;jpy; ghfp];jhdpy; kl;Lk; [dehafk; ,d;Dk; kyutpy;iy vd;W jpdk; miug;gf;fj;Jf;F nra;jp thrpf;fpd;Nwhk;..> Kuz;ghLfs;..!

rhp..> kf;fshy; NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l ntdp#yh mjpgH mt;tg;nghOJ mnkhpf;fhtpd; mr;RWj;jYf;F Mshf;fg;gLfpd;whH. mtiuf; ftpo;g;gjw;fhd mj;jid Kaw;rpfSk; nra;ag;gLfpd;wd. rhp..! fpA+gh.. gpluy; fh];l;Nuh..> mtiuAk; kf;fs; Nerpf;fpd;whHfs;. ,Ue;Jk; vd;d? ehd; Nerpf;ftpy;iyNa..! vd;fpwhH G\;..! gpd;Nd vd;d mq;Fk; jPtputhjj;jpw;F gapw;rp..> MAj rg;is..!

rhp..> ,g;gbNa Ngha;..> ,g;nghOJ <uhd;> rphpah mLj;j ,yf;fhf Fwp itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mnkhpf;fhtpd; Mspy;yhj tpkhdk; <uhdpd; kPJ gwe;J nfhz;L vq;Nf Mjhuk; fpl;ljh vd;W miyfpd;wJ. me;epa ehl;bd; thd; vy;iy kPwg;gLfpd;wJ. me;epa ehl;bd; ,iwahz;ik J}f;fp vwpg;gLfpd;wJ.

Mf> ehk; jPtputhjk; vd;w nrhy;Yf;F mHj;jk; Njbdhy; vq;nfq;Nfh miyfpd;wPHfNs vd;W Nfl;fpd;wPHfsh..?!

NkNy cs;s Mjhuq;fspd; kPJ rw;W ftdj;ijj; jpUg;gpdhy;> mjpfhuj; NjhuizAld; Ml;rpapy; tPw;wpUf;Fk;..> RUq;fr; nrhd;dhy; ehl;bd; caHme;j];jpy; ,Ue;J nfhz;L jb vLj;jhy; mJ epHthf Af;jp> murpay; rhzf;fpak;. mNjNeuj;jpy; mjpfhuk; ,y;yhj..> Vd;..> jdpegH MAjk; vLj;jhy; jhd; vd;wpy;iy..> tPl;by; ML mWf;f fj;jp itj;jpUe;jhYk; mJ jPtputhjk;.

gf;fj;J ehl;bd; kPJ Nghl;Lj; jhf;f xU ehL mZMAjk; jahhpj;jhy; mJ uh[ je;jpuk;..> Mdhy; jdpkdpjd; ntbf;fhj gl;lhir ifapy; itj;jpUe;jhy; mJ jPtputhjk;. ,g;nghOJ Ghpfpd;wjh..> Ml;rp> mjpfhuk;> Mfpa midj;ijAk; xUq;fpizj;Jf; nfhz;L xU r%fj;jpd; kPJ muh[fk; fl;ltpo;j;J tplg;gLk;. Mdhy;> me;j r%fk; ve;jtpj czHr;rpiaNah vjidAk; mJ ntspf;fhl;lf; $lhJ. GOg; G+r;rpia Fr;rpahy; epkpz;bdhy; $l rw;W mJ czH;r;rpiaf; fhl;Lk;> Mdhy;..> kdpjd;..> fhl;lf; $lhJ. mjpYk; K];ypk; fhl;lNt $lhJ.

Mg;fhdpy;> ghy];jPdpy;> <uhf;fpy;> nrrd;ahtpy;..> fh\;kPhpy;..> jha;yhe;J> vd;W ePq;fs; vq;F jpUk;gpdhYk; K];ypk;fs; kPJ nrhy;nyhz;zh gLnfhiyfs; fl;ltpo;j;J tplg;gl;l NghjpYk;> me;j r%fk; czHr;rpaw;w [lkhf cyh tu Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ tpghPjkhdnjhU vjpHghHg;G..

mLj;jJ [dehafk;..! ek; ehl;by; ,Jtiu ele;j NjHjy;fisf; fUj;jpy; nfhz;lhy;> fpl;lj;jl;l 60 rjtPjj;jpw;F Nky; vq;Fk; Xl;L gjpthdJ fpilahJ. Mf> 40 rjtPjk; NgHfs; NjHjy;Kiwia tpl;Nl tpyfp epw;fpd;whHfs;. kPjp 60 rjtPjk; NgHfs; jq;fSf;Fg; gpbj;j Ntl;ghsiuj; NjHT nra;fpd;whHfs;. Fiwe;jJ %d;W fl;rpfs; vd;W fzf;fpy; vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhy;> ruhrhpahf xU fl;rpf;F 20 rjtPj Xl;L vd;why;> ntw;wp ngWk; Ntl;ghsUf;F Xl;lspj;jtHfs; 20 rjtPjk; vd;whfpd;wJ. Mf> [dehafk; vd;gJ 80 rjtPjk; NgH ntWg;gpy; 20 rjtPjk; Nghpd; tpUg;gk; epiwNtWfpd;wJ. ,J vd;d [dehafk;..! ,J [dehafk; vd;why;> Kuz;ghLfs; jhd; Kjyhf mikAk;. Vnddpy;> mWjpg; ngUk;ghd;ikNahL ntw;wp ngw;Nwhk; vd;W ntw;wp ngw;wtHfs; mwptpg;gJ vd;gJ> mWjpg; ngUk;ghd;ikapd; ntWg;gpy; ntw;wp ngw;wpUf;fpd;Nwhk; vd;W jhd; mHj;jkhfpd;wJ.

