mu;u`Pf;Fy; kf;J}k; - mugpau;fs;

Mrphpau;: m\;i\f; ]/gpa;Au; u`;khd;> c.gp.> ,e;jpah

jkpopy; ntspaPL : jhUy; `{jh

• mugpau;fs; tho;e;j ,lq;fSk; mugpa rKjhaq;fSk;

• muG ehl;by; Ml;rp mjpfhuk;

• mugpau;fspd; rka newpfs;

• mwpahikf; fhy mugpar; rKjhak;

‘egp (]y;) mtu;fspd; tho;f;if tuyhW' vd;gJ kdpj rKjhaj;jpw;fhf mtu;fs; nfhz;L te;j ,iwj;J}ijf; Fwpf;Fk; nrhy;yhFk;. jhd; nfhz;L te;j ,iwj;J}ij jq;fspd; nrhy;> nray;> topfhl;ly;> xOf;f khz;Gfs; Mfpatw;wpd; %yk; kdpj Fyj;jpw;F vLj;Jiuj;jhu;fs;. me;j ,iwj;J}Jj;Jtj;jhy; kdpj tho;tpd; msTNfhy;fis Kw;wpYkhf khw;wpdhu;fs;; jPikfisf; fise;J ed;ikfis Nghjpj;jhu;fs;; ,Uistpl;L kf;fis mfw;wp xspia Nehf;fp mioj;J te;jhu;fs;. gilg;gpdq;fis tzq;FtjpypUe;J kdpjid KOikahf tpLtpj;J> gilg;ghsdhfpa xNu ,iwtid tzq;Fk;gb nra;jhu;fs;. RUq;ff;$wpd;> ,t;Tyfpy; newp jtwp tho;e;j kdpjdpd; tho;f;ifg; ghijia khw;wp nrk;ikahd mofpa ghijapy; mtid thor;nra;jhu;fs;.

‘mug;' vd;w nrhy;Yf;F ghiytdk;> nghl;ly; g+kp> (kuk;> nrb nfhbfs;> jz;zPu; ,y;yhj) twl;rpahd epyg;gug;G vdg; gy mu;j;jq;fs; cs;sd. ePz;l fhykhf mugpa jPgfw;gj;Jf;Fk; (,d;iwa ]¥jp) mq;F trpg;gtu;fSf;Fk; ,g;ngau; $wg;gLfpwJ.

Nkw;$wg;gl;l my; muGy; Mgh vd;gtu;fs; f`;jhd; tkprj;jpy; te;j akd; thrpfs;. ,tu;fsJ Nfhj;jpuq;fs; ]gh ,g;D a\;[{g; ,g;D a/Ug; ,g;D f`;jhd; vd;gtd; top te;jitahFk;. ,e;j Nfhj;jpuq;fspy; 1) `pk;au; ,g;D ]gh> 2) f`;yhd; ,g;D ]gh vd;w ,uz;L Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; kl;Lk; gpugykhdtu;fs;. `pk;au;> f`;yhd; ,Utiuj; jtpu ]ghTf;F gjpndhd;W my;yJ gjpdhd;F gps;isfs; ,Ue;jdu;. mtu;fSf;Fk; mtu;fsJ top te;jtu;fSf;Fk; ‘]gh tkprj;jpdu;' vd;Nw $wg;gl;lJ. mtu;fSf;nfd jdpg; ngau; nfhz;l Nfhj;jpuq;fs; VJk; cUthftpy;iy.

2) ]fh]pf;: ,tu;fs; i[J ,g;D thk;yh ,g;D `pk;au; vd;gtd; re;jjpapdu; Mtu;. ,jpy; `pk;ahpd; Nguuhd i[J vd;gtu; ‘]fh]pf;' vd;w Gidg; ngauhy; miof;fg;gl;lhu;. (gpd;dhy; $wg;glTs;s f`;yhd; tk;rj;jpy; Njhd;wpa fpd;jh vd;w gphptpy; $wg;gLk; ]fh]pf; vd;gtu; NtW. ,q;F $wg;gl;Ls;s i[J ]fh]pf; vd;gtu; NtW.)

Nuhku;fs; mf;fhyj;jpy; kp];u;> \hk; Mfpa ,U ehLfisAk; ifg;gw;wp f`;yhd; tkprj;jpdhpd; fly; kw;Wk; jiutop tpahghuq;fisj; jLj;jdu;. ,jdhy; f`;yhd; tkprj;jpdhpd; tzpfq;fs; ngUksT erpe;jd. ,jdhYk; mtu;fs; akdpypUe;J Fbngau;e;J NghapUf;fyhk;. mj;NjhL ]gh gFjpapy; ‘my;muPk;' vd;w nts;sg; ngUf;F Vw;gl;lJ. mjdhYk; rpy fhyj;jpw;Fg;gpwF mtu;fs; akdpypUe;J Fbngau;e;J NghapUf;fyhk; vd;W $wg;gLfpwJ. ,t;thW f`;yhd; tkprj;jpdu; akd; ehl;il tpl;L ntspNawpajw;F rpyu; rpy fhuzq;fis $wpdhYk;> nts;sg;ngUf;F Vw;gLtjw;F Kd;gpUe;Nj ,tu;fspd; tzpfq;fs; erpe;J NghapUe;jd. njhlu;e;J ]gh ehl;by; nts;sg;ngUf;F Vw;gl;L tptrhaq;fSk;> fhy;eilfSk; KOikahf mope;Jtpl;ljhy; ]gh gFjpapy; ,tu;fshy; tho;f;ifiaj; njhlu Kbatpy;iy. ,jdhYk; mtu;fs; mq;fpUe;J ntspNawp ,Uf;fyhk; vd rpyu; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdu;.

Nkd;ikkpF Fu;Mdpy; ‘]gh' vDk; mj;jpahaj;jpy; ,lk;ngw;wpUf;Fk; 15-19 Mfpa trdq;fs; ,tu;fspd; $w;iw cWjp nra;fpwJ.

,tu;fs; jq;fspd; jiytu; ‘,k;uhd; ,g;D mk;u; Ki[f;fpah/' vd;gtd; MNyhridf;fpzq;f ehL Jwe;jdu;. ,tu;fs; akd; ehl;bd; gy gFjpfSf;F nrd;W Rw;wpg; ghu;j;J> jq;fSf;F tpUg;gkhd gFjpfspy; jq;fpdu;. ,t;tkprj;jpy; ahu; vq;F jq;fpdu; vd;w tpguq;fs; gpd;tUkhW:

,k;uhd; ,g;D mk;u; vd;gtu; jdJ FLk;gj;Jld; ‘ckhd;' (Xkd;) ehl;by; nrd;W jq;fpdhu;. ,tu;fis ckhd; ehl;L m[;J tkprj;jpdu; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLfpd;wJ.

e];u; ,g;D m[;J FLk;gj;jpdu; ‘J`hkh' vd;w ,lj;jpw;Fr; nrd;W jq;fpdu;. ,tu;fis \D}M m[;J tkprj;jpdu; vdf; $wg;gLk;.

]/ygh ,g;D mk;u; Ki[fpah/ vd;gtu; `p [h]; gFjpf;Fr; nrd;W ‘]/ygpah' kw;Wk; ‘J} fhu;' vd;w ,lq;fSf;fpilapy; jdJ FLk;gj;Jld; jq;fpdhu;. mtuJ gps;isfs; Ngud;fs; nghpatu;fshfp ed;F typik ngw;wTld; mq;fpUe;J Gwg;gl;L kjPdh efu; te;J jq;fpdhu;. ,e;j ]/yghTila kfd; `h]htpd; gps;isfs;jhd; mt;];> f];u[; vd;w ,UtUk;. ,t;tpUty; ,Ue;Nj mt;];> f];u[; vd;w ,U tkprq;fs; Njhd;wpd.

m[;J tkprj;ij Nru;e;j `h]h ,g;D mk;u; FLk;gj;jpdu; `p [h]; gFjpapy; ‘ku;Uy; s`;uhd;' vd;Dk; ,lj;jpy; jq;fpdu;. rpwpJ fhyj;jpw;Fg; gpd; kf;fh kPJ gilnaLj;J mq;F trpj;j [{u;`{k; tkprj;jtu;fis ntspNaw;wp tpl;L kf;fhit jq;fsJ Cuhf Mf;fpf; nfhz;ldu;. ,e;j `h]htpd; tkprj;jpw;F ‘F[hM' vd;w ngaUk; cz;L.

