Kd;Diu

igj;Jy; Kfj;j]; vd;gJ ,d;W New;wy;y> ,e;j cyfk; Njhd;wpa fhyj;jpypUe;Nj ,];yhj;Jld; ,uz;lwf; fye;J tpl;l> mjidg; gpd;gw;Wk; K];ypk;fspd; kdjpy; fye;J tpl;lnjhU ,iwek;gpf;ifapd; ntspg;ghL> ,d;iwf;F mJ K];ypk;fspd; tuyhw;wpd; xU gFjpahf> ,d;iwf;Fk; vd;iwf;Fk; epiyj;J epw;ff; $banjhd;W. ,];yhk; $Wfpd;w J}jHfs; midtUk; ty;y my;yh`;tpdhy; mDg;gp itf;fg;gl;ltHfs; vd;gJk;> K];ypk;fs; midtUk; mtHfspd; kPJ jkJ ,iwek;gpf;ifia G+uzg;gLj;Jfpd;whHfs; vd;gJk;> ,d;Dk; ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtHfs; Kjy; %]h (miy) ,d;Dk; <]h (miy) MfpNahH tiu> ,d;Dk; ,];yhj;jpd; ,Wjp egpahf mDg;gp itf;fg;gl;l K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfs; tiuAs;s FHMd; Fwpg;gpLk; mj;jid egpkhHfSk;> ,iwtdhy; mDg;gg;gl;l J}JtHfs; vd;gij xt;nthU K];ypKk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;tNjhL> ,d;Dk; mtHfs; capNuhL tho;e;j fhyj;jpy; mtHfsJ Md;kPfj;Jld; $ba kw;Wk; czHTg;G+Htkhd midj;Jk; igj;Jy; Kfj;j]pld; njhlHGgLj;jg;gl;lit. ,j;jifa Md;kPfj;JlDk;> czHTg;G+Htkhdtw;Wld; xd;Wgl;l igj;Jy; Kfj;ji] vt;thW tpl;Lf; nfhLf;f ,aYk;. ,d;Dk;> Xhpiwf; nfhs;ifiag; giwrhl;lf; $ba jskhfTk; cs;sJ. mJ K];ypk;fsJ Md;kPfk;> ,iwek;gpf;if> czHTfs;> tzf;f topghL ,d;Dk; mtHfsJ rkak; rhHe;j midj;jpYk; mJ jhf;fj;ij tpistpf;ff; $banjhd;whf ,Ue;J nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. ,d;Dk; mjpfk; nrhy;yg; Nghdhy; [p`hj; vd;wiof;fg;glf; $ba> ,iwtopapy; Nghuhl;lk; vd;gjd; milahsj; jskhfTk; mJ jpfo;fpd;wJ. ,jw;F fle;j fhy kw;Wk; epfo;fhy tuyhW rhl;rpak; $wpf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. Fwpg;ghf> ghy];jPdj;jpy; K];ypk;fs; njhlHe;J elj;jp tuf; $ba ,d;jpghoh> Md;kPf kw;Wk; czHr;rpapd; ntspg;ghl;bd; cr;rj;ijg; giwrhw;wf; $bajhf ,Ug;gNjhL> my; Fj;]; vd;wiof;fg;glf; $ba igj;Jy; Kfj;j]; K];ypk; cyfpd; gphpf;f KbahjnjhU gFjpahfTk; jpfo;fpd;wJ. vy;yhtpj fUj;JNtWghLfSk; fisag;gl;L> K];ypk;fis Xuzpapy; epWj;jf; $ba gzpiar; nra;af; $ba milahs G+kpahfTk; ,J ,Ue;J nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ vd;why; mjpy; kpifapy;iy.

tuyhw;Wr; rpW Fwpg;G

n[U]yk; efuhdJ fp.gp.637 ugpa;Ay; MfpH 16 e; Njjp K];ypk;fspd; iffSf;F te;jjd; gpd;dH> ,J tiu ,Ue;J te;j mlf;FKiw Ml;rpfSf;F Kw;Wg;Gs;sp itf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jw;F Kd; me;jg; gFjpia vfpg;jp aHfSk;> fpNuf;fHfSk;> ngH]paHfSk; gpd;G NuhkHf shYk; khwp khwp Ml;rp nra;J te;jhHfs;. NuhkHfis vHKf; vd;w ,lj;jpy; itj;J NghH nra;J K];ypk;fs; ntw;wp ngw;wTld;> ,e;j mlf;FKiwfs; xU KbTf;Ff; nfhz;L tug;gl;ld. NuhkHfspd; ftHduhf ,Ue;J Ml;rp nra;J te;jtH> Gdpj efiu tpl;L Xbr; nrd;W> K];ypk;fsplk; ruzile;J> mikjp xg;ge;jk; xd;iwr; nra;J nfhz;lhH. ,J NghyNt ,d;Dk; Vida efuq;fSk; K];ypk;fSld; mikjp xg;ge;jq;fs; nra;J nfhz;ld. Mdhy; kw;w efuq;fspd; kf;fs; nra;J nfhz;l mikjp xg;ge;jj;jpw;Fk;> n[U]k; efu kf;fs; nra;J nfhz;l mikjp xg;ge;jj;jpw;Fk; xU tpj;jpahrk; ,Ue;jJ. mjhtJ> K];ypk;fspd; ,uz;lhtJ fyPghthf kjpdh efhpy; Ml;rp nra;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; ckH (uyp) mtHfs; Neubahf te;J ,e;j efhpd; Ml;rpg; nghWg;ig Vw;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gNj> me;j kf;fspd; Ntz;LNfhshf ,Ue;jJ. ,jidawpe;j ckH (uyp) mtHfs;> myp (uyp) mtHfsplk; Ml;rpg; nghWg;ig xg;gilj;J tpl;L> n[U]yk; efH te;J Ml;rpg; nghWg;ig Vw;W me;j kf;fspd; ngUkjpg;igg; ngw;whHfs;. mtHfsJ tUifapd; nghOJ> ,Jtiu Ml;rpg; nghWg;gpy; ,Ue;jtHfs; vy;yhk;> mjpfhuj;ij J\;gpuNahfk; nra;J> me;j kf;fis mlf;FKiwapd; fPo; itj;jpUe;jjw;F khwhf> ckH (uyp) Ml;rpg; nghWg;ig Vw;w md;Nw me;j kf;fs;> ,];yhj;jpd; cd;djj;ijf; fz;L nfhz;lhHfs;.