,J kf;fshy; kf;fSf;fhf NjHT nra;ag;gLk; jiyik. jiyikfs; vd;d MNuhf;fpakhfth ,Uf;fpd;wJ. ehlhSkd;wj;jpYk;> rl;lkd;wq;fspYk; gjtp tfpg;gtHfSf;F Fiwe;j gl;r jFjp vd;dntd;why;> mtH kPJ VjhtJ xU tifapyhtJ fphpkpdy; tof;F gjpthfp ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ fl;lhakhfp tpl;lJ. rl;lj;jpw;Ff; fl;Lg;gl kWf;Fk; gg;G ahjt;> cs;@H rpiwapypUe;J jp`hH n[apYf;F khw;wk;..> ,tH xU fl;rpapd; vk;.gp. vd;d nra;a ,e;jpa [dehak;..> [dehaf ehL. kf;fspd; jiytH rl;lj;jpw;Ff; fl;Lg;gl kWj;jhy;> kf;fis vg;gbf; fl;Lg;gl itg;gJ..>!

rkPgj;jpy; gPfhhpy; NjHjy;fs; ele;jd. <uhf; NjHjiy tpl mjpf td;Kiw ,Uf;Fk; vd;W gj;jphpf;iffs; gf;fk; gf;fkhf> Vd; fhHl;^d;fs; $l tiue;jd. ,J [dehak;..!

rhp..! [dehafg;gb NjHT nra;ag;gl;l muRfs;> ehLfs; re;jpj;j gpur;idfs; vd;d?..! [dehafk; ,y;iy> kf;fs; mtjpg;gLfpd;whHfs;> mtHfSf;F Rthrj;ij kPl;Lj; jug; Nghfpd;Nwhk; vd;whHfs;. Mg;fhdpy; NjHjy; ele;jd. thf;Fg; ngl;bfs; ghf;fp];jhdpy; ,Ue;J> thf;Fr; rPl;Lfs; Kj;jpiuaplg;gl;lgb Mg;fhd; te;J NrHe;jd. vd;d Mr;rhpak;..! [dehafj; NjHjypy; fHrha; ntw;wp ngw;W tpl;lhH. kpf ePz;l ehl;fs; fopj;J <uhf;fpy; [dehaf mbg;gilapy; NjHjy;. Ntl;ghsNu Kd; te;J ehd; NjHjypy; epw;ftpy;iy vd;W mwptpj;j mjprak; mq;F epfo;e;jJ. rhp..> kw;w ehLfshf ,Ue;jhy; mq;F rHtNjr ghHitahsHfs; Kd;dpiyapy; NjHjy; elf;Fk;. fz;fhzpg;G ,Uf;Fk;. Mdhy;> <uhf;fpy; mtHfSf;F mDkjp ,y;iy. mjpfk; Ngrpa my; []Puh njhiyf;fhl;rp epiyak; G+l;lg;gl;lJ> Vd;..? epUgHfSk; $l epue;jukhf cyfj;ij tpl;Nl mDg;gg;gl;L tpl;lhHfs;. fhuzk;..> mq;F [dehafk; ,y;iy.

Vd; ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;F Kd;dhy; n[Hkdpapy; ele;j NjHjypy; `pl;yH mhpjg; ngUk;ghd;ikapy; ntw;wp ngw;whH. mJNt ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;F toptFj;j fhuzpfspy; xd;whfTk; mike;jJ. Vd;..> [dehafk;..> vq;fs; ghi\apy; [dehafk; vd;why;..> vq;fsJ eyd;> mnkhpf;fhtpd; eyd;> A+jHfspd; eyd;> gphpl;b\; rhk;uh[;aj;jpd; eyd;..> ,JNt ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;fhd tpij. n[Hkd; kf;fs; `pl;yiu tpUk;gpdhy; vd;d> ehq;fs; mtiu tpUk;gtpy;iyNa..!

,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghhpd; Muk;gk; mJ. ,e;j tuyhW mnkhpf;f> gphpl;b\;> A+j mbtUbfspdhy; vOjg;gl;l tuyhwy;y. cz;ik tuyhW. Nghye;J ehl;by; Muk;gpj;j Nghhpd; Muk;gkhdJ> VNjh jhHkPff; fhuzj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;ljy;y> khwhf mJ xU Ra Nehf;fj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L jpl;lkplNyhL Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. Nghye;jpd; kPJ n[Hkdp NghH njhLg;gjw;F Kd;ghf Nghye;jpd; ,uhZtkhdJ nrf;Nfh];Nyhthfpahitj; jhf;fpaJ. `pl;yNuhL Nghye;J ehl;ltHfs; ey;ynjhU njhlHNghLk;> cwNthLk; jhd; mg;nghOJ tiu ,Ue;jhHfs;.

,e;j Neuj;jpy; `pl;yhpd; jiyikapyhd n[Hkdp kj;jpa INuhg;gpa tzpf ikaj;jpy; mirf;f Kbahj rf;jpahf cUntLf;fpd;wJ. INuhg;gpa khHf;nfl;by; n[Hkdpapd; if Xq;fp tUtij gphpl;ld;> mnkhpf;fh kw;Wk; A+j tzpf epWtdq;fs; Kw;wpYk; tpUk;gtpy;iy. cyfpNyNa Kjy; r%fg; ghJfhg;G jpl;lj;ijAk;> mj;Jld; n[Hkdp ehl;ltHfs; midtUf;F ,ytr kUj;Jt trjpiaAk; `pl;yhpd; muR mwptpf;fpd;wJ. ,e;j epiyapy;> epA+ahHf;> yz;ld; efuq;fisj; jiyikaplkhff; nfhz;L ,aq;ff; $ba A+j tpahghuf; fk;ngdpfs; ntspg;gilahfNt `pl;yhpd; muRf;F vjpuhfg; NghHg; gpufldk; vd;W nra;jpj; jhs;fspy; mwptpg;Gr; nra;fpd;wd. ,J ele;jJ 1933 y;> ,jw;Fg; gpd;dH n[Hkdpapy; eilngw;w [dehaf mbg;gilapyhd NjHjypy; `pl;yH tuyhW fhzhj ntw;wpiag; ngWfpd;whH. ,jid mLj;J ghhp]; y; ,Ue;J ntspte;j A+jg; gj;jphpf;if xd;W (Le Droit de vivre) ,t;thW jiyaq;fk; vOjpaJ> ''`pl;yH Nghiu tpUk;gtpy;iy> Mdhy; mtH kPJ ehq;fs; Nghiuj; jpzpg;Nghk;"" vd;wJ.

me;j Neuj;jpy; gphpl;b\; Kbahl;rpahdJ fpl;lj;jl;l 500 kpy;ypad; Mrpa kf;fisAk;> Mg;hpf;fHfisAk; jq;fsJ fl;Lg;ghl;bd; fPo; itj;jpUe;jJ. `pl;yhpd; [dehaf mbg;gilapyhd NjHjyhdJ jq;fsJ fl;Lg;ghl;bd; fPo; ,Uf;Fk; Vida ehLfSf;Fk; gutpdhy; vd;d MtJ vd;W gphpl;b\; muR Nahrpf;f Muk;gpj;jJ. `pl;yhpd; %isapy; cjpj;j %d;whtJ nua;f; vd;w jpl;lj;ij ehrkhf;FtJ vd;W KbntLj;jJ gphpl;b\; muR.