[/g;dh ,g;D mk;u; vd;gtu; jdJ FLk;gj;Jld; rphpah nrd;W jq;fpdhu;. ,tuJ re;jjpapdu;jhd; tUq;fhyj;jpy; rphpahit Ml;rp nra;j f];]hdpa kd;du;fs; Mtu;. rphpah tUtjw;F Kd; [/g;dh ,g;D mk;u; `p [h]; gFjpapy; cs;s ‘f];]hd;' vd;w fpzw;Wf;fUfpy; FbNawp rpy fhyk; jq;fpapUe;jdu;. ,jd; fhuzkhfNt gpw;fhyj;jpy; ,tu;fSf;F ‘f];]hdpau;' vd;w ngaUk; te;jJ.

,tu;fs; fpof;F kw;Wk; tlf;F ehLfspy; Fbngau;e;jdu;. yf;k; tkprj;jpy; te;j e];u; ,g;D ugPM vd;gtd; re;jjpapdu;jhd; ‘`Puh' ehl;il Mz;l muru;fs;. me;j muru;fis ‘Kdhjpuh' vd;W miof;fg;gl;lJ.

m[;J tkprj;jpdu; akdpypUe;J Fbngau;e;jTld; ,e;j Nfhj;jpuj;jpdUk; mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpd; tlf;F gFjpf;Fr; nrd;W m[/> ry;kh vd;w ,U kiyfSf;fpilapy; FbNawpdu;. gpw;fhyj;jpy; me;j kiyfSf;F ‘ija; kiyfs;' vd;w ngau; te;jJ.

,e;j Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; g`;iudpy; FbNawpdu;. mq;F mtu;fSf;Fg; gy rpukq;fs; Vw;glNt kPz;Lk; akd; ehl;by; ‘`o;u kt;j;' vDk; efhpy; FbNawpdu;. mq;Fk; mtu;fSf;F rpukq;fs; Vw;glNt> mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpd; e[;J gFjpapy; FbNawp xU ngUk; murhq;fj;ij epWtpdu;. Mdhy;> rpy fhyq;fSf;Fs;shfNt mtu;fsJ murhq;fk; mope;J RtLfs; njhpahky; Nghapw;W.

`pk;au; tkprj;ijr; Nru;e;j ‘FohM' vd;w Nfhj;jpuj;jhu; akdpypUe;J ntspNawp ‘k\h/Gy; ,uhf;' vd;w gFjpapy; ‘ghjpaj;J]; ]khth' vd;Dk; Chpy; FbNawpdu;. FohM tkprj;ijr; Nru;e;j rpy gphptpdu; ‘k\h/G\; \hk;' vd;w gFjpapYk; `p [h]; khepyj;jpd; tlf;Fg; gFjpapYk; FbNawpdu;.

,jw;F Kd; $wg;gl;l my; muGy; K];j/ghtpd; Kjd; Kjyhd ghl;ldhu; egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) Mthu;fs;. egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; ,uhf; ehl;by; /Guhj; ejpapd; Nkw;F fiuapy; $/ghtpw;F mUfhikapy; cs;s ‘cu;' vd;w Ciur; Nru;e;jtu;fs;. egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fspd; FLk;gk;> cu; kw;Wk; mij Rw;wpAs;s Cu;fspd; rka r%f gz;ghLfs; Fwpj;J gy tphpthd jfty;fs; mfo;thuha;r;rpfs; kw;Wk; njhy; nghUs; Muha;r;rpfs; %yk; fpilj;Js;sd.

,e;epfo;r;rpf;Fg; gpd; ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) jq;fspd; trpg;gplkhd /gy];jPdj;jpw;Fj; jpUk;gpdhu;fs;. mq;F `h[hpd; %ykhf ‘,];khaPy;' vd;w Nkd;ikf;Fhpa xU kfid> my;yh`; ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fSf;F toq;fpdhd;. gpwF my;yh`;tpd; fl;lisf;F ,zq;f ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) jq;fsJ kfd; ,];khaPy; (miy) kw;Wk; `h[iu mioj;Jf; nfhz;L kf;fh te;jhu;fs;.

mf;fhyj;jpy; mq;F ,iw ,y;ykhd ‘fmgh' fl;llkhf ,Uf;ftpy;iy. fmgh ,Ue;j ,lk; rw;W caukhd Fd;iwg;Nghy; ,Ue;jJ. nts;sk; tUk;NghJ fmgh ,Ue;j me;j Nkl;Lg; gFjpapd; tyJ ,lJ ,U Xuq;fisj; jz;zPu; mhpj;J te;jJ. fmgj;Jy;yh`;tpd; mUfpypUe;j Xu; mlu;j;jpahd ku epoypy; mt;tpUtiuAk; mku itj;J> rpwpJ NguPj;jq;fdpfs; ,Ue;j xU igiaAk;> jz;zPu; cs;s xU JUj;jpiaAk; mt;tpUtUf;fhf toq;fptpl;L> ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) /gy];jPdk; jpUk;gpdhu;fs;. rpy ehl;fspy; mt;tpUthpd; czthd NguPj;jq;fdpfSk; jz;zPUk; jPu;e;Jtpl;ld. my;yh`; jdJ mUspdhy; grpiaAk; jhfj;ijAk; Nghf;Fk; mw;Gjkhd ‘[k;[k;' Cw;iw mt;tpUtUf;fhf Njhd;wr; nra;jhd;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

,f;fhyj;jpy; ,uz;lhtJ [{u;`{k; vd;w akd; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; kf;fh topNa tUk;NghJ (jz;zPu; ,Ug;gijg; ghu;j;J) mq;F trpf;f tpUk;gp md;id `h[hplk; mDkjp ngw;W jq;fpdu;. rpy tuyhw;W Mrphpau;fs; ‘‘,e;j ,uz;lhtJ [{u;`{k; tkprj;jpdu; Kd;gpUe;Nj kf;fhitr; Rw;wpAs;s gs;sj;jhf;Ffspy; trpj;J te;jdu; vd;Wk; kf;fhtpy; md;id `h[u; FbNawp> [k;[k; fpzW Njhd;wpaTld; jhq;fs; trpj;J te;j gs;sj;jhf;Ffis tpl;L ntspNawp kf;fhtpy; FbNawpdu;'' vd;Wk; $Wfpwhu;fs;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

MfNt> mt;tpUtUk; (,iwtdpd; tpUg;gj;jpw;F) Kw;wpYk; topg;gl;L> (,g;wh`Pk; jd; kfd; ,];khaPiy mWj;Jg; gypapl) Kfq;Fg;Gwf; fplj;jpaNghJ ehk; ‘‘,g;wh`PNk!'' vd ehk; mioj;J ‘‘cz;ikahfNt ePq;fs; cq;fSila fdit nka;ahf;fp itj;Jtpl;Bu;fs; vd;Wk;> ed;ik nra;gtUf;F ehk; ,t;thNw $yp nfhLg;Nghk;'' vd;Wk; $wp> ‘‘epr;rakhf ,J kfj;jhdnjhU ngUk; NrhjidahFk;'' (vd;Wk; $wpNdhk;). MfNt> kfj;jhdnjhU gypia mtUf;F gfukhf;fpNdhk;. (my;Fu;Md; 37 : 103-107)

,];`hf;iftpl ,];khaPy; (miy) gjp%d;W Mz;Lfs; %j;jtu; vd;W jt;whj;" Ntjj;jpy; ‘jf;tPd;' vd;w mj;jpahaj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. NkYk;> ,r;rk;gtj;ijg; gw;wp tpthpf;Fk; Fu;Md; trdq;fspypUe;J ,e;epfo;r;rp ,];`hf; (miy) gpwg;gjw;F Kd; ele;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;Nw njhpfpwJ. Vnddpy;> Nkd;ikkpF Fu;Mdpy; egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fis mWj;Jg; gypapl Kad;w epfo;r;rp KOJk; $wg;gl;l gpwF mijaLj;Nj ,];`hf; (miy) gpwg;ghu; vd;w ew;nra;jp $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.