njhOiff;fhd Neuk; te;j rkaj;jpy;> ckH (uyp) mtHfis fpwp];j;jtHfspd; Nfhapypy; njhOJ nfhs;Sk;gb me;j kf;fs; Ntz;bf; nfhz;l gpd;Gk;> mjpy; njho kWj;Jtpl;lJld;> gpd;G tuf; $ba vd;Dila r%fk; ,J vq;fs; ckH epd;W njhOj ,lk; vd;W thjplhky; ,Uf;fj; jhd; ehd; njho kWf;fpd;Nwd; vd;W $wp md;Nw me;j kf;fspd; kj> kw;Wk; rNfhju ey;ypzf;fj;jpw;F mbj;jskpl;Lf; nfhLj;jhHfs;. NkYk;> mq;F thof;$ba kf;fspd; kj tzf;f topghLfs;> mtHfspd; rpd;dq;fs;> tzf;fj; jsq;fs; Mfpatw;iw vf;fhuzk; nfhz;Lk; > Mf;fpukpf;fNth> mfw;wNth $lhJ vd ckH (uyp) mtHfs; K];ypk;fSf;Ff; fl;lisapl;lhHfs;.

Nkw;fz;l ,e;j cj;juT mq;F tho;e;j fpwp];j;jtHfSf;F kl;Lky;y> A+jHfs; tp\aj;jpYk; ,e;jf; nfhs;ifiaf; filgpbf;FkhW ckH (uyp) mtHfs; fl;lisapl;lhHfs;. ,e;jg; Gz;zpa G+kpapy; tho;e;j ,tHfs;> epk;kjpahf ahH fhyj;jpy; tho;e;jhHfs; vd;why;> mJ fpwp];j;jtHfshd NuhkhdpaHfspd; Ml;rpf; fhyj;jpy; my;y. khwhf mJ K];ypk;fspd; Ml;rpf;fhyj;jpy; jhd; vd;gJ cz;ikahd tuyhwhFk;. ckH (uyp) mtHfs; Ml;rpg; nghWg;Ngw;w me;jf; fhyj;jpy; A+jHfSk;> fpwp];j;jtHfSk; jq;fSf;Fs; fLikahd gifikiaf; nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. fhuzk;> fpwp];j;jtHfshd NuhkHfs; A+jHfisg; gLnfhiy nra;jjJ kl;Lky;yhJ> fp.gp. 325 y; me;jg; gFjpia Ml;rp nra;J te;J nfhz;bUe;j Nuhkg; NguurH fhz;];lhd;bd; vd;gtH> A+jHfis n[U]yk; cl;gl;l gFjpfSf;Fs; tuNt $lhJ vd;w xU cj;juitAk; gpwg;gpj;jhH. K];ypk;fs; n[U]yk; efiuf; ifg;gw;wpa gpd;dH jhd;> mtHfs; ,e;jg; Gdpj G+kpf;Fs;NsNa Eioa Kbe;jJ. Mf> ,e;j A+jHfs; vq;nfq;F tho;e;jhHfNsh mq;nfy;yhk; mtkhdg;gLj;jg;gl;lhHfs;. Mdhy;> K];ypk;fspd; Ml;rpapy; jhd; ,tHfs; epk;kjpiag; ngw;whHfs;. fp.gp.1099-1187 tiu rpYit Ajj;jpd; gpd; 88 tUlq;fs; Ml;rp nra;j NuhkHfspd; nfhLq;Nfhs; Ml;rpapd; nghOJ jhd;> n[U]yk; efhpy; tho;e;j fpwp];j;jtHfSk;> A+jHfSk; K];ypk;fspd; Ml;rpapd; cd;djj;ij mwpe;J nfhz;lhHfs;. Vnddpy;> rpYit Aj;jj;jpd; nghOJ> NuhkHfs; n[U]yj;jpy; tho;e;J te;j K];ypk;fis kl;Lk; gLnfhiy nra;atpy;iy. khwhf> fpwp];j;jtHfs;> A+jHfs; vd 70 Mapuk; NgHfisf; nfhd;W jPHj;jhHfs;. vd;iwf;F ]yh`{j;jPd; my; ma;A+gp mtHfs; n[U]yj;ij kPz;Lk; ifg;gw;wpdhHfNsh md;W jhd; ,tHfs; epk;kjpahf tho Muk;gpj;jhHfs;.

INuhg;gpaHfshYk;> n[Hkd; eh]pfshYk; Xl Xl tpul;lg;gl;Lg; gLnfhiy nra;ag;gl;l ,tHfs;> mtHfis vy;yhk; tpl;L tpl;L> ahUila Ml;rpapNy ghJfhg;ghfTk;> epk;kjpahfTk; tho;e;jhHfNsh> mj;jifa K];ypk;fspd; kPJ> NghH njhLj;jpUg;gJ> fhyk; fhykhf ,iwtDf;Fk; ,iwj;J}jHfSf;Fk; nra;J te;j khWghl;il tpl;L ePq;fhJ> kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; ,e;j G+kpapy; mopr;rhl;bak; nra;J tUtijj; jhd; Fwpf;fpd;wJ. ,J> ,iwtdhy; jpl;lkplg;gl;bUf;Fk;> mtHfs; kPJ ,iwtd; tpjpj;jpUf;Fk; mopit Nehf;fpr; nrd;W nfhz;bUf;fpd;whHfs; vd;gijj; jhd; Fwpf;fpd;wJ.

my; Fj;]; - igj;Jy; Kfj;j];

my; Fj;]; my;yJ n[U]yk; vd;gJ goikahd muG efukhFk;. ,jid goikahd muGf; Nfhj;jpuj;jtHfshd Nfdidl;]; vd;gtHfs; ,e;j efuj;ij cUthf;fpdhHfs;> ,d;Dk; ,tHfs; jhd; ghy];jPdj;jpd; Muk;gf; FbfSk; MthHfs;. ,g;nghOJ> A+jHfs; $wpf; nfhz;bUg;gJ Nghy n[U]yk; vd;gJ `Pg;U nkhopapy; cs;sjy;y> khwhf my; aNgh]p vd;w Xhpiwf; Nfhl;ghl;ilg; gpd;gw;wpatdhd Nfidd; kd;dd; my; ahNgh]p vd;gtd; ,l;l ngauhFk;.