mwptpay; kw;Wk; njhopy;El;gj; Jiwapy; Vida INuhg;gpa ehLfisAk;> ,d;Dk; mnkhpf;fhitAk; tpl ntF Ntfkhf Kd;Ndwp ,Ue;jJ n[Hkdp. ,d;Dk; n[Hkdpapd; mjpf kf;fs; njhif tsHr;rpahdJ> INuhg;gpa ehLfspNyNa mjpf kdpj tsj;ijf; nfhz;l ehlhfTk; mJ jpfo;e;jJ. tpd;j;;Nuhg; My;l;hpf; vd;w N[]; Ne\dy; Ngq;f; d; n[duy; iluf;lH vd;gtH ,t;thW jdJ fUj;ijg; gjpT nra;jpUf;fpd;whH> mjhtJ ''gphpl;b\; muR cUthf;Fk; murpay; #o;epiyfs; `pl;yiu MAjj;ijj; J}f;f itf;Fk;"" vd;whH. Nghye;J ehl;ltHfs; n[HkdpAld; mikjpahf ,Uf;fNt tpUk;gpdhHfs;. ,d;Dk; `pl;yUld; ,zf;fkhf ,Ug;gjd; %yk;> Nrhtpaj; murhl;rpapd; nghOJ jhq;fs; ,oe;j gFjpfis kPl;nlLf;f KbAk; vd;Wk; mtHfs; ek;gpdhHfs;. ,d;Dk; mikjp eltbf;iffSf;Fj; Njhjhf gy tzpf trjpfis Vw;gLj;jpj; juTk; n[Hkdp ,zf;fk; njhptpj;jpUe;jJ. lhd;rpf; JiwKfg; gpur;idia Ngr;RthHj;ij %yk; jPHj;Jf; nfhs;tJ> JiwKfj;ij Nghye;Jk; n[HkdpAk; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;tJ vd;gJ Nghd;w jpl;;lq;fis `pl;yH Nghye;J murpd; Kd; itj;jhH. ,Ue;Jk; vd;d nra;a gpuhd;]{k;> gphpl;;lDk; gpd;Df;F epw;Fk; vd;W ek;gp Nghye;J Vkhe;jJ.

mjdhy; Nghye;J muR JiwKfj;ij cq;fSf;F ehq;fs; je;J tpl;lhy;> vq;fsJ nghUshjhuk; Klq;fp tpLk; vd;W mjw;F ,zq;f kWj;jJ. `q;Nfhp> Rtpl;rHyhe;J kw;Wk; nrf;Nfh];Nyhtpfpah Nghd;w mz;il ehLfs; JiwKfk; ,y;yhkNyNa gzf;fhu ehLfshf cs;sd. vq;fSf;F mJTk; Ngha; tpl;lhy; epiyik Nkhrkhfp tpLk; vd;W $wpdhH. ,e;jg; Ngr;RthHj;ijf;fhd Kd;nkhopTfs; ele;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; NghNj> Nghye;J jd;Dila gilfis n[Hkdpf;F vjpuhfj; jpul;l Muk;gpj;jJ. ,d;Dk; ,uz;L ehLfSk; ve;jtpj Mf;fpukpg;G eltbf;iffspYk; 25 tUlj;jpw;F <Lglf; $lhJ vd;w xg;ge;jj;ijAk; kPwp Nghye;J n[Hkdpf;F vjpuhf NghH mr;RWj;jy; eltbf;iffspy; ,wq;fpaJ. Nghye;jpd; ntspAwT mikr;rH Nfhy; ngf; ve;jtpj Ngr;RthHj;ijf;Fk; jahuhf ,y;iy. `pl;yNuh Ngr;RthHj;ijf;F typAWj;jpf; nfhz;bUe;jhH. lhd;]pf; JiwKfj;ij tpLtpg;gJ> xU tUlj;jpw;Fs; rHtNjr fz;fhzpg;gpd; fPo; mq;F NjHjiy elj;JtJ> NjHjYf;Fg; gpd; rpW kf;fs; FOit ,U jug;gpYk; ghpkhw;wk; nra;J nfhs;tJ> n[Hkdpf;F vjpuhd gpur;rhuj;ij Nghye;J gj;jphpf;iffs; epWj;jpf; nfhs;tJ Nghd;w Nfhhpf;iffis Kd;itj;Jg; NgRNthk; vd;whH `pl;yH. Mdhy; Nghye;J mjid epuhfhpj;jJ. ,e;j epiyapy; Mf];L 1939 y; 76>535 n[HkdpaHfs; Nghye;ij tpl;Lk; ntspNawpdH. mtHfspy; xU,dj;jhuhd Nthy;f;];bA+l;]; vd;gtHfs; 4000 NgH nfhy;yg;gl;ldH. rpyH rpj;utijfs; nra;ag;gl;L mq;ffPdg;gLj;jg;gl;ldH. fpl;lj;jl;l 12>500 n[HkdpaHfs; Nghye;jpy; ,dr; Rj;jpfhpg;G nra;ag;gl;ldH. mg;nghOJ> Mf];L 30> 1939 y; gphpl;lidr; NrHe;j `hypNgf;]; vd;w gpuG xUtH> n[Hkdpa rpWghd;ikapdiu ,dr;Rj;jpfhpg;G nra;tij epWj;JkhW Nghye;ijf; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;lhH. Nghye;jpd; cs;tptfhuj;jpy; jiyaplhky; xJq;fpf; nfhs;SkhW mtiu vr;rhpj;jhH Nghye;jpd; ntspAwTj; Jiw mikr;rH Nfhy; ngf;. Nghye;J muNr Kd;dpd;W ek;%H Nkhb Ntiy ghHj;jpUf;fpd;wJ. ,Ue;Jk; vd;d..> muNr Kd;dpd;W nra;tjhy; mJ jPtputhjky;y.

vy;iyfspy; ele;j gy;NtW mj;JkPwy;fs;> Nghye;jpy; eilngw;w n[Hkdpa rpWghd;ikapdUf;F vjpuhd eltbf;iffs;> kw;Wk; n[Hkdpapy; Nghye;J ehl;ltHfSf;F vjpuhd eltbf;iffs; vd;W ,Ugf;fKk; tpghPjkq;fs; mjpfhpj;jd. n[Hkdpf;Fk;> ];lhypd; Nrhtpaj; u\;ahTf;Fk; ,ilNa Mf;fpug;gpy; <LgLtjpy;iy vd;gjw;fhd xg;ge;jq;fs; Mf];L 23> 1939 y; ifnaOj;jhdjd; gpd;Gk;> ];;lhypDila kiwKf <Lghl;by; %yk; jhd; ,uz;lhk; cyf Aj;jk; ntbj;jJ. me;j xg;ge;jKk; $l Nghye;jpd; kPJ ,uz;L NgUk; elj;jtpUf;Fk; Mf;fpukpg;Gf;F vjpuhf ,UtUk; Fuy; nfhLf;ff; $lhJ vd;w $l;Lj;jpUl;L xg;ge;jkhfNt ,d;wsTk; rpj;jhpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