,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; kPz;Lk; kidtpiaAk; kfidAk; re;jpg;gjw;F kf;fh te;jNghJ kidtp ,we;j nra;jpiaj; njhpe;J nfhz;lhu;fs;. ,];khaPy; (miy) mg;NghJ kf;fhtpy; ,y;iy. ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fspd; kidtpaplk; jdJ kfidg; gw;wpAk; mt;tpUthpd; tho;f;if> Rfeyd;fs; gw;wpAk; tprhhpj;jhu;fs;. mg;ngz;Nzh jq;fsJ ,y;yw neUf;fbiaAk; tWikiaAk; gw;wp Kiwapl;lhu;. mijf; Nfl;l egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; ‘‘,];khaPy; te;jhy;> jdJ tPl;L thry; epiyia khw;w Ntz;Lk; vd;W ehd; $wpajhf> mthplk; eP nrhy;!'' vd;W nrhy;yptpl;L nrd;whu;fs;. ,];khaPy; (miy) tPL jpUk;gpaTld; mg;ngz; ele;j epfo;r;rpia tptj;jhu;. jdJ je;ij $wpa fUj;jpd; Nehf;fj;ijg; Ghpe;J nfhz;L mg;ngz;iz ,];khaPy; (miy) kztpyf;F nra;Jtpl;lhu;. mjw;Fg; gpwF [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jhhpd; jiytu; ‘Kohj; ,g;D mk;u;' vd;gtd; kfisj; jpUkzk; nra;jhu;.

3) ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fs; ,uz;lhtjhf jpUkzk; nra;J nfhz;lgpd; egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; kf;fh te;jhu;fs;. mg;NghJk; ,];khaPy; (miy) tPl;by; ,y;iy. egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) jdJ kUkfsplk; kfidg; gw;wpAk; FLk;g epiyiag; gw;wpAk; tprhhpj;jhu;fs;. mjw;F ‘‘my;yh`;tpd; mUshy; ehq;fs; eyKld; ,Uf;fpNwhk;'' vd;W mtu; gjpyspj;jhu;. mijf; Nfl;l egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; ‘‘,];khaPy; (miy) te;jhy; jdJ tPl;L thrypd; epiyia jf;f itj;Jf; nfhs;sl;Lk; vd;W ehd; $wpajhf> ,];khaPyplk; nrhy;!'' vd;W nrhy;yptpl;L /gy];jPdk; nrd;whu;fs;.

[h]pd; tlf;Fg; gFjpapy; ehgpj; vd;gtd; gps;isfs; ed;F tsu;r;rp ngw;W Kd;Ndwp ‘gj;uh' vd;w Ciu jiyefuhff; nfhz;L tYkpf;f Xu; murhq;fj;ij epWtpdu;. ,e;efuk; (cu;Jd;) N[hu;lhdpd; njw;Nf tuyhw;Wg; Gfo; tha;e;j goq;fhy efukhFk;. ,tu;fspd; murhl;rpf;F gzpe;Nj mq;Fs;Nshu; tho;e;jdu;. ,tu;fis mg;NghJ tho;e;j vtuhYk; ,tu;fis vjpu;f;fNth> Gwf;fzpf;fNth Kbatpy;iy. ,Wjpahf Nuhku;fs; ,tu;fspd; murhq;fj;ij mopj;jdu;. ,e;j ehgpj;jpd; tkprj;jpw;F ‘epgpj;jp tkprk;' vd;w kw;nwhU ngaUk; cz;L. rphpahtpy; Ml;rp nra;j f];]hd; tkprj;J muru;fSk; kjpdhtpy; trpj;j mt;];> f];u[; tkprj;jpdUk; ,e;j ehgpj; ,g;D ,];khaPypd; FLk;gj;ij Nru;e;jtu;fs; vd tkpr Ma;thsu;fspd; xU $l;lj;jpdu; $Wfpd;wdu;. ,e;j tkprj;ijr; Nru;e;j gyu; me;j Cu;fspy; ,d;Wk; trpf;fpd;wdu;. ,khk; Gfhhp (u`;) jq;fsJ E}ypy; egp ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fSld; akd; ehl;L njhlu;G (cwT) vd;W xU ghlj;ij Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shu;. mg;ghlj;jpy; jiyg;Gf;F nghUj;jkhd rpy egpnkhopfis vOjp> jdJ fUj;Jf;F typik Nru;j;Js;shu;.

rpy mwptpg;Gfspy; te;Js;sjhtJ: egp (]y;) mtu;fs; jq;fspd; tkpr jiyKiwfis Fwpg;gpLk;NghJ mj;dhd; ngau; te;jTld; epWj;jpf; nfhz;L> ‘‘,jw;F Nky; tkpr jiyKiwia $wpatu;fs; ngha;Aiuj;J tpl;ldu;'' vd;W $Wthu;fs;.

‘‘mj;dhd; kw;Wk; egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fSf;fpilapy; ehw;gJ jiyKiwfs; cs;sd'' vd;W gpugykhd tuyhw;W mwpQu; ,g;D ]mJ (u`;) $Wfpwhu;. ,f;fhy mwpQu;fspy; ngUk; Ma;thsuhf tpsq;Fk; K`k;kJ Riykhd; vd;gtUk; ,f;fUj;ijNa rhpfhz;fpwhu;. NkYk;> ,khk; jghp kw;Wk; k];¥jp jq;fspd; gy fUj;Jf;fspy; ,jidAk; xd;whf $wpAs;shu;fs;.

kmjpd; kfd; e[hu; vd;gtu; %yk; gy FLk;gq;fs; Njhd;wpd. (kmJf;F ‘e[hu;' vd;w xU kfd; kl;Lk;jhd; ,Ue;jhu; vd;W rpyu; $wpAs;sdu;.)

egp (]y;) mtu;fs; $wpdhu;fs;: epr;rakhf my;yh`; ,g;wh`PKila gps;isfspy; ,];khaPiyj; Nju;T nra;jhd;. ,];khaPYila gps;isfspy; ‘fpdhdh' FLk;gj;ijj; Nju;T nra;jhd;. fpdhdh FLk;gj;jpy; Fiw\pau;fisj; Nju;T nra;jhd;. Fiw\pau;fspy; `h\pk; FLk;gj;ijj; Nju;T nra;jhd;. (]`P`; K];ypk;)

mj;dhd; re;jjpapdUila vz;zpf;if gy;fpg; ngUfpaNghJ mtu;fs; kio tsk;> gRik> nropg;Gkpf;f ,lq;fisj;Njb muG ehl;bd; gy gFjpfSf;Fr; nrd;wdu;. mg;J if];> gf;U ,g;D thapy; kw;Wk; jkPk; Mfpa re;jjpapdu; g`;iudpYk;> `dP/gh ,g;D myP ,g;D gf;u; FLk;gj;jpdu; ‘akhkh' nrd;W mq;Fs;s ‘`{[;u;' gFjpapYk; FbNawpdu;. (`{[;u; vd;gJ akhkhtpd; xU efukhFk;.) gf;u; ,g;D thapypd; Vida FLk;gq;fs; akhkh> g`;iud;> i]/g; fhspkh> mjd; mUfhikapYs;s flw;gFjp> ,uhf;fpd; fpuhkg;Gwq;fs; Mfpa ,lq;fspy; FbNawpdu;.