,d;Dk; ,e;j efuj;ij 'AtH ]yPk; my;yJ ]hyk;" vd;Wk; miog;gJz;L> AtH vd;gJ CH my;yJ ,lk; vd;gijAk;> ]yPk; vd;gJ me;j kd;didAk; Fwpf;ff;$baJ. mjhtJ ']hyk; efuk;" my;yJ 'mikjpapd; efuk;" vd;wiof;fg;gLfpd;wJ. fhyk; nry;yr; nry;y ,e;jg; ngaH kUtp n[U]yk; vd;wiof;fg;gl;lJ. n[U]yk; vd;w ,e;jg; ngaH gy;NtW fhuzg; ngaHfSlDk; miof;fg;gLfpd;wJ. mjhtJ> igj;Jy; Kfj;jp];> my; Fj;]; - mjhtJ Gdpjkpf;f efuk; vd;wiof;fg;gLtJld;> ,ypah vd;Wk; Kd;G miof;fg;gl;L te;jJ.

my; `uk; m\;\hP/g;

K];ypk;fSf;F my; Fj;]; d; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; vd;gJ mJ mUs; nra;ag;gl;l efuk; - ghy];jPdk;> ,jd; fhuzk; vd;dntdpy; my; `uk; m\;\hP/g; vd;wiof;fg;glf; $ba Gdpjkpf;f gs;spthry; ,Ug;gNj mjd; fhuzkhFk;. ,jw;F fz;zpakpf;f> Gdpjkpf;fJkhd ,e;jg; gs;spthry; cyf K];ypk;fs; njhOifapd; nghOJ Kd;Ndhf;Fk; jpirahfTk; Kd;G ,Ue;jJ. ,d;Dk; kf;fh kw;Wk; kjPdhtpw;F mLj;jjhf> %d;whtJ Gdpjkpf;f jskhf igj;Jy; Kfj;j]; jpfo;fpd;wJ. ,d;Dk; ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; ,e;j gs;spapy; ,Ue;J jhd; Vida ,iwj;J}jHfSf;F njhOifia Kd;dpd;W elj;jp tpl;L> gpd;G kp/uh[; vd;wiof;fg;glf; $ba tpz;Nzw;wg; gazk; nra;jhHfs; vd;gjpypUe;Jk;> my; k];[pJy; mf;]h> my; Fj;];> ghy];jPdg; G+kp vd;wiof;fg;glf; $ba ,e;j G+kp ,iwtdhy; mUs;nra;ag;gl;ljhFk;. ,d;Dk; mjd; Nkw;fz;l Kf;fpaj;Jtj;jpypUe;J ,J K];ypk;fspd; ,iwek;gpf;ifAld; ve;jsT njhlHGs;s G+kp vd;gJk; tpsq;Fk;.

my; k];[pJy; mf;]h

my; k];[pJy; mf;]h my;yJ njhiyJ}uj;Jg; gs;spthry; vd;gjd; mHj;jk; ahnjdpy;> Gdpjkpf;f gs;spthryhd kf;fhtpypUe;J njhiytpy; cs;s gs;spthry; vd;gjhFk;. ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; kf;fhtpypUe;J igj;Jy; Kfj;j]; nrd;w - ,];uh vd;w epfo;tpid Ma;T nra;Ak; khHf;f mwpQHfs;> Gdpj kpf;f kf;fh efuj;ijAk;> igj;Jy; Kfj;ji]Ak; ,izf;fpd;w ,e;j epfo;tpd; %yk; ,iwtd; igj;Jy; Kfj;ji]Ak;> kf;fhtpd; Gdpjj;NjhL ,izf;fpd;whd; vd;Nw fUJfpd;wdH. ,e;j tpz;Nzw;w cj;juT ,iwtd; Gwj;jpypUe;J te;jjhFk;> vdNt ,uz;L gs;spfspd; Gdpjj;jd;ikiag; ghJfhf;Fk; nghWg;G K];ypk;fisNa rhUfpd;wJ. ,jid khw;wpaikg;gjw;F ,iwtd; NtW ahUf;Fk; ve;j mjpfhuj;ijAk; toq;fpltpy;iy.

k];[pj; mf;]htpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; gw;wpa rpy Fwpg;Gfs; :

Kjy; fpg;yh

`p[;uj; - ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; kf;fhtpypUe;J kjPdhtpw;F FbNawpa gpd; cs;s Muk;g ehl;fspy; K];ypk;fs; jq;fsJ tzf;fj;jpd; nghOJ Kd;Ndhf;Fk; jpirahf> igj;Jy; Kfj;j]; mike;jpUe;j jpiria Kd;Ndhf;fpj; jhd; njhOJ nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. ,JNt ,iwtdhy; mDg;gg;gl;l midj;J ,iwj;J}jHfSf;Fk;> ,d;Dk; ,Wjpj; J}juhd K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfs; tiuf;FKs;s mdij;Jj; J}jHfSf;Fkhd milahskhfTk; ,Ue;jJ. ,khk; GfhhP mtHfspd; gjpT nra;jpUf;fpd;w egpnkhopapd;gb> ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; mbf;fb thdj;ijNa cw;W Nehf;ff; $batHfshf ,Ue;jhHfs;> njhOifapd; Kd;Ndhf;F jpirahf igj;Jy; Kfj;ji] tpLj;J kf;fhit Nehf;fpj; njhOtjw;fhd ,iwtDila cj;juT te;J tplhjh vd;W jhd; mtHfs; jdJ Kfj;ij thdj;ij Nehf;fp mbf;fb jpUg;gf; $batHfshf ,Ue;jhHfs;. gpd;dH ,iwtd; ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfspd; me;j tpUg;gj;jpw;F gjpyspj;jhd;. mjd; gpd;dH jhd; njhOifapd; nghOJ Kd;Ndhf;Fk; jpirahf kf;fh khw;wg;gl;lJ. ,jid my;yh`; jdJ jpUkiwapy; ,t;thW $Wfpd;whd; :