,e;j ,ilg;gl;l ehl;fspy; Nghye;J 18 rjtPj kf;fisAk;> n[Hkdp 7.4 rjtPj kf;fisAk;> u\;ah 12 rjtPj kf;fisAk; ,oe;jJ. nrg;lk;ghpy; ele;j NghH kpjkhd mstpy; ele;jhYk; Nghye;J fLikahfg; ghjpf;fg;gl;lJ. Nghye;J ,uhZtkhdJ mjd; NerehLfspd; cjtpapd;wp> mjhtJ gphpl;ld; kw;Wk; gpuhd;]; d; cjtpapd;wp jdpikg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. mjid %d;W gf;fKk; n[Hkd; ,uhZtk; Rw;wp tisj;Jf; nfhz;lJ.

n[Hkdpf;F vjpuhf Nghye;J ,uhZtk; cf;fpukhfg; Nghhpl;lhYk;> n[Hkdpapd; njhopy; El;gj;jpw;F Kd;dhy; Nghye;J nrayw;wjhfp tpl;lJ. NghUf;Fg; gpd;dhy; Nghye;ij n[HkdpAk;> u\;ahTk; Mf;fpukpj;Jf; nfhz;ld.

,e;jg; Nghhpd; nghOJ Nrhtpaj; u\;ahtpd; (NKVD) rpwg;G mjpubg;gilahdJ Nghye;J ,uhZt mjpfhhpfs; 4500 Ngiuf; nfhd;W Gijj;jJ. ,J muNr Kd;dpd;W elj;jpa Nkhb Ntiy. vd;d nra;a..> muNr Kd;dpd;W nra;tjhy; ,J jPtputhjky;y?! ,tHfspy; fy;tpahsHfs;> kUj;JtHfs; Nghd;wtHfSk; mlq;FtH.

,e;jr; rk;gtj;ij mnkhpf;f kw;Wk; gphpl;b\; csTj; Jiwfs; ed;F mwpe;Nj ,Ue;jd. ,Ug;gpDk;> ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;Fg; gpd;dH> Nrhtpaj;> A+j> mnkhpf;f kw;Wk; gphpl;b\; tof;fwpQHfs; Kd;dpiyapy; tprhuizf;F te;j ,e;j tof;fpy; n[Hkdp jhd; ,e;jg; gLnfhiyfSf;Ff; fhuzk; vd;W jpl;lkpl;l tifapy; Fw;wk; Rkj;jg;gl;L> 17 mg;ghtp n[Hkd; mjpfhhpfSf;F kuz jz;lid toq;fpdhHfs;. Nrhtpaj; d; fLikahd gpur;rhu Af;jp %yk; ,e;jg; gLnfhiyiar; nra;jJ> n[Hkdpapd; eh[pfs; jhd; vd;whdJ. fle;j 1990 y; NfhHgr;NrTk;> Kd;dhy; Nghye;jpd; rHthjpfhhpahfTk; jpfo;e;j n[duy; lgps;A+ [hUn]y;];fp vd;gtUk; ,ize;J ntspapl;lnjhU mwpf;ifapy;> ,e;jg; gLnfhiyfisr; nra;jJ> ];lhypdpd; jiyikapy; ,aq;fpa NKVD gilfs; jhd; vd;W $wpaJ epidT $wj;jf;fJ.

nrg;lk;gH 1939 y; Nghye;Jf;F vjpuhd Nghhpy; n[Hkdp ntw;wp ngw;wJ. ,e;jg; Nghiug; gw;wp n[Hkd; mjpfhhpfs; $Wk; nghOJ> Foe;ijapd; njhz;ilia mWg;gij tpl kpf vspjhfNt ,Ue;jJ> Nghye;jpd; kPjhd ntw;wp vd;wdH. ,Ug;gpDk;> n[Hkd; gilfSf;F vjpuhf Nghye;J ,uhZtk; fhl;ba tPuj;ij `pl;yH kpfTk; Gfo;e;Jiuj;jhH. ifjpfshfg; gpbgl;ltHfis `pl;yH ey;yKiwapy; elj;jpdhH. n[dpth xg;ge;jq;fis kjpj;J ele;jhH.

Nghye;jpd; jiyefH thH]h ifg;gw;wg;gl;lhYk;> mJNt kpfg; ngUk; jiytypahf cUntLj;jJ. xt;nthU efuKk; Kw;Wifj;jskhf khwpaJ. xt;nthU njUTk; kp\pd;fd; Jg;ghf;fpapd; Kidapy; fhty; fhf;fg;gl;lJ. efuj;ij tpl;L ngz;fSk;> Foe;ijfSk; ntspNaWtjw;fhf Ntz;b> NghH epWj;jj;ij mwptpj;jhH `pl;yH. ,d;iwa G\;\{k; ,ijNa gy;Y}[htpy; nra;jhH. nkhj;j /gy;Y[htpd; kf;fSk; efuj;ij tpl;Lk; ntspNaw;wg;gl;ldH. mfjp Kfhkpy; itf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wdH. vQ;rpNahH Rl;Lf; nfhy;yg;gl;L> mtHfsJ gpzk; njUtpy; eha;fSf;F ,iuahdJ. muNr Kd;dpd;W elj;jpa jPtptuhjk;..?