jq;ypg; FLk;gj;jtu;fs; ‘/Guhj;' ejpf;fiuapy; FbNawpdu;. mtu;fspy; xU gphptpdu; gf;u; FLk;gj;jhUf;F mUfpy; trpj;jdu;. gD} jkPk; FLk;gj;jtu;fs; g]uhtpYk; mjd; fpuhkg; gFjpfspYk; trpj;jdu;.

m]j; FLk;gj;jpdu; ‘jPkh/' efuj;jpd; fpof;Fg; gFjpYk; ‘$/gh' efuj;jpd; Nkw;Fg; gFjpapYk; trpj;jdu;. mtu;fSf;Fk; jPkh/Tf;FkpilNa ‘ja;k;' Nfhj;jpuj;ijr; Nru;e;j G`;j;Ju; FLk;gj;jtu;fspd; FbapUg;Gfs; mike;jpUe;jd. mt;¥Uf;Fk; $/ghTf;F kpilapy; Ie;J ehl;fSf;F chpa eilJ}uk; ,Ue;jJ. jpg;ahd; FLk;gj;jtu;fs; jPkh Kjy; `t;uhd; efuk; tiuapYk; fpdhdhtpd; re;jjpapdu; ‘jp`hkh' gFjpapYk; trpj;jdu;. kf;fhtpYk; mjd; Rw;Wg;Gwq;fspYk; Fiw\p FLk;gj;jtu;fs; trpj;jdu;. mtu;fs; xw;Wik ,d;wp gythwhfg; gphpe;J tho;e;jdu;. F]a;k; ,g;D fpyhg; mtu;fis xUq;fpizj;J Fiw\paUf;nfd jdpg;ngUk; rpwg;GfisAk; cau;TfisAk; ngw;Wj; je;jhu;.

‘my; muGy; Mgh' vDk; mugpau;fs; ‘]gh $l;lj;jpdu;' vd akdpy; Gfo; ngw;wpUe;j kpfg;goikahdtu;fs;. mtu;fs; fp.K. 25 Mk; E}w;whz;Lf;F Kd; tho;e;jjhf ‘mt;u;' vDk; efhpy; elj;jpa mfo;thuha;r;rpapy; rhd;Wfs; fpilj;Js;sd. fp.K. 11 Mk; E}w;whz;by; mtu;fsJ Ml;rpAk; Mjpf;fKk; nropg;gila Muk;gpj;jJ.

,f;fhyfl;lj;jpy; mtu;fsJ ehL ‘kaPdpa;ah' vd miof;fg;gl;lJ. e[;uhDf;Fk; `ou kt;j;Jf;FkpilNa cs;s ‘[t;/g;' vDk; gFjpapy; mtu;fsJ Ml;rp Njhd;wp tsu;r;rp ngw;W `p[h]pd; tl gFjpahd ‘kMd;' kw;Wk; ‘cyh' tiu gutpapUe;jJ.

,f;fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; mtu;fsJ muru;fs; ‘kf;G ]g/' vDk; Gidg;ngauhy; miof;fg;gl;ldu;. mtu;fsJ jiyefuk; ]pu;th`; MFk;. k/g; vDk; efypUe;J tl Nkw;fpy; 50 fpNyh kPl;lu; njhiytpYk; ]d;MTf;Ff; fpof;Nf 142 fpNyh kPl;lu; njhiytpYk; me;efuj;jpd; rpjpyq;fs; fhzf;fpilf;fpd;wd. me;efuk; ,d;W ‘Fiugh' vDk; ngahpy; mwpag;gLfpwJ. ,t;turu;fspd; vz;zpf;if 22 ypUe;J 26 tiu ,Ue;jJ.

akd; ehl;L murhl;rp ,f;fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; ‘]gh' vd miof;fg;gl;lJ. ,f;fhyj;jpy; Ml;rp nra;jtu;fs; ‘kf;g;' vd;w jq;fsJ Gidg; ngaiuj; jtpu;j;J tpl;lhu;fs;. mjd; Ml;rpahsu;fis ]gh kd;du;fs; vd miof;fg;gl;lJ. ‘]pu;th' vd;w efUf;F gjpyhf ‘k/ug;' vd;w efiu jq;fsJ jiyefuhf;fpf; nfhz;ldu;. k/ug; efuj;jpd; rpije;j fl;llq;fs; ‘]d;M' efhpd; fpof;Nf 192 fpNyh kPl;lu; njhiytpy; ,d;Wk; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

,f;fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; me;ehL ‘Kjyhk; `pk;ahpa;ah muR' vd;w ngahpy; miof;fg;gl;lJ. Vnddpy;> `pk;au; Fyj;jtu; ]ghit ntw;wp nfhz;L jq;fsJ Mjpf;fj;jpd; fPo; nfhz;L te;jdu;. Kd;G me;ehl;il Ml;rp nra;jtu;fs; ‘]gh' muru;fs; kw;Wk; ‘J}iujhd;' muru;fnsd miof;fg;gl;ldu;. ,k;kd;du;fs; ‘k/ug;'f;F gjpyhf iujhd; vd;gij jq;fsJ jiyefuhf mikj;Jf; nfhz;ldu;. iujhd; efUf;F ‘sp/ghu;' vd;w kw;nwhU ngaUk; cz;L. me;efhpd; rpijTfs; ‘au;ak;'f;F rkPgkhf kJ}u; vDk; kiyapd; mUfhikapy; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,f;fhyj;jpy;jhd; ]gh muRf;F mopTk; tPo;r;rpAk; Muk;gkhapd. mtu;fspd; tzpfq;fSk; erpe;jd.

mjw;Fhpa fhuzq;fshtd: 1) ‘epg;j;' ,dj;jtu; `p[h]pd; tlgFjpapy; jq;fsJ Mjpf;fj;ij tphpTgLj;jpdu;. 2) Nuhku;fs; kp];u; (vfpg;J)> \hk; (rphpah) kw;Wk; `p[h]pd; tlgFjpia xl;bAs;s efuq;fspy; jq;fsJ Mjpf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jp akd; ehl;L muru;fspd; tpahghuj;jpw;fhd fly;khu;f;fj;ijAk; milj;J tpl;ldu;. 3) mtu;fsJ Nfhj;jpuq;fSf;Fs; rz;il rr;ruTfs; Njhd;wpd. Mf> ,k;%d;W fhuzq;fshy; mtu;fsJ Ml;rp tPo;r;rp fz;lJ. NkYk;> f`;jhd; tkprj;jtu;fs; akd; ehl;il Jwe;J J}ukhd ehLfspy; Fbngau;e;jdu;.