njhOifapd; Kd;Ndhf;F jpirahd igj;Jy; Kf;fj;j]; khw;wg;gl;L tpl;ljd; fhuzkhf mjd; Gdpjj; jd;ikapy; FiwT Vw;gl;L tpl;lJ vd;W mHj;jkhfhJ> khwhf mjd; Gdpj;jJtj;ijg; gw;wp ,iwtd; jpUkiwf; FHMdpy; gy;NtW ,lq;fspy; rpyhfpj;Jf; $Wfpd;whd;. mjid tpl Gjpa fpg;yh thf cUntLj;jpUf;ff; $ba kf;fhtpDld;> igj;Jy; Kfj;j]{k; K];ypk;fspd; Ke;ija fpg;yh vd;w Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijg; ngw;WtpLfpd;wJ.

,];uh kw;Wk; kp/uh[; epfo;e;j G+kp

,Jtiu ve;jg; gilg;gpdKk; nrd;wile;jpuhj ,iwtdpd; kpf mUfhikia Nehf;fp> ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; ,utpy; kf;fhtpypUe;J igj;Jy; Kfj;j]pw;Fg; gazkhfp> mq;fpUe;J kp/uh[; vd;w tpz;Nzw;wg; gazj;ij Nkw;nfhz;l jskhf k];[pJy; mf;]h jpfo;fpd;wJ. ,e;jr; rk;gtj;ij jpUkiwf; FHMdpd; 17:1 trdk; nka;g;gpj;Jf; $Wfpd;wJ. ,J jhd; my; Fj;]; d; tuyhw;Wr; rpwg;Gkpf;f epfo;thfTk;> jpUg;G KidahfTk; jpfo;tNjhL> K];ypk;fspd; tho;tpYk; ,d;Dk; kdpj tuyhw;wpYk; kpf Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijg; ngw;Wj; juf; $bajhfTk; ,e;j rk;gtk; jpfo;fpd;wJ.

,J K];ypk;fspd; Md;kPfj;Jld;> mtHfsJ czHTld; guk;giu guk;giuahf njhlHgpid Vw;gLj;jty;yjhf ,Uf;fpd;wJ. k];[pJy; mf;]h Tk; mjDld; njhlHGs;s epyq;fSk;> kf;fhtpidg; Nghd;Nw K];ypk;fSf;F Gdpjkpf;fnjhd;whf Mfp tpLfpd;wJ.

%d;whtJ Gdpjkpf;f efuk;

,e;jg; gs;spiar; nrd;W jhprpg;gjw;F ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; K];ypk;fis Cf;fg;gLj;jpdhHfs;. fPo;fz;l %d;W gs;spthry;fisj; jtpu Vida gs;spfSf;Fr; nrd;W mjidj; jhprpg;gjw;F (mq;F njhOif elj;Jk; Nehf;fj;JlDk;) nry;yf; $lhJ. mitahtd : kf;fhtpy; mike;Js;s my; k];[pj; my; `uk;> kjPdhtpy; cs;s ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfspd; gs;spthry; kw;Wk; my; k];[pJy; mf;]h (my; Fj;];). (GfhhP> K];ypk;)

,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs; igj;Jy; Kfj;j]; gs;spapy; njhOfpd;w njhOif 500 klq;F ed;ikfisg; ngw;Wj; juf; $baJ.

kf;fhtpy; cs;s my; k];[pJy; `ukpy; njhof; $ba njhOifahdJ kw;w ,lq;fspy; njhOfpd;w njhOif xU yl;rk; njhOiff;F <lhdJ. kjPdhtpy; njhof; $ba njhOifahdJ kw;w ,lq;fspy; njhOfpd;w njhOiff;F Mapuk; klq;F njhOiff;F <lhdJ. ,d;Dk; igj;Jy; Kfj;j]; y; njhOfpd;w njhOifahdJ kw;w ,lq;fspy; njhOfpd;w njhOifapd; 500 klq;Ff;F <lhdJ. (`]d; ig`fP)

j[;[hypd; Fog;gk; kpiff;Fk; nghOJ> K];ypk;fs; mtdJ Fog;gj;jpypUe;J jq;fisg; ghJfhj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; nghUl;L jQ;rk; milaf; $ba jskhfTk; igj;Jy; Kj;j]; jpfo;fpd;wJ. kf;fh kw;Wk; kjPdhitg; NghyNt j[;[hy; ,e;jg; gs;spapy; Eiotjdpd;Wk; ,iwtd; ghJfhj;jUs;thd;. ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs; : j[;[hiyg; gw;wpf; $Wk; nghOJ> ''mtd; ,e;jg; G+kpapy; ehw;gJ ehl;fs; jq;fp ,Ug;ghd;> f/gh> ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfspd; gs;spthry; kw;Wk; my; k];[pJy; mf;]h ,d;Dk; rpdha; Fd;Wfs; Mfpa ,lq;fisj; jtpu> mtd; G+kpapy; cs;s vy;yh ,lq;fspYk; Eiothd;."" (m`;kj;)

mUs; nra;ag;gl;l G+kp ghy];jPdk;

mtw;Ws; rpy mUl;nfhilfs; gpd;tUkhW :

cyfj;jpd; kpf Kf;fpa ikag; gFjpapy; mjd; miktplk;

thdtHfs; ,wq;fpa jsk;