Nghye;J ,uhZt mjpfhhp mt;thW kf;fs; ntspNaw Ntz;lhk; vd;W kf;fisf; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;lhH. fhyf;nfLit ePl;bj;Jg; ghHj;jhH `pl;yH. ,d;Dk; nghJkf;fspd; kPJ jhf;Fjy; elj;jhky; kpfTk; ftdj;Jld; ele;J nfhs;SkhW jd;Dila midj;Jg; gilg;gphpTfSf;Fk; cj;jutpl;lhH `pl;yH. ,d;Dk; Foe;ijfs;> tajhdtHfs;> ngz;fs; MfpNahHfis ghJfhg;ghd fpuhkg; gFjpfspd; gf;fk; nrd;W tpLtkhW Nfl;Lf; nfhz;lhH. jiyefH thH]htpy; ,Ue;j Nghye;jpd; [dhjpgjp mjw;F ,zf;fk; njhptpf;ftpy;iy> cld;gl kWj;jhH. mLj;jhf ntspehLfisr; NrHe;j J}juf mjpfhhpfs;> mtHfsJ FLk;gj;jtHfs; thH]h efuj;ij tpl;Lk; fhyp nra;J tpLk;gb NfhhpdhH. mf;NlhgH 6 y;> f;Nuhy; xnguh `T]; y; `pl;yH epfo;j;jpa ePz;lnjhU ciuapy;> jhd; kpfTk; eLepiyNahL nray;gl tpUk;GtjhfTk;> Nghye;J mjidg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; typAWj;jpf; $wpdhH. kPz;Lk; mtH el;Gwit Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;SKfkhf kPz;Lk; ,d;ndhU xg;ge;jj;ij nra;J nfhs;Nthk; vd;W Nghye;ij mioj;jhH. Mdhy; mtHfs; mjidj; js;Sgb nra;J tpl;;ldH.

n[Hkdpf;F cs;s xU jiytyp vd;dntd;why; Nghye;jpy; eh[p rhHG Ml;rpia epWt ,aytpy;iy vd;gNjahFk;. Nghye;jpy; ,aq;fp te;j midj;J murpay; ,af;fq;fSk; jpiukiwT ,af;fq;fshf khwpg; NghdJ. tyJ rhhpfSk;> A+jHfSk;> fk;A+dp];LfSk; jPtputhj ,af;fq;fisj; Njhw;Wtpj;J> n[Hkdp tPuHfisf; nfhiy nra;J te;jdH. ,uapy;fis ntbFz;L itj;Jj; jfHj;jdH. tq;fpfisf; nfhs;isabj;jdH> epH%ykhf;fpdH> czT tpLjpfspYk; ntbFz;Lfis tPrpdH. nfhhpy;yh Aj;jkhdJ Nghye;jpw;Fs; jiytphpj;jhl Muk;gpj;jJ. `pl;yhpd; thHj;ijfspy; nrhy;y Ntz;Lnkd;why;> 1598 ypUe;J 1939 tiuf;Fk; mtHfsplk; (Nghye;J kf;fs;) ve;j khw;wKkpy;iy"" vd;whH. Nghye;J nfhpy;yhf;fs; ,Uk;Gf; fuk; nfhz;L mlf;fg;gl;ldH. xU n[Hkdpad; nfhy;yg;gl;lhy; 10 Nghye;J ehl;ltHfs; nfhy;yg;gl;lhHfs;. ,Ug;gpDk;> nfhpy;yh Aj;jk; epd;wghby;iy> gpur;id mjpfhpf;f mjpfhpf;f `pl;yhpd; mlf;FKiwAk; mjpfhpf;f Muk;gpj;jJ. `pl;yH ,d;wpUe;jhy; Nghye;jpd; nfhpy;yhg; Nghuhspfis xopj;Jf; fl;lg;gl Ntz;ba jPtputhjpfs; vd;W mwpf;if tpl;bUg;ghH. G\;i\g; NghyNt..! mur jPtputhjk;..!

nrg;lk;ghpy; ele;j Aj;jj;jpy; 10>572 n[HkdpaHfs; nfhy;yg;gl;ldH> 3>322 NgH fhakile;jdH> 3>404 Ngiuf; fhztpy;iy. Nghye;J d; gf;fNkh ,og;G ,jidtplg; gj;J klq;F mjpfkhf ,Ue;jJ. ,d;iwf;F <uhf;fpy; ele;J nfhz;bUg;gJ Nghy..> vj;jid mnkhpf;f tPuHfspd; cly;fs; mDg;gg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;jhYk; ftiyapy;iy> G\;\pd; vz;nza;f; fk;ngdpf;F vz;nza; fpilj;jhy; rhp..!

,jpy; rpwg;G mk;rk; vd;dntd;why;> Nghye;jpy; tho;e;j rpWghd;ik K];ypk;fs; xd;wpize;J jha;ehl;ilf; fhf;f> 13 tJ tpy;dpa]; Nfty;hp nu[pkz;by; K];ypk; gphpT xd;W Kjd; Kjyhf cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. ,t;thW mikf;fg;gl;l me;j Fjpiug;gilg; gphpTf;F myp n[y;[h]ptpf;]; vd;gtH jiyik jhq;fpdhH> ,e;jg; gil kpfTk; tPuj;Jld; Nghhpl;lJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. Nghye;Jf;F vjpuhd Nghhpy; n[Hkdp ntw;wp ngw;wTld;> ,e;jg; gilahdJ cs;ehl;Lg; gilAld; ,ize;J jpiukiwT Aj;jj;jpy; fye;J nfhz;lJ. ,d;Dk; K];ypk; ypA+l;bndd;l; fNyhdy; xUtUk;> 1948 tiuf;Fk; Nghknudpah tpy; u\;ahtpw;F vjpuhf ele;j Aj;jj;jpy; fye;J nfhz;lhH.

NkNy cs;s tuyhw;Wr; rk;gtj;ij ,d;iwa mnkhpf;fhtpd; mlhtbj; jdq;fNshL rw;W xg;gPL nra;J ghHg;gJ ey;yJ.

,uz;lhk; cyfg; Nghhpd; Muk;gk;> n[Hkdp vd;w ty;yuir rfpf;f ,ayhj mnkhpf;f> gphpl;b\; kw;Wk; A+j gzf;fhu tpahghhpfspd; ntWg;GzHT jhd; vd;why; mJ kpifapy;iy. vdNt jhd; mtHfs; `pl;yNu ntWj;jhYk; $l mtH kPJ Nghiuj; jpzpg;gJ vd;W KbntLj;jdH. mjw;F A+jHfsJ iffspy; ,Ue;j gj;jphpf;iffs; J}gk; Nghl;ld. Nghye;jpw;F gy;NtW rYiffis mspf;f tpUk;gpa NghJk; $l> Nghye;J ve;jtpj Ngr;RthHj;ijfSf;Fk; fl;Lg;gltpy;iy. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;F `pl;yH kl;Lk; fhuzky;y> khwhf Nrhtpaj; d; rHthjpfhhpahd ];lhypDk; $l fhuzHj;jhthfNt ,Ue;jhH. ,d;Dk; njhopy;Kiwg; Nghl;bahsuhf n[Hkdpia thpj;njLj;Jf; nfhz;l A+jHfSk;> mtHfSld; ,ize;J nfhz;l mnkhpf;fHfSk; fhuzfHj;jhf;fshtH. ,d;Dk; Mg;hpf;fhtpypUe;J Mrpah tiuf;Fk; gutpapUe;j rhk;uh[;ak; vq;Nf m];jkpj;J tpLNkh vd;W gae;j gphpl;lDk; ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;Ff; fhuzkhFk;.