,f;fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; me;ehL ‘,uz;lhk; `pk;ahpa;ah muR' vd miof;fg;gl;lJ. mg;NghJ Ml;rp nra;jtu;fs; ]g/> J}iujhd;> `ou kt;j;> ak;Dj; muru;fs; vd miof;fg;gl;ldu;. ,f;fhyj;jpy; cs;ehl;L Fog;gq;fs;> FLk;gr; rz;ilfs;> Gul;rpfs; njhlu;r;rpahf epfo;e;jd. mjd; fhuzkhf mtu;fsJ murhl;rp KbTf;F te;jJ. ,f;fhyj;jpy; Nuhku;fs; ‘mj;d;' efiuf; ifg;gw;wpdu;. `k;jhd; kw;Wk; `pk;au; Fyj;jtilNa ,Ue;j Nghl;biag; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L Nuhku;fspd; cjtpAld; `g\pau;fs; Kjd; Kjyhf fp.gp. 340y; akd; ehl;il ifg;gw;wpdu;. ,tu;fspd; Ml;rp fp.gp. 378 tiu ePbj;jJ. mjw;Fg;gpd; me;ehL `g\pau;fspd; Mjpf;fj;jpypUe;J Rje;jpukile;jJ. fp.gp. 450 my;yJ 451y; khngUk; nts;sg; gpusak; Vw;gl;L mtu;fsJ efuq;fs; ngUj;j Nrjk; mile;jjhy;> efuq;fisj; Jwe;J gy ,lq;fSf;Fr; nrd;W FbNawpdu;. ,t;nts;sg; gpusaj;ij ‘irYy; mhpk;' vd Nkd;ikkpF Fu;Md; $WfpwJ.

fp.gp. 523k; Mz;by; akd; ehl;il Ml;rp nra;j ‘J} Eth];' vd;w åjf; nfhLq;Nfhyd; e[;uhd; tho; fpU];Jtu;fs; kPJ nfh^ukhd jhf;Fjiyj; njhLj;jhd;. mtu;fis gyte;jkhf fpU];Jt kjj;jpypUe;J khw;wpl Kide;jhd;. mtu;fs; kWj;jjd; fhuzkhf ngUk; mfo;fisj; Njhz;b neUg;Gf; Fz;lj;ij tsu;j;J> mjDs; mtu;fis tPrp vwpe;jhd;. ,J Fwpj;J my;yh`; jdJ mUs;kiwapy; gpd;tUkhW Fwpg;gpLfpwhd;:

Nuhk; kd;du;fs; `g\pau;fisj; J}z;btpl;L mtu;fSf;nfd fg;gy; kw;Wk; glFfisj; jahu;nra;J nfhLj;jhu;fs;. mjd; fhuzkhf ‘mu;ahj;' vd;gtd; jiyikapy; `g\htpypUe;J 70>000 tPuu;fs; akd; te;jpwq;fp fp.gp 525k; Mz;L mjid ,uz;lhtJ Kiwahf ifg;gw;wpdu;. mu;ahj; fp.gp 549 tiu `g\h kd;dd; ftu;duhf ,Ue;jhd;. mu;ahj;jpd; jsgjpfspy; xUtdhd ‘mg;u`h ,g;D ]g;gh`; my; m\;uk;' vd;gtd; mu;ahij tQ;rfkhff; nfhiy nra;Jtpl;L `g\h kd;dd; xg;GjYld; jd;id murdhf mwptpj;Jf; nfhz;lhd;. ,e;j mg;u`hjhd; ,iwapy;ykhd fmghit ,bf;f giliaj; jpul;batd;. mtDk; mtdJ ahidg; gilapdUk; ‘m];`hGy; /gPy;' vd mwpag;gLfpd;wdu;. me;epfo;r;rpf;Fg;gpd; ]d;M jpUk;gpa mtid my;yh`; mopj;njhopj;jhd;. mtDf;Fg; gpwF mtDila kfd; ‘af;]_k;' vd;gtDk; mjw;Fg; gpwF ,uz;lhtJ kfd; ‘k];&f;' vd;gtDk; akid Ml;rp nra;jdu;. ,e;j ,UtUk; jq;fsJ je;ijiatpl Fbkf;fisf; nfhLik nra;Ak; kpff; nfhba nfhLq;Nfhyu;fshf ,Ue;jdu;.

ahid rk;gtj;jpw;Fg;gpd; fp.gp. 575y; akdpau;> kmjP fg i]/g; ,g;D J} a[pd; my;`pk;ahpd; jiyikapd; fPo; ghurPfu;fspd; cjtpAld; akid Mf;fpukpj;jpUe;j `g\pau;fis vjpu;j;Jg; Nghhpl;L mtu;fis akdpypUe;J ntspNaw;wp> mijj; jq;fsJ fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs; nfhz;L te;jdu;. mtiuj; jq;fsJ muruhfTk; Vw;Wf; nfhz;ldu;. ‘kmjP fg' jdf;F Copak; nra;aTk; gazq;fspy; Jizahf ,Ug;gjw;fhfTk; xU `g\pg; giliaj; jd;Dld; itj;jpUe;jhu;. mtiu mtu;fs; jpBnudj; jhf;fp tQ;rfkhff; nfhd;W tpl;ldu;. mtuJ kuzj;Jld; ‘J} a[pd;' FLk;g Ml;rp KbTf;F te;jJ.

,uhf;ifAk; mijr; Rw;wpAs;s gFjpfisAk; ‘$&\{y; fgPu;' vd;gtd; jiyikapd; fPo; fp.K. 557ypUe;J fp.K. 529 tiu ghurPfu;fs; Ml;rp nra;jdu;. mtu;fis vtuhYk; tPo;j;j Kbatpy;iy. ,Wjpahf> ghurPfu;fspd; muruhd ‘jhuh' vd;gtiu ‘,];fe;jUy; kf;J}dp' vd;gtu; fp.K. 326y; Njhw;fbj;jhu;. NkYk; ghurPfu;fspd; Mjpf;fj;ijAk; typikiaAk; Kwpabj;J mtu;fsJ efuq;fis rpd;dh gpd;dkhf;fpdhu;. gpwF jthap/g; vd;w ngaUila muru;fs; me;ehl;il gy gFjpfshff; gphpj;J fp.gp. 230 tiu Ml;rp nra;jdu;. ,tu;fsJ Ml;rp fhyj;jpy; f`;jhd; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; ,uhf;fpd; rpy fpuhk gFjpfisf; ifg;gw;wpdu;. mijj; njhlu;e;J mtu;fSf;Fg; Nghl;bahf mj;dhd; Nfhj;jpuj;jhu;fSk; /Guhj; ejpf;fiuapd; rpy gFjpfspy; FbNawpdu;.

,t;thW Fbngau;e;jtu;fspy; KjyhtJ muruhf ,Ue;jtu; f`;jhd; tkprj;ij Nru;e;j ‘khypf; ,g;D /g`;k; mj;jD}fp' vd;gtuhthu;. ‘md;ghu;' my;yJ mjw;F mUfpYs;s gFjp mtuJ Ml;rpapd; jiyikafkhfj; jpfo;e;jJ. mtUf;Fg; gpwF mtuJ rNfhjuu; mk;U ,g;D /g`;k; Ml;rp nra;jhu;. rpyu; ‘mg;u\;> to;oh`;' vd;W miof;fg;gl;l ‘[{ijkh ,g;D /g`;k;' vd;w mtuJ rNfhjuu; Ml;rp nra;jhu; vdf; $Wfpd;wdu;.

fp.gp. 226-Mk; Mz;L ]h]hdpah muir cUthf;fpa ‘mu;J\Pu; ,g;D ghgf;' vd;w kd;dd; fhyj;jpy; ,uz;lhtJ Kiwahf ghurPfu;fs; ,uhf; ehl;il ifg;gw;wpdu;. mk;kd;du; ghurPfu;fis xd;wpizj;J ehl;bd; vy;iyg; Gwq;fspy; tho;e;J te;j mugpau;fis mlf;fp mtu;fs; kPJ jdJ Mjpf;fj;ij epiyehl;bdhu;. `Puh ehl;ltu;fSk; md;ghu; efuj;ij Nru;e;jtu;fSk; mtUf;Ff; fPo;g;gbe;jhu;fs;. Mdhy;> FohM Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; jq;fsJ Cu;fisj; Jwe;J \hk; ehl;Lf;F Fbngau;e;jdu;.