,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs; : \hk; Njr kf;fSf;F xU ew;nra;jp! mJ vd;d nra;jp> ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfNs vd;W mtHfs; (NjhoHfs;) Nfl;lhHfs;. ''my;yh`;tpDila thdtHfs; jq;fsJ ,wf;iffis \hk; Njrj;jpd; kPJ tphpj;jpUf;fpd;whHfs;"" vd;whHfs;. (jpHkpjP)

,iwj;J}jHfs; gyH te;Jjpj;j G+kp

my;yh`; jdJ J}jHfs; gyiu ,e;jg; G+kpapy; jhd; gpwf;f itj;jhd;> mtHfisj; jdJ J}jHfshfTk; NjHe;njLj;Jf; nfhz;lhd;> ,d;Dk; jd;Dila Ntj trdq;fisAk;> fl;lisfisAk;> Mfkq;fisAk; toq;fp kf;fSf;F mtw;iwg; Nghjpf;fr; nra;jhd; :

K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfs; ,e;jg; Gz;zpa G+kpiaj; jhprpj;jNjhL> mq;F njhOifAk; elj;jpdhHfs;. ,g;wh`Pk; (miy)> Y}j; (miy) MfpNahH ,e;j G+kpf;F ,lk; ngaHe;jpUf;fpd;whHfs;. ,d;Dk; Vuhskhd J}jHfs; ,q;F gpwe;jpUfpd;whHfs;> tsHe;jpUf;fpd;whHfs;> kuzpj;jpUf;fpd;whHs;> mlf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;whHfs;. mtHfshtd : ,];`hf; (miy)> ah$g; (miy)> A+R/g; (miy)> jhT+j; (miy)> Riykhd; (miy)> ]fhpa;ah (miy)> a`;ah (miy) kw;Wk; <]h (miy). my; Fj;]; - ,tHfs; midtUk; tho;e;J kuzpj;j ,lk; kl;Lky;y> mtHfs; ,e;jg; G+kpapy; te;J jq;fp> kf;fSf;F ,];yhkpag; gpur;rhug; gzpfisAk; Nkw;nfhz;l jsKkhFk;.

Af KbT ehSf;F Kd;gjhf> <]h (miy) mtHfs; kPz;Lk; ,e;j cyfj;jpw;F tUif jUk; nghOJ> my; k];[pJy; mf;]h tpy; jhd; mtHfsJ tUif ,Uf;Fk; vd;W Vuhskhd `jP];fs; cWjpg;gLj;Jfpd;wd.

cyf K];ypk;fspd; nghJ (tf;/g;) nrhj;J

ghy];jPdg; G+kpia Kjd; Kjyhf jdJ Njhouhd jkPk; ,g;D mt;]; mj;jhhp (,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfsJ NjhoUk; ,d;Dk; ghy];jPdj;ijr; NrHe;j Kjy; K];ypKk; MthH)vd;gtUf;F chpik toq;fpa nghOJ> ghy];jPdk; vd;gJ K];ypk;fSf;Fhpa nrhj;J vd;W mjd; kPjhd chpik Fwpj;J typAWj;jpdhHfs; ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs;. me;jr; nrhj;J jkPk; mj;jhhp mtHfSf;Fk; mtUf;Fk; gpd; mtuJ rNfhjuHfSf;Fk;> mtHfSf;Fg; gpd; mtHfsJ re;jjpapdUf;Fk; mJ chpikahf;fg;gl;L> ,e;j chpikahdJ cyf mopT ehs; tiuf;Fk; njhluf; $baJ.

,];yhkpa tuyhw;iw Muha;e;jhy;> K];ypk; Ml;rpahsHfs; gyH> ghy];jPdj;jpd; gy;NtW gFjpfis tf;/g; nra;jpUg;gjidf; fhz KbAk;. cJkhdpa fpyhgj;jpd; nghOJ> ,t;thW tf;/g; nra;ag;gl;l nrhj;Jf;fs; ahTk; gj;jpuj;jpy; vOjg;gl;L> ,];jhd;Gy; efuj;jpy; gjpT nra;ag;gl;lJ.

,d;Dk; Nkyjpfkhf> ,t;thW tf;/g; nra;ag;gl;l nrhj;Jf;fis fhydp Ml;rp Ghpe;J nfhz;bUe;j gphpl;b\; muRk; mq;fPfhpj;jpUe;jJ> ghy];jPdk; vd;gJ K];ypk;fSf;F chpikg;gl;lJ vd;Wk; me;j muR mq;fPfhuk; nra;jJ.

[p`hj; kw;Wk; hpghj;

,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; ghy];jPdg; gFjp kf;fs; Fwpj;Jf; $Wk; nghOJ> '',tHfSk;> ,tHfsJ kidtpaHfSk;> ,tHfsJ Foe;ijfSk;> mbikfSk; (Mz;> ngz;)> ,tHfs; midtUk; my;yh`;tpd; ghijapy; hpghj; nra;af; $batHfs;."" (mj;jguhdP) hpghj; vd;gJ K];ypk;fSf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd epyq;fis ghJfhg;gJ vd;W nghUs;> ,];yhj;jpw;Fr; nra;ag;gLk; kpfg; ngUk; Nritfspy; ,JTk; xd;W> xUtH K];ypk;fSf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd G+kpia kPl;gjw;fhd Nghuhl;lj;jpy; ,we;J tpl;lhH vdpy;> kz;ziwapd; Fog;gq;fspy; ,Ue;J mtH ghJfhf;fg;gLtJld;> mtuJ ey;ywq;fs; vd;iwf;F KbT ngwhJ njhlHe;J nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk;> vJtiunadpy; cyf KbT ehs; tiuf;F mJ njhlHe;J nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk;> ,tuJ fzf;fpy; mJ ey;ywq;fshf; Fwpf;fg;gl;Lf; nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk;.