Mf> cyfj;ij eLeLq;f itj;j Nfhbf;fzf;fhd kf;fisg; gop vLj;j ,uz;lhk; cyf kfh Aj;jj;ij ahH Muk;gpj;J itj;jJ vd;why;> [dehafk; vd;w ngahpYk;> fk;A+dp]k; vd;w ngahpYk;> Kjyhspj;Jtk; vd;w ngahpYk;> tpahghuk; vd;w NghHitapYk;> gh]p]k;> eh[p]k; vd;w ngahpYk; ,e;j cyfj;ijAk;> ,e;j cyfj;jpy; cs;s kf;fisAk; jq;fsJ ifg; gpbf;Fs; Nghl;Lf; nfhs;s Kad;w Mjpf;fthjpfs; jhd;.

,tHfs; jhd; ,d;wsTk; cyfj;jpd; mj;jidg; gpur;idfSf;Fk; fhuzfHj;jhf;fshf ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;. vz;nza; Kjyhspfspd; tpahghug; gutYf;F xj;Jg; Nghf kwj;j jhypghd;fs; jPtputhjpfshf;fg;gl;lhHfs;. tisFlhtpy; vLf;fg;gLk; vz;nza; muGf;fSf;F chpaJ> me;epa rf;jpfSf;F vd;d Ntiy vd;W Nfl;l rjhk; jPtputhjpahf;fg;gl;lhH. me;j vz;nza; Kjyhspfspd; FOkj;jpy; cs;stHfspy; Kf;fpakhdtH mg;gd; G\;.

md;iwa jpdk; Nrhtpaj; fk;A+dp]j;jpw;F vjpuhd nfhs;ifahf ,];yhk; kj;jpa Mrpahtpy; fUjg;gl;ljd; tpisT..> irgPhpahtpy; cs;s kuz Kfhk;fspy; Mapuf;fzf;fhd K];ypk;fs; gLnfhiy nra;ag;gl;ldH. `pl;yhpd; Ml;rpg; gutYf;Fk;> mtuJ %d;whtJ nua;f; vd;w nfhs;ifg; gutYf;Fk; Vida INuhg;gpa ehLfs; jilahf ,Ue;jd. ,d;Dk; n[Hkdpia kpfg; nghpa tsHr;rpaile;j ehlhf;f mtH Kad;wjd; tpisT> vjphpfisr; rk;ghjpj;Jf; nfhz;lhH. `pl;yhpd; vjphpfis cRg;gp tpl;L mjd; %yk; jq;fsJ ,];Nuy; vd;w fs;sf; Foe;ijiag; ngw;nwLj;Jf; nfhs;s jPl;ba rjpj; jpl;lj;jpd; xU gFjpNa> `pl;yhpd; A+j ntWg;GzHtpy; tpise;jJ A+j ,dr; Rj;jpfhpg;G.

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mJ jhd; kpfg; nghpa #l;Rkk;. ve;jf; nfhs;ifiaAk; cWjpNahL vjpHf;Fk; cs typik mjdplk; cz;L. vdNt> vg;nghOJ ve;jf; nfhs;if mhpaiz VwpdhYk; mjd; mlf;FKiwf;F Kjy; vjpHg;G K];ypk;fsplj;jpypUe;J jhd; tUk;. mjid ,];yhk; vd;w nfhs;if mtHfSf;F toq;fpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; vd;w cz;ik K];ypk;fs; mwpe;jpUf;fpd;whHfNsh ,y;iyNah> ,e;j Vfhjpgj;jpaj; jPtputhjpfs; mwpe;Nj itj;jpUf;fpd;whHfs;.

,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghH..> elg;gjw;F Kd;dhs;..> mg;nghOJ jhd; mnkhpf;fh tsHe;J nfhz;bUe;jJ. gphpl;ld;..> mJ KJnfYk;G rw;W tise;jpUe;jJ..> nghUshjhuk; mjsghjhsj;ij Nehf;fpr; nrd;W nfhz;bUe;jJ. gpuhd;];.. `pl;yhplk; ruzile;Nj tpl;lJ. M];jphpah> nrf;Nfh];Nyhthfpah> Nghye;J> fphP]; Mfpait ,g;nghOJ `pl;yhpd; iftrk;. RUq;fr; nrhd;dhy;> 1942 k; Mz;bd; kj;jpapy;> cyf tuyhw;wpy; ve;j xU ehLk;> ve;j xU rkaj;jpYk; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;jpapuhj kpfg; nghpa gug;gsT INuhg;gpag; gFjp n[Hkdpapd; Mjpf;fj;jpd; fPo; ,Ue;jJ. ,J jtpu tl Mg;hpf;fh KOtjpYk; Ml;rp nrYj;jpaJ.

,g;nghOJ jhd; gpur;idNa `pl;yUf;F Muk;gkhfpd;wJ..> 1942 k; Mz;bd; gpw;gFjpapy;> vfpg;jpy; vy; myikd; NghhpYk;> gpd;dH u\pahtpy; ];lhypd;fpuhLg; NghhpYk; n[Hkdp Njhy;tpaile;jJ. mjd; gpd;dH jhd; `pl;yiuAk; Njhw;fbf;f KbAk; vd;w vz;zk; Vida INuhg;gpa ehLfSf;F Vw;gl;lJ. mjid mLj;J te;j ,uz;L Mz;LfspYk; `pl;yUf;Fj; Njhy;tpNky; Njhy;tpNa. ,uz;L Mz;LfSf;Fg; gpd;dH> Vg;uy; 30 Mk; Njjp `pl;yH jw;nfhiy nra;J nfhz;lJld;> VO ehl;fs; fopj;J n[Hkdp ruzile;jJ.