mu;j\PUila fhyj;jpy; `Puh kw;Wk; ,uhf;fpy; tho;e;j fpuhkj;jtu;fs; kw;Wk; mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpy; tho;e;j ugPM> Kou; MfpNahu; kPJ ‘[{ijkj;Jy; to;oh`;' vd;gtu; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;jpdhu;. mjhtJ mugpau;fs; kPJ Neubahf Ml;rp nra;tJk; mtu;fspd; jhf;Fjy;fspypUe;J jdJ ehl;ilf; fhg;gJk; mu;j\PUf;F kpFe;j rpukkhfj; Njhd;wpaJ. MfNt> mugpau;fspNyNa xUtiuj; Nju;e;njLj;J mtiu muruhf;fpdhy; mtu; jdf;F cWJizahfTk; cjtpahfTk; mikthu; vd vz;zpdhu;. NkYk;> jd;id mr;RWj;jpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; Nuhku;fis vjpu;nfhs;s me;j mugpfspd; cjtpiag; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s KbAnkdTk; jpl;lkpl;lhu;. mJkl;Lkpd;wp Nuhku;fSf;F cjtp nra;JtUk; \hk; ehl;L mugpau;fis ,uhf;fpd; mugpau;fis nfhz;L jLf;f ehbdhu;. MfNtjhd; mugpauhfpa [{ijkhit Nkw;$wpa gFjpfSf;F mu;j\Pu; muruhf;fpdhu;. jdJ Ml;rpia vjpu;f;Fk; mugpa goq;Fb kf;fis mlf;fp itf;f [{ijkhTf;F ghurPf uhZtg;gil xd;iwAk; mtu; toq;fpdhu;. [{ijkh fp.gp. 268-Mk; Mz;L kuzkile;jhu;.

[{ijkh kuzkhd gpd;G> mjhtJ kd;du; ‘fp];uh ]hg+u; ,g;D mu;j\PUila' Ml;rpf; fhyj;jpy; mk;U ,g;D mjP ,g;D e];u; my;yf;kp fp.gp. 268 Kjy; 288 tiu `PuhitAk; md;ghiuAk; Ml;rp nra;jhu;. yf;k; Nfhj;jpu muru;fspYk; `Puhitj; jiyefuhff; nfhz;L Ml;rp Ghpe;jtu;fspYk; ,tNu Kjd;ikahdtu;. ,tiuaLj;J yf;k; Nfhj;jpu muru;fs; gyu; njhlu;e;J `Puhit Mz;L te;jdu;. ,Wjpahf (fp.gp. 448 Kjy; 531 tiu) ‘Fghj; ,g;D /igNuh[;' ghurPf kd;duhdhu;. ,tuJ Ml;rpapd;NghJ ‘k[;jf;' vd;gtd; Njhd;wp Kiwaw;w ghypay; cwtpd; gf;fk; kf;fis mioj;jhd;. kd;du; Fghj; kw;Wk; mtdJ Fbkf;fspy; mjpfkhdtu;fs; mtid gpd;gw;wpdu;. gpwF Fghj;> `Puhtpd; kd;duhd Kd;jpu; ,g;D khT]; ]khit (fp.gp. 512-554) ,opthd ,t;topKiwia Vw;FkhW mioj;jhd;. mtu; mij Kw;wpYkhf kWj;Jtpl;lhu;. mjdhy; mtiu ePf;fptpl;L mtUf;Fg; gjpyhf k[;jf;fpd; topia gpd;gw;wpa ‘`h]; ,g;D mk;u; ,g;D `[u; my; fpd;jP' vd;gtid murdhf;fpdhd;.

FghJf;Fg; gpwF ‘mD}N\u;thd;' (fp.gp. 531-578) vd;gtu; kd;duhdhu;. ,tu; ,e;j jtwhd topia Kw;wpYk; ntWj;jhu;. k[;jf; kw;Wk; mtdJ topia gpd;gw;wpatu;fisf; nfhiy nra;jhu;. `h]; ,g;D mk;iu ePf;fptpl;L kPz;Lk; Kd;jpiu `Puhtpd; muruhf;fpdhu;. `h]; ,g;D mk;iu ifJ nra;a Kad;wNghJ mtd; ‘fy;G' Nfhj;jpuj;jhhplk; nrd;W milf;fykhfp kuzk; tiu mq;NfNa jq;fptpl;lhd;. Kd;jpu; ,g;D khT]; ]khTf;Fg; gpwFk; mtuJ FLk;gj;jhhplNk Ml;rp ,Ue;jJ. mtuJ kfd; E/khd; ,g;D Kd;jpu; fp.gp. 583 ypUe;J 605 tiu Ml;rp nra;jhu;. mg;NghJ ‘i[J ,g;D mjP' vd;gtd; $wpa jtwhd jftyhy; E/khd; kPJ Nfhgkile;J mtiuj; Njbtu fp];uh tPuu;fis mDg;gp itj;jhu;. E/khd; ufrpakhf ntspNawp i\ghd; Nfhj;jpuj;jpd; jiytuhd `hdp ,g;D k];¥jplk; milf;fyk; ngw;W mthplk; jdJ FLk;gj;jpdiuAk; nry;tq;fisAk; xg;gilj;Jtpl;L fp];uhtplk; jpUk;gpdhu;. fp];uh mtiu kuzkilAk; tiu rpiwapy; milj;jhu;.

mjd;gpwF E/khDf;Fg; gjpyhf ‘,ah]; ,g;D fgP]h mj;jhk;' vd;gtiu `Puhtpd; muruhf;fpdhu;. `hdp ,g;D k];¥jplk; E/khd; nfhLj;J itj;jpUe;jij kPl;L tUkhW> ,ah]{f;F fp];uh cj;jutpl;lhu;. fp];uhtpd; cj;jutpw;fpzq;f ,ah]; rpyiu `hdpaplk; mDg;gpaNghJ `hdp> E/khdpd; mkhdpjj;ij ju Kw;wpYk; kWj;Jtpl;L fp];uhTld; Nghiu gpufldg;gLj;jpdhu;. mijf; fz;l ,ah]; jd;dplkpUe;j fp];uhtpd; gil gl;lhsq;fis mioj;Jf; nfhz;L `hdpaplk; Nghu; Ghpa gazkhdhu;. ‘jP fhu;' vd;Dkplj;jpy; ,U gilfSf;FkpilNa kpff; fLikahd Nghu; ele;jJ. ,Wjpapy; i\ghd; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; ntw;wpngw;wdu;. ghurPfu;fs; gLNjhy;tp mile;jdu;. ,JNt mugpau;fs; mugpauy;yhjtu;fs; kPJ nfhz;l Kjy; ntw;wpahFk;. ,e;epfo;r;rp egp (]y;) mtu;fs; gpwe;j gpwF eilngw;wJ.

,ah]{f;Fg; gpwF ‘M[hjpgh ,g;D kh`;gpahd; ,g;D k`;uh ge;jhj;' vd;w ghurPfiu `Puhtpd; ftu;duhf fp];uh epakpj;jhu;. mtu; gjpNdO Mz;Lfs; (fp.gp. 614-631) Ml;rp nra;jhu;. gpwF fp.gp. 632y; ‘yf;k;' Nfhj;jpuj;jhu;fsplk; Ml;rp jpUk;gpaJ. mtu;fspy; ‘k/&u;' vd;wiof;fg;gl;l Kd;jpu; ,g;D E/khd; vd;gtu; Ml;rp nghWg;Ngw;whu;. vdpDk;> mtuJ Ml;rp vl;L khjq;fNs ePbj;jJ. fhypj; ,g;D tyPj; (uop) K];ypk;fspd; gilAld; nrd;W me;ehl;il ntw;wp nfhz;lhu;fs;.