,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs; : ''vd;Dila ck;kj;jpy; xU FOtpdH rj;jpaj;ijf; fhg;ghw;Wtjw;fhf njhlHe;Jk; Nghuhbf; nfhz;Nl ,Ug;ghHfs;> ,d;Dk; (,Wjp) Neuk; tUk; Neuj;jpy; mtHfs; jq;fsJ vjphpfis ntd;nwLf;ff; $batHfshf ,Ug;ghHfs;."" mg;nghOJ xUtH Nfl;lhH : ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfNs..> mtHfis ehq;fs; vq;Nf fhz;gJ? mjw;F> ''mtHfs; igj;Jy; Kj;jp]pYk;> mjidr; Rw;wpYk; (tho;e;J nfhz;L) ,Ug;ghHfs;"" vd;whHfs;. (m`;kj;)

vdNt> khHf;f mwpQHfs; gyH ghy];jPdpaHfs; jq;fsJ epyq;fis kPl;Fk; Nghuhl;lj;jpy; cWjpNahL ,Uf;FkhW mtHfisf; Nfl;Lf; nfhs;fpd;whHfs;. ,e;jg; Nghuhl;lkhdJ my;yh`;tpdplj;jpy; [p`hj; kw;Wk; hpghj; vd;w ,uz;L ew;$ypfis mtHfSf;Fg; ngw;Wj; juf; $bajhf ,Uf;fpd;wJ.

`\;H kw;Wk; kd;\;H

,Wjp ehspd; milahsq;fspy; xd;whf> vkd; Njrj;jpy; kpfg; nghpa jP cUthfp mJ kf;fis `\;H vd;wiof;ff; $ba G+kpf;Ff; nfhz;L te;J NrHf;Fk;> (`\;H vd;gJ cyfj;jpd; filf;Nfhb) mjhtJ \hk; Njrj;jpy; - ,d;iwa rphpahtpy; nfhz;L te;J NrHf;Fk;. ,e;j mUs; nra;ag;gl;l G+kpapy; ,Ue;J jhd; ,];uh/gPy; vd;w thdtH> ,e;j cyf KbT ehs; Fwpj;Jk;> ,d;ndhU Afj;jpd; Muk;gk; Fwpj;Jk; mjd; milahskhf kpfg; ngUk; rq;Nfhiria vOg;GthH.

ik%dh gpd;j; ]hj; (uyp) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs; : ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfNs igj;Jy; Kfj;jp]; gw;wpf; vq;fSf;Ff; $Wq;fNsd; (vd;w nghOJ)> '',iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs;> ,J `\;H kw;Wk; kd;\H (khpj;NjhHfis capH nfhLj;J vOg;gg;gLk; ehs;) - d; G+kpahFk;"" vd;whHfs;. (jguhdP)

my; Fj;]; - K];ypk;fSf;Fr; nrhe;jkhdJ

ehd;F khj njhlH Kw;Wiff;Fg; gpd;dH `p[;hp 16 y; my; Fj;]; K];ypk;fSf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd G+kpahdJ> '',Wjpj; J}jH"" gw;wp mwpTiltHfs; K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfs; jhd; ,Wjpj; J}jH vd;gij mwpe;J czHe;J> K];ypk;fSld; rkhjhdk; nra;J nfhs;s Kd; te;jhHfs;. ,d;Dk; jq;fsJ Ntj E}ypy; fz;lthW cs;s milahsk; cs;stiuj; jtpu NtW ahhplKk; ,e;j efuj;ij ehq;fs; xg;gilf;f khl;Nlhk; vd;W mtHfs; kWj;J tpl;lhHfs;. me;j milahsq;fs; vd;dntd;gJ Fwpj;J mtHfs; K];ypk;fspd; Kd;dpiyapy; jq;fsJ Ntj E}y;fspypUe;J thrpj;Jf; fhl;ba nghOJ> mt;thW Fwpg;gplg;gLk; milahsq;fs; ahTk; ckH gpd; fj;jhg; (uyp) mtHfisNa Rl;bf; fhl;Lfpd;wJ vd;W czHe;J nfhz;l K];ypk;fs;> ckH (uyp) mtHfis - md;iwa ,];yhkpa rhk;uh[;aj;jpd; jiyikg; nghWg;ghspia my; Fj;]; efuj;jpw;F tpiue;J tUkhW nra;jp mDg;gpdhHfs;. ckH (uyp) mtHfSk; my; Fj;]; efuj;jpw;F Gwg;gl;L te;J> kpf caHe;j fpwp];jt NghjfHfsJ Kd;dpiyapy; my; Fj;]; efuj;jpy; rhtpia ckH (uyp) mtHfsplk; xg;gilj;jhHfs;.

mt;thW rhtp xg;gilf;fg;gl;l Neuk; njhOif Neukhf ,Ue;jikahy;> fpwp];jtHfspd; rHRf;Fs; epd;W njhOk;gb fpwp];jt ghjphpahHfs; Kd; te;J Ntz;bf; nfhz;l NghJk;> ckH (uyp) mtHfs; mq;F njho kWj;jNjhL> ehis tuf; $ba re;jjpfs; ,J ckH epd;W njhOj ,lk;> vdNt ,J vq;fSf;Fj; jhd; nrhe;jk; vd;W nrhe;jk; nfhz;lhl Muk;gpj;J tpLthHfs;> mjw;F ehd; ,le; ju khl;Nld; vd;W $wp tpl;L> ckH (uyp) mtHfSk; mtuJ NjhoHfSk; rHr;Rf;F ntspNa ,d;ndhU ,lj;jpy; njhOifia epiwNtw;wpdhHfs;.

ckUila xg;ge;jk;