`pl;yiu tPo;j;jpajpy; jiyaha gq;F tfpj;jJ> vfpg;jpy; `pl;yUf;F Vw;gl;l Njhy;tp. mjid mLj;J u\;ahtpy; Vw;gl;l Njhy;tp. `pl;yhpd; Njhy;tpf;Ff; fhuzkhd fk;A+dp]j;ij tPo;j;jpa msT ,];yhj;ij mjd; Nghuhl;l Fzj;ij mjd; vjphpfshy; xopj;Jf; fl;l ,aytpy;iy. vdNt jhd; mjd; kPJ njhLf;fpd;w jhf;Fjy;fSf;Fk; fhuzk; fw;gpf;Fk; nghOJ jPtputhjg; gop Rkj;jg;gLfpd;wJ> kdpj Fyj;jpw;F vjpuhdnjd;W rpj;jhpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. `pl;yH K];ypk;fSld; el;Ghpik ghuhl;b te;jJk;> K];ypk;fs; `pl;yhpd; mzpapy; NrHe;J nfhz;lJk; tuyhw;Wj; jtwy;y> khwhf K];ypk;fs; kPJ nrhy;nyhz;zh mlf;FKiwfis gphpl;lDk;> mnkhpf;fhTk; ,d;Dk; Mg;hpf;fg; gpuNjrj;jpy; /gphd;]{k;> ,tHfSld; A+j rjpfSk; ,ize;J nfhs;sNt ,tHfs; midtUf;Fk; vjpuhd Kfhkpy; ,Ue;j `pl;yUld; K];ypk;fs; ,ize;J nfhs;s Ntz;baNjw;gl;lJ.

A+jHfspd; mwptpg;Gg;gb> `pl;yNu Nghiu tpUk;gh tpl;lhYk;> `pl;yhpd; kPJ Nghiuj; jpzpg;Nghk; vd;whHfs;. vdNt jhd;> `pl;yH A+jHfis jdJ Kjy; vjphpahf> mopf;fg;gl Ntz;ba ,dkhfg; ghHj;jhH. Mdhy; tuyhW neLfpYk; mj;jifanjhU NghHg; gpufldj;ij K];ypk;fs; ahH kPJk; Rkj;jpaJ fpilahJ. mt;thwpUf;f K];ypk;fs; kPJ Vd; ,tHfs; NghH gpufldk; mwptpj;jJ Nghy; ele;J nfhs;fpd;whHfs;. jPtputhjpfs; vd;W $Wfpd;whHfs;. Fthz;ldhNkh> mG+fpiug; rpj;utij Kfhkpy; itj;J rpj;utijfisr; nra;fpd;whHfs;. ,dr;Rj;jpfhpg;G eltbf;iffspy; ,wq;Ffpd;whHfs;.

`pl;yiu mtHfs; vjpHj;jjw;F fhuzk;> [dehaf Kiwapyhd NjHjypy; mtH kf;fspd; mNkhf MjuTld; Ml;rpia Muk;gpj;jhH. ,uz;lhtJ> n[Hkdp kf;fSf;F ,uz;L cj;uthjq;fisj; je;jhH> xd;W tho;f;ifj; juj;ij caHj;Jjy;> ,uz;lhtJ midj;J Fbkf;fSf;Fk; kUj;Jt trjp. %d;whtJ> Njf;fkw;w r%f tsHr;rpf;F epiwthd kdpj tsk;. ,e;j %d;W fhuzpfSk; jhd; n[Hkd; kPJ NghHg; gpufldk; nra;a itj;jd.

cz;ikapy; `pl;yiu tpl cd;djkhd [dehafk; ,];yhj;jpy; jhd; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. ,uz;lhtJ> ,];yhk; jd;Dila nfhs;ifia Vw;Wf; nfhz;ltHfisAk;> Vw;Wf; nfhs;shjtHfisAk; rkkhfg; ghtpf;ff; $banjhU cz;ikahd [dehaff; nfhs;ifiaf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. mJ Ml;rpf;F te;j Nghnjy;yhk; Vida nfhs;ifapdH Rje;jpukhf tho;e;jdH> Rje;jpukhf jq;fSila tzf;f topghLfis epiwNtw;wpf; nfhz;ldH. %d;whtjhf> mjdplk; kw;w rKjhaj;jpdiu tpl epiwthd kdpj tsk; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. me;j kdpj tsj;ij KOikahd Kd;Ndw;wg; ghijapd; fPo; nfhz;L nry;tjw;fhd nghUshjhuf; nfhs;ifAk; mjdplk; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. `pl;yiug; Nghd;w rHthjpfhhpahf my;y> khwhf> eLepiyahd rKjhaj;ij mikg;gjw;Fj; Njitahd r%f ePjp mjdplk; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. vdNt> jhd; jq;fsJ Ruz;lYf;F vjpHg;Gf; Fuy; nfhLf;f ahUk; ,Uf;ff; $lhJ vd;W ,d;iwa mnkhpf;fhTk;> gphpl;lDk;> mtHfSld; ,ize;J NjhNshL Njhshf epd;fpd;w A+jHfSk; epidf;fpd;whHfs;.

Vnddpy;> ,Wjp tiuf;Fk; mtHfs; mbik tho;T tho khl;lhHfs;. mtHfspd; clypy; capH xl;bf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; epiyapYk; mlf;FKiwf;F vjpuhfg; NghH njhLg;ghHfs;. mtHfs; jhd; K];ypk;fs;. gilj;jtDf;F kl;LNk mbikfshf ,Ug;gjpy; re;Njh\k; milgtHfs;. gdp glHe;j irgPhpa kuzg;gLnfhiy Kfhk;..> tUlk; 1941> jhHj;jhhp];jhd; kw;Wk; Gfuh tpypUe;J nfhz;L tug;gl;ltHfs; me;j K];ypk;fs;. jq;fsJ jiyf;F Nkyhf fj;jp njhq;fpf; nfhz;bUe;j epiyapYk; kiwKfkhf me;j Kfhk;fspy; njhOifia epiwNtw;wpa tz;zk; mtHfs; ,Ue;jpUf;fpd;whHfs; vd;w nra;jpiag; gbf;f Kbfpd;wJ.

,d;iwf;Fk; mtHfsJ ,sty;fs; jhd; nrrd;ahtpy; u\;ahNthL NghH njhLj;J tUfpd;whHfs;. cyfj;jpd; ghHitapy; jPtputhjpfshf..!

,uz;lhtJ cyfg; NghH epiwT ngw;W `pl;yiuAk; tPo;j;jpdhHfs;> gpd;dH `pl;yUld; kiwKf xg;ge;jk; Nghl;L Nghye;ijf; ifg;gw;wpa u\;ahitAk; tPo;;j;jpdhHfs; ,e;j Vfhjpgj;jpa rf;jpfs;. ehL vd;w mstpy; K];ypk;fs; ngUk;ghd;ikahf thof; $ba ehLfspy; jq;fsJ nrhy;Yf;Ff; fl;Lg;gl;L elf;Fk; nghk;ikfis Ml;rp gPlj;jpy; mkHj;jp itj;jpUe;jhYk;> kf;fspd; nfhs;ifj; jhfk; mt;tg; nghOJ mq;Fk; ,q;Fk; ntbj;J tUtjid ,tHfshy; rfpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;f Kbatpy;iy. vdNt> cyfj;jpd; ghHitapy; ,e;j K];ypk;fis jPtputhjpfshfr; rpj;jhpj;J> mtHfis cyf r%f tho;tpypUe;J jdpikg;gLj;jp mtHfis kf;fs; njhlHgpypUe;J Kjypy; tpLtpj;J> gpd;dH mtHfis nfhs;ifaw;wtHfshf> jq;fsJ tho;f;ifg; Nghuhl;lj;jpw;fhf nfhs;ifia tpw;W tplf; $batHfshf K];ypk;fis Mf;fp tpl Ntz;Lk; vd;W Vfhjpgj;jpa rf;jpfs; xd;wpize;J ghLgl;L tUfpd;wd. mjw;fhf jq;fsJ midj;J tsq;fisAk; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wd.