mugpau;fs; gy;NtW gFjpfSf;Fk; Fbngau;e;J nfhz;bUe;j fhyj;jpy; FohM Nfhj;jpuj;jpd; ‘gD} ]{iy`; ,g;D `{y;thd;' FLk;gj;jpdu; \hk; ehl;bd; ‘k\h/g;' vd;w gFjpfspy; FbNawpdu;. ‘o[hk;kh' vdg; gpugykile;j ‘o[;mk; ,g;D ]yP`;' vd;w gphptpdu; Nkw;$wg;gl;l gD} ]{iy`; FLk;gj;ijr; Nru;e;jtu;fs; Mtu;. ghiytdq;fspy; topg;gwp nra;J nfhz;bUe;j fpuhkj;J mugpau;fisj; jLf;fTk;> ghurPfu;fis vjpu;f;fTk; o[hk;khf;fis Nuhku;fs; gad;gLj;jpdu;. mjw;fhf mtu;fspy; xUtUf;F mur gjtpAk; toq;fpdu;. gy Mz;Lfs; ,tu;fsJ FLk;g Ml;rp njhlu;e;jJ. ,tu;fspy; ‘[pahJ ,g;D `g+yh' vd;gtu; Gfo;ngw;w muruhthu;.

o[hk;khtpdd; Ml;rpf; fhyk; fp.gp. ,uz;lhk; E}w;whz;bd; njhlf;fj;jpypUe;J mjd; ,Wjptiu ePbj;jJ. mjw;F gpwF f];]hdpau;> o[hk;khtpdu; kPJ Nghu; njhLj;J Ml;rpiaf; ifg;gw;wpdu;. ,ijf; fz;l Nuhku;fs; \hk; ehl;L mugpau;fSf;F f];]hdpau;fis muru;fshf epakpj;jdu;. ,tu;fsJ jiyefukhf G];uh tpsq;fpaJ. `p[;hp 13Mk; Mz;L au;%f; Nghu; eilngWk; tiu f];]hdpau;fs; Nuhku;fspd; ftu;du;fshfNt \hk; ehl;by; Ml;rp nra;jdu;. me;jf; ftu;du;fspy; ,Wjpahdtuhd ‘[gyh ,g;D ma;`k;' vd;gtu; mkPUy; K/kpdPd; cku; (uop) mtu;fspd; fhyj;jpy; K];ypk;fSf;F mbgzpe;jhu;. (,J Fwpj;j Nky; tptuq;fis jghp> ,g;D fy;J}d;> k];Cjp> ,g;D Fijgh> ,g;Dy; m]Pu; Mfpa E}y;fspy; fhzyhk;.)

ehl;fs; efu;e;jd. fhyq;fs; fle;jd. ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fSila re;jjpfspd; epiyikfis vLj;Jf; $WksTf;F nghpjhf ,y;iy. ‘Gf;j; e];u;' vd;w kd;dd; Njhd;Wtjw;Fr; rpwpJ fhyk; Kd;G [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; Kw;wpYk; eype;Jtpl;ldu;. mf;fhyj;jpy; kf;fhtpy; mj;dhd; tkprj;jtd; murpay; Mjpf;fk; tsuj; njhlq;fpaJ. Gf;Je];Uf;Fk; mugpau;fSf;FkpilNa ‘jhj; ,u;f;' vd;w ,lj;jpy; eilngw;w Nghhpy; mugpag; gilapd; jsgjpahf [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. khwhf> ,g;gilf;F mj;dhd; jsgjpahf ,Ue;jhu;. (jg)

gpwF Gf;J e];u; fp.gp. 587y; ,uz;lhtJ Kiwahf Nghu; njhLj;jNghJ mj;dhdpau;fs; akd; ehl;Lf;Fj; jg;gpr; nrd;wdu;. mr;re;ju;g;gj;jpy; ,];uNtyu;fspd; egpahd ‘au;kpah`;' mtu;fspd; Njhou; ‘gu;fpah' vd;gtu; mj;dhdpd; kfd; ‘kmj;'ij \hk; ehl;bYs;s `u;uhd; efUf;F mioj;Jr; nrd;whu;. Gf;J e];Uila fhyj;Jf;Fg; gpd; kmj; kf;fh jpUk;gpdhu;. mq;F [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jpy; ‘[t;\k; ,g;D [{y;`{kh' vd;gtu; kl;LNk kPjkpUe;jhu;. mtuJ kfis kmj; kze;J nfhz;lhu;. ,UtUf;Fk; e[hu; vd;gtu; gpwe;jhu;. (jghp> /gj;`{y; ghhp)

,r;nray; mj;dhdpau;fSf;F kpFe;j ntWg;ig cz;lhf;fpaJ. F[hM Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; kf;fhTf;F mUfpYs;s ‘ku;Us; s`;uhd;' vd;w ,lj;jpy; FbNawpaNghJ [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; kPJ mj;dhdpau;fs; nfhz;bUe;j ntWg;ig gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;ldu;. mj;dhdpau;fspd; xU gphptpduhd ‘gD} gf;U ,g;D mg;J kdh/g;' FLk;gj;jhhpd; cjtpAld; F[hMtpdu; [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jhu; kPJ Nghu; njhLj;J> mtu;fis kf;fhtpypUe;J ntspNaw;wp> mijj; jq;fsJ fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs; nfhz;L te;jdu;. fp.gp. ,uz;lhk; E}w;whz;bd; ghjptiu mtu;fsJ Ml;rpNa kf;fhtpy; ePbj;jJ.

‘;mk;u; ,g;D `h]; ,g;D Koho; [{u;`{kP' vd;gtu; fmghtpypUe;j ,uz;L jq;f khd; rpiyfisAk;> m];tj; fy;iyAk; [k;[k; fpzw;wpDs; Nghl;L %btpl;lhu;. mtUk; mtiur; Nru;e;j [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jhUk; akd; ehl;Lf;Fr; nrd;W FbNawpdu;. kf;fhit tpl;Lg; gpe;jijAk; mjd; mjpfhuk; if eOtpg; NghdijAk; vz;zp mtu;fs; kpFe;j tUj;jk; mile;jdu;.

,g;nghWg;Gfs; ,y;ah]; ,g;D Kou; tkprj;jpy; my; ft;]; ,g;D Ku;uh FLk;gj;jhUf;Ff; fpl;bd. ,tu;fs; ‘]_/gh' vd miof;fg;gl;ldu;. ,tu;fsJ rpwg;G vd;dntdpy;> ]_/ghitr; Nru;e;j xUtu; mfghtpy; fy; vwpahjtiu NtW ahUk; vwpakhl;lhu;fs;. kf;fs; fy;nywpe;J Kbj;J kpdhtpypUe;J ntspNaWtjhapUe;jhy; fzthapd; ,UGwq;fisAk; ]_/ghtpdu; %btpLthu;fs;. mtu;fs; Kjypy; ntspNawpr; nrd;w gpwNf kw;wtu;fs; ntspNaw mDkjpf;fg;gLthu;fs;. ]_/ghtpdu; ,we;Jtpl;l gpwF jkPk; fpisiar; Nru;e;j ]mJ ,g;D i[J kdhj; FLk;gj;jpdUf;F ,g;nghWg;G fpilj;jJ.