A+jHfSk;> fpwp];jtHfSk; ,];yhkpa Ml;rpia tuNtw;wJld;> ,];yhkpa Ml;rpapd; fPo; kj rfpg;gj; jd;ikAld; $ba Gjpa tho;f;ifia mtHfs; ghy];jPdg; G+kpapy; mDgtpf;f Muk;gpj;jhHfs;. ,tHfs; jq;fsJ khHf;fj;ij G+uz Rje;jpuj;Jld; gpd;gw;wTk;> mtHfsJ r%f eilKiwfspy; mtHfs; nrhe;j eilKiwr; rl;lq;fisg; Ngzpf; nfhs;sTk; KOr; Rje;jpuk; toq;fg;gl;lhHfs;. ,];yhj;jpd; Kjy; E}w;whz;bd; ,Wjpapy; ghy];jPdj;jpy; tho;e;j mNefkhd kf;fs; ,];yhj;ijj; jOtpdhHfs;> kpfTk; Fiwe;j rjtpfpj kf;fNs A+jHfshfTk;> fpwp];jtHfshfTk; ,Ue;jhHfs; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

A+j Mf;fpkpg;G

gd;dhl;Lr; rl;lq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; my; Fj;]; d; fpof;F kw;Wk; Nkw;Fg; gFjpfs; Mf;fpukpg;Gg; gFjpfs; vd;W Fwpg;gpLfpd;wd. mjd; kPJ ,];NuYf;F ve;jtpj chpikAk; fpilahJ. ,];Nuy; njhlHe;J nra;J tUk; Kaw;rpfs; %ykhf my;Fj;]; efuj;ij mtHfSf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd efukhf khw;wpikj;J tplyhk; vd;W fUJfpd;whHfs;> ,jid ahUk; jLj;J epWj;jp tpl KbahJ vd;W mtHfs; fdT nfhz;bUf;fpd;whHfs;. my; Fj;]; vd;gJ ,];Nuypd; gphpf;f Kbahj gFjp vd;Wk; mtHfsJ jiyefuk; vd;Wk; mwpf;if thrpf;fpd;whHfs;. ,];NuyhdJ muGf;fSf;Fk; K];ypk;fSf;Fk; nrhe;jkhd Vuhskhd epyq;fis mgfhpj;J itj;Js;sJ. ntspehLfspy; ,Ue;J ,];Nuypy; FbNaWk; A+jHfSf;F Gjpa Gjpa FbapUg;Gf;fis> ,e;j efuj;ijr; Rw;wpYk; fl;baikj;Jf; nfhz;L tUfpd;wJ. ,t;thwhd Mf;fpukpg;Gfs; muGf;fis tYf;fl;lhakhf ghy];jPd; G+kpia tpl;L ntspNaw;wj; J}z;Lfpd;wJ. ghy];jPdpaHfis ntspNaw;WtJld;> mt;thW ntspNawhjtHfs; jq;fsJ tPLfis GdHepHkhzk; nra;tjw;F mDkjp toq;f kWg;gJld;> Gjpa tPLfisf; fl;bf; nfhs;tjw;Fk; mDkjp kWf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. my; Fj;]; d; kf;fs; njhif rjtpfpjj;ij khw;wp mikf;Fk; nghWl;L> ghy];jPdHfSf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd epyq;fis mgfhpj;J> mjpy; A+jHfSf;fhd FbapUg;Gf;fisf; fl;b mjpy; A+jHfs; jq;f itf;fg;gl;l tz;zk; ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;. vQ;rpapUf;Fk; ,];yhkpa kw;Wk; muG milahsq;fisj; Jilj;njwptjw;fhf efuj;jpy; gy;NtW khw;wq;fis ,];Nuypa muR nra;J tUfpd;wJ. ,];yhkpa tuyhw;Wr; rpd;dq;fs;> gs;spthry;fs; kw;Wk; kz;ziwfs; Nghd;wtw;iw jfHj;J mtw;wpy; Gjpa fl;blq;fisf; fl;Ltjd; %yk; ,e;j khw;wq;fisr; nra;J tUfpd;wJ. muG kw;Wk; ,];Nuypa rpe;jidahsHfspd; fzpg;Gg;gb> my; Fj;]; y; tPw;wpUf;fpd;w k];[pJy; mf;]hitj; jfHj;njwptJ jhd; ,];Nuypa jPtputhjj;jpd; mbg;gil Nehf;fk; vd;W ,];Nuypd; fgl vz;zj;ij NjhYhpf;fpd;whHfs;.

gs;spthry; kPJ njhLf;fg;gl;l jhf;Fjy;fs;

fle;j 1967 Kjy; igj;Jy; Kfj;j]pd; kPJ jdpegHfSk;> ,];Nuypa muRk; gy;NtW tpjkhd jhf;Fjy;fisj; njhLj;jpUf;fpd;whHfs;. mjd; %yk; mjd; epHkhdj;ij jfHg;gjw;Fk;> K];ypk;fis mr;RWj;jp> igj;Jy; Kfj;j]; kw;Wk; my; Fj;]; efuj;jpd; kPjhd chpikia mgfhpj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;W jpl;lkpl;L> A+jHfs; nray;gl;L tUfpd;whHfs;. mtw;wpy; rpytw;iw ehk; ,q;Nf RUf;fkhfj; jUfpd;Nwhk;. tphpthd jfty;fSf;F vkJ ,izaj;jpy; ''r%f mtyq;fs;"" gFjpapy; ghy];jPd; vd;w jiyg;gpw;Fr; nrd;W ghHf;fTk;.

1969> Mf];L khjk; 21 k; Njjpad;W M];jpNuypahitr; NrHe;j ikf;Nfy; Nuh`d; vd;gtd; jd;id 'rHr; M/g; fhl;" vd;w mikg;gpidr; NrHe;jtd; vd;W jd;idg; gpufldg;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L> igj;Jy; Kfj;j]; gs;spia jP itj;Jf; nfhSj;j Kaw;rp nra;jhd;. tpiykjpf;f Kbahj> Mapuk; Mz;Lfs; goiktha;e;j Njf;F kuj;ijf; nfhz;L ]yh`{j;jPd; ma;A+gp - ,dhy; nra;ag;gl;l kpk;gH ([{k;M Fj;ghtpd; nghOJ ,khk; epd;W ciuahw;Wk; gPlk;) Kw;wpYk; NrjKw;wJ. ,J ];ngapdpy; cs;s mypg;Ngh efuj;jpy; ,Ue;J Ry;jhd; ]yh`{j;jPd; ma;A+gp - ,dhy; igj;Jy; Kfj;j]; gs;spf;Ff; nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

1982> mf;NlhgH khjj;jpy;> igj;Jy; Kfj;ji] jfHf;f Kaw;rp Nkw;nfhz;l fr; vd;w ,af;fj;jpd; cWg;gpdH ifJ nra;ag;gl;lhd;. Nahay; nyHdH vd;w me;j A+jd;> Fg;gj;Jy; ]`;uh vd;wiof;fg;glf; $ba gs;spapd; xU gFjpia ntbFz;L itj;Jj; jfHf;f Kaw;rp nra;j nghOJ> ifJ nra;ag;gl;L ,uz;L Mz;Lfs; rpiwapy; milf;fg;gl;lhd;.