[dehafk; vd;w ngahpy; Nghyp ehlfk; MLfpd;wd. mtHfsJ thapy; [dehafk; vd;W te;jhy;> mtHfsJ Ra yhgk; vq;Nfh ghjpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wJ vd;W mHj;jk;. mtHfsJ thapy; jPtputhjk; vd;W te;jhy; vq;Nfh mtHfsJ Ra yhgk; Ml;lk; fhz;fpd;wJ vd;W mHj;jk;.

mtHfsJ Rayhgj;jpw;fhf ghfp];jhdpd; uhZt Ml;rpahsH gHNt]; K\Hug;gpw;F rptg;Gf; fk;gsk; tphpg;ghHfs;. mtHfsJ Rayhgj;jpw;fhf Neghs kd;dUf;F ntQ;rhkuk; tPRthHfs;. mtHfsJ Rayhgj;jpw;fhf gHkhtpd; ,uhZt Ml;rpahsUf;F fhty; G+idahf ,Ug;ghHfs;. Mdhy; mtHfs; Rayhgk; ghjpf;fg;gl;lhy; gpluy; fh];l;Nuh xU Ks;shff; fUjg;gLthH. jhypghd;fs; fiuahd; Gw;Wf;fshfr; rpj;jhpf;fg;gLthHfs;.

u\;ahit vjpHf;f MAjkhfg; gad;gl;l gpd;yhld; mg;NghJ tpLjiy tPuH. ,g;NghJ Njbf; nfhy;y Ntz;batHfspd; gl;baypy; Kjyplj;jpy; ,Ug;gtH.

A+jHfisg; gLnfhiy nra;jhH vd;gjdhy; `pl;yiu mopj;jjpy; epahak; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. irgPhpa kuzg; gLnfhiy Kfhk;fspy; kdpj eu Ntl;il elj;jpaJ u\;ah vd;gjdhy; mjid mopj;jjpYk; epahak; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. K];ypk;fs; ahiu vjid mopj;jhHfs; vd;gjw;fhf ,e;j ntwpahl;lk; elf;fpd;wJ?

mnkhpf;fhTf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd gpaHs; `hHgH JiwKfj;ij [g;ghdpaHfs; Mf;fpukpj;jhHfs; vd;gjw;fhf `pNuh\pkh ehf]hfpapy; mZ Fz;Lfisg; Nghl;Nlhk; vd;whYk;..> thjj;jpw;fhf jiyia Ml;b itf;fyhk;. Mdhy;> K];ypk;fs; mnkhpf;fhtpd; ve;j `hHgiuAk; mopf;ftpy;iy> nrg;lk;gH 11 jhf;Fjy; $l> mjd; tprhuiz mwpf;ifapd; cz;ik vd;dntd;gNj ahUf;Fk; njhpatpy;iy. rk;gtk; ele;j nghOJ nrsjp mNugpahtpd; ngaH mjpfk; mbgl;lJ. rkPgj;jpy; nrsjpapd; jiyaPL ,jpy; ,y;iy vd;Wk; mnkhpf;fhNt $wp tpl;lJ. gpd;dH..> K];ypk;fspd; kPJ Vdpe;jg; NghH..!

mtHfs; Kjypy; K];ypk;fs;> ,];yhj;ijf; nfhs;ifahfg; gpd;gw;WgtHfs;..> Ra Mjpf;fk;> Ra yhgk; vd;w kdpj tpNuhjrf;jpfSf;F vjpuhf mtHfs; NghH njhLj;jpUf;fpd;whHfs;. mjw;F mtHfsJ nfhs;if Cl;lkspf;fpd;wJ.

Ra Mjpf;fKk;> Ra yhgKk; kdpj r%fj;jpw;F vjpuhdJ..! mjid vjpHg;gtHfs; jPtputhjpfs; vd;why;> kdpj tpNuhjpfs; vd;gtHfs; ahH..!?

kdpj Fyj;jpw;F vjphp ahH vd;gij ,g;nghOJ Ghpe;jpUg;gPHfs;. jPtputhjk; vd;why; vd;d vd;gijAk; ,g;nghOJ Ghpe;jpUg;gPHfs;..!

Fwpg;G : ,jd; MrphpaH> mg;gH nry;rpah tpy; 1948 k; Mz;L fpwp];jt FLk;gj;jpy; gpwe;J> 1974 y; ,];jhd;Gy;ypy; ,];yhj;ijj; jOtpdhH. thH]htpd; fk;A+dp] muR ,tiu KiwNa 1968 Yk;> gpd;dH 1981 y; rpiw itj;jJ. 1975 nry;rpah gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; tuyhw;wpy; KJfiyg;gl;lk; ngw;whH (1975)> kdpjNeak; vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPo; lhf;lH gl;lk; ngw;whH (1980)> 1983 y; mnkhpf;fhtpw;Ff; FbngaHe;jhH. ,tH gy;NtW jiyg;Gfspy; E}y;fis vOjp ntspapl;Ls;shH. Fwpg;ghf mnkhpf;fh> rphpah> ,e;jpah> Nghye;J> ghfp];jhd;> Ngh];dpah kw;Wk; njd;Mg;gphpf;fh vd;W gy;NtW gy;fiyf;fofq;fspy; ciu epfo;j;jpAs;shH. nry;rpad; gy;fiyf;fofk;> gpd;dH ,];yhkhghj; y; A+Nurpah gw;wp Ma;T ikaj;jpYk; gzpahw;wp cs;shH. jw;nghOJ kNyrpah Nfhyhyk;G+hpy; cs;s rHtNjr ,];yhkpa gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; ,];yhkpa tuhw;Wj; Jiwapy; Nguhrphpauhfg; gzpahw;wp tUfpd;whH.

2) The 100 - By Michael H. Hart