%d;whtJ: (Nghu; Ghpa jil nra;ag;gl;l) Gdpj khjq;fis #o;epiyf;Nfw;g Kd; gpd;dhf khw;wpf; nfhs;Sk; mjpfhuk;> ‘/Gifk; ,g;D mjP' vd;w fpdhdh FLk;gj;jhhplk; ,Ue;jJ. (,g;D `p\hk;)

,tu;fspd; fhyj;jpy; mj;dhd; tkprj;ijr; Nru;e;jtu;fs; e[;j;> ,uhf;> g`;iud; Mfpa ehLfSf;Fr; nrd;W FbNawpdu;. kf;fhtpy; Fiw\piar; Nru;e;j rpy FLk;gj;jhu;fs; kl;Lk; Mq;fhq;Nf gphpe;J tho;e;jdu;. mtu;fSf;F kf;fh kw;Wk; Gdpj fmghtpd; mjpfhuk; vJTk; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. ,e;epiyapy; ‘F]a; ,g;D fpyhg;' vd;gtu; Fiw\pau;fspy; Njhd;wpdhu;. (,g;D `p\hk;)

‘F]a;apd;' rpW tajpNyNa mtuJ je;ij kuzkhfptpl;lhu;. mtuJ jhia cj;uh FLk;gj;ijr; Nru;e;j ‘ugPM ,g;D `uhk;' vd;gtu; kzKbj;jhu;. mtu; jdJ kidtpiaAk; F]a;iaAk; \hk; ehl;bYs;s jdJ CUf;F mioj;J te;jhu;. F]a; thypguhfp kf;fh jpUk;gpdhu;. me;Neuj;jpy; kf;fhtpd; epu;thfpahf F[hM Nfhj;jpuj;ijr; Nru;e;j ‘`{iyy; ,g;D `g;\pa;ah' vd;gtu; ,Ue;jhu;. `{iyypd; kfs; ‘`{g;gh' vd;gtiu F]a; kzKbj;jhu;. (,g;D `p\hk;)

3) `{iyy; jdJ kfs; `{g;ghtpw;F fmghit epu;tfpf;Fk; mjpfhuj;ij toq;fpdhu;. mts; rhu;ghf mg;nghWg;ig epiwNtw;Wtjw;F F[hM tkprj;ijr; Nru;e;j ‘mg+ FG\hd;' vd;gtiu F]a; epakpj;jhu;. mtu; `{g;ghTf;F gjpyhf fmghit epu;tfpj;J te;jhu;. mtu; rw;W Gj;jp RthjPdkw;wtuhf ,Ue;jhu;. `{iyy; kuzkile;j gpwF F]a; mg+ FG\hDf;F rpy xl;lfq;fs; my;yJ rpy kJg; gPg;gha;fs; nfhLj;J fmghtpd; mjpfhuj;ijf; ifg;gw;wpdhu;. ,ij F[hMtpdu; xg;Gf; nfhs;stpy;iy. F]a; fmghit epu;tfpf;ff;$lhJ vd jLj;jdu;. ,jdhy; F]a; kf;fhtpypUe;J F[hMtpdiu ntspNaw;Wtjw;fhf Fiw\p kw;Wk; fpdhdh Nfhj;jpuj;jpdhpd; cjtpia ehbdhu;. mtu;fSk; mjw;fpzq;fpajhy; ,U jug;gpdUf;fpilNa Nghu; %z;lJ. (/gj;`{y; ghhp> k];¥jp)

`{iyy; kuzkile;j gpwFk; ]_/ghf;fs; jq;fspd; Nkw;$wg;gl;l nghWg;Gfis epiwNtw;wp te;jdu;. xUehs; Fiw\p kw;Wk; fpdhdh Nfhj;jpuj;jpdiu F]a; jd;Dld; mioj;Jf; nfhz;L ‘]_/gh'f;fs; $bapUe;j fztha;f;F te;J ‘‘,e;j nghWg;Gf;F cq;fistpl ehq;fNs mjpf chpikAs;stu;fs;'' vd;W $wpdhu;. ,U gphptpdUf;Fk; ,ilapy; tha; rz;il %z;L iffyg;G Vw;gl;lJ. ,Wjpapy; ]_/ghf;fis Njhw;fbj;J F]a; tpul;btpl;lhu;. ,J F[hM kw;Wk; gf;u; Nfhj;jpuj;jhUf;F gpbf;fhjjhy; F]a;aplkpUe;J tpyfpr; nrd;whu;fs;. ,ijawpe;j F]a; mtu;fSf;F vjpuhfg; giliaj; jpul;b mtu;fs; kPJ Nghu; njhLj;jhu;. ,U gphptpdUf;FkpilNa kpff; fLikahd Nghu; %z;L ,Ujug;gpYk; ngUj;j capu;r; Nrjk; Vw;gl;lJ. xU topahf ,U jug;gpdUk; rkhjhd cld;gbf;if nra;Jnfhs;s Kd;te;jdu;. mt;Tld;gbf;iff;F gf;u; Nfhj;jpuj;ijr; Nru;e;j ‘a/Ku; ,g;D mt;/g;' vd;gtiuj; jiytuhf;fpdu;.

‘‘kf;fhit Ml;rp nra;aTk;> fmghit epu;tfpf;fTk; F[hM Nfhj;jpuj;jhiutpl F]a;k;f;Nf mjpf jFjp cz;L F]a;apdhy; Vw;gl;l midj;J nfhiyfSk; kd;dpf;fg;gl;lit mt;thNw F[hM kw;Wk; gf;u; Nfhj;jpuj;jpduhy; nfhy;yg;gl;ltu;fSf;F mtu;fs; e\;l<L toq;f Ntz;Lk;. fmghtpd; epu;thfj;ij F]a;aplk; xg;gilf;f Ntz;Lk;'' vd;W a/%u; jPu;g;gspj;jhu;. ,e;jj; jPu;g;gpd; fhuzkhf mtUf;F ‘\j;jhf; - mePjj;ijj; jfu;j;jtu;' vd;w Gidg;ngau; te;jJ. (,g;D `p\hk;)

Fiw\pau;fSf;fhf fmghtpd; tlf;Fg; gFjpapy; ‘jhUe; ej;th' vDk; xU rq;fj;ij epWtpaJ F]a; nra;j ew;nray;fspy; xd;whff; fUjg;gl;lJ. mJ Fiw\pau;fs; xd;W Nru;e;J mtu;fspd; gpur;ridfis tpthjpj;Jj; jPu;T fhZkplkhfTk;> mtu;fspilNa xUq;fpizg;ig Vw;gLj;Jk; kd;wkhfTk; tpsq;fpajhy;> mtu;fSf;F kpFe;j gaDs;sjhf ,Ue;jJ. mjDila thry; fmghit Nehf;fp mike;jpUe;jJ. (,g;D `p\hk;> ,f;ghUy; fpuhk; gp mf;ghy; k];[pjpy; `uhk;)

,it midj;Jk; F]a;k;f;F mike;jpUe;j rpwg;GfshFk;. mtuJ gps;isfspy; mg;Jj;jhu; vd;gtu; %j;jtuhf ,Ue;jhu;. Mdhy;> mtiu tpl ,isatuhd mg;J kdh/g; kf;fspilNa kpFe;j nry;thf;Fk; khpahijAk; cilatuhfj; jpfo;e;jhu;. ,J mg;Jj;jhUf;F ntWg;ig Vw;gLj;jpaJ. ,jdhy; mg;Jj;jhiu F]a; mioj;J ‘‘kf;fs; cd;idtpl cdJ rNfhjuid vt;tsTjhd; cau;thf;fpdhYk; ehd; cd;idNa mtu;fSf;Fj; jiytuhf;FNtd;'' vd;W $wp jd;dplKs;s midj;J rpwg;GfisAk; nghWg;GfisAk; mg;Jj;jhUf;Nf juNtz;Lnkd capy; vOjpdhu;. F]a;apd; ve;j KbTf;Fk; kf;fs; khWnra;a khl;lhu;fs;. mtu; thOk;NghJk;> kuzj;Jf;Fg; gpd;Dk; mtuJ fl;lisiag; gpd;gw;WtNj khu;f;fk; vd midtUk; fUjpdu;.

‘‘vkJ ntw;wpg; nghUspy; fhy; gq;Fk;> eP tpUk;gp vLj;Jf; nfhz;lJk;> topapy; fpilj;j nghUSk;> gq;fpl Kbahj kpQ;rpa nghUSk; cdf;Nf nrhe;jkhdJ. vq;fspy; cdJ mjpfhuNk nry;YgbahdJ.''

‘‘ehd; $l f[pa;ah Fyj;jtNd! f[pa;ah topnfl;lhy;...

mNj Neuj;jpy; `p [h]; gFjpapd; Ml;rpahsu;fis kf;fs; kpFe;j fz;zpaj;Jld; Nehf;fpdu