1982 Vg;uy; khjj;jpy;> xU ,];Nuypa ,uhZt tPud; k];[pJy; mf;]h gs;spapy; njhOJ nfhz;bUe;j K];ypk;fs; kPJ fz;%br; Rl;ljd; fhuzkhf> gy K];ypk;fs; gLnfhiy nra;ag;gl;lhHfs;> gyH fhakile;jhHfs;. mtd; Gdpjkpf;f Myaj;ij K];ypk;fsplkpUe;J ifg;gw;wNt ,jidr; nra;Njd; vd;whd;. gpd;dH> mtDf;F MAs; jz;lid toq;fg;gl;L> rpiwapy; milf;fg;gl;lhd;.

1983 khHr; 10 k; Njjpad;W> Nka;H fhNd vd;w jPtputhj mikg;igr; NrHe;j 45 egHfs;> k];[pj; my; mf;]h kPJ jhf;Fjy; elj;Jtjw;F jpl;lkpl;lhHfs;. mtHfsJ jpl;lj;ij epiwNtw;Wjtw;F Kd;gjhf Rw;wp tisj;Jf; ifJ nra;ag;gl;lhHfs;. fle;j 15 tUlq;fshf ,J Nghd;w vz;zw;w nfhiy ntwpj; jhf;Fjy;fs; epiwNtwhkNyNa jLf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd.

1983 k; Mz;L A+j ug;gpahd a`{jh nfl;]; vd;gtdJ Kaw;rpahy;> Nkw;Fr; Rtw;wpd; gf;fk; Ruq;fk; Njhz;lg;gl;lJ. ,e;jr; Ruq;fkhdJ gioa efuj;jpd; topahfr; nry;fpd;wJ. ,t;thW Njhz;lg;glf; $ba Ruq;fj;jpd; gzpfis K];ypk;fspd; tf;/g; cWg;gpdHfshy; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l gpd;Gk; $l mjidj; jLj;J epWj;j Kbatpy;iy. ,jd; tpisthf k];[pJy; mf;]htpd; fl;Lkhd cWjp gytPdg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ> ,jd; fhuzkhf gs;spapd; m];jpthukhdJ nfhQ;rk; nfhQ;rkhfj; jdJ cWjpia ,oe;J tUfpd;wJ. NkYk;> ,t;thW Njhz;lg;gl;l Ruq;fj;jpd; gFjpfis 1996 y; ghHitahsHfspd; tUiff;fhfj; jpwe;Jk; tplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

A+jHfspd; cz;ikahd Nehf;fk; vd;dntd;why;> k];[pJy; mf;]h itj; jfHj;J tpl;L> mjd; kPJ ''%d;whtJ Nfhapy;"" vd;gjid mtHfs; epHkhzpf;f tpUk;Gfpd;whHfs;. ,jw;fhf mjd; fl;Lkhzj;ijf; nfhQ;rk; nfhQ;rkhfj; jfHf;Fk; gzpfis A+j ,];Nuypa muR rpwpJ rpwpjhf epiwNtw;wp tUfpd;wJ. ,jw;fhf gy tUlq;fis mJ nrytopf;fTk; jahuhf ,Uf;fpd;wJ. ,];Nuypa murpdhYk;> ,d;Dk; cyfpd; ty;yuRfspd; MjuNthLk; K];ypk;fspd; kPJ gpuNahfpf;fg;gLk; mr;RWj;jy;fSld;> ,e;j k];[pJy; mf;]htpd; jfHg;Gg; gzpfSk; njhlHe;J epiwNtw;wg;gl;L> xU Fwpg;gpl;l ehspy; k];[pJy; mf;]hit KOikahfj; jfHj;J tpLtjw;Fz;lhd Kaw;rpfspy; mtHfs; <Lgl;Ls;shHfs;. ,e;j ,tHfsJ Kaw;rpapy; mtHfs; ntw;wp ngWk; ehs; ntFnjhiytpy; ,y;iy vd;Nw mtHfsJ Kaw;rpfspd; Clhf mwpe;J nfhs;s Kbfpd;wJ. mt;thW eilngw;W tpLkhdhy;> K];ypk;fspd; kPJ fl;ltpo;j;J tplg;gLk; muh[fq;fspD}lhf igj;Jy; Kfj;ji]Ak;> mjd; efukhd my; Fj;]; IAk; K];ypk;fs; nrhe;jk; nfhz;lhLk; tha;g;Gf; $l ,dp fhdy; ePuhfp tplf; $ba #o;epiyfSk; cUthfp tpLk;. fle;j fhyq;fspy;> mtHfspd; Md;kPfj; jiytHfs; gyH jq;fis nki]ah my;yJ %]h vd;W mioj;Jf; nfhz;L> jhq;fs; A+jHfisf; fhg;ghw;Wtjw;Fk; my;yJ k];[pJy; mf;]h ,Ue;j ,lj;jpy; Nfhapy; fl;lTk; gpwg;ngLj;jpUf;fpd;Nwhk; vd;Wk; jq;fis me;j Md;kPfj; jiytHfs; ,dq;fhl;bf; nfhz;lhHfs;. ,e;jg; gpur;idia ikakhf itj;J> ,jid 'n[U]yk; ]pd;;l;Nuhk;" vd;Wk; miof;fpd;whHfs;.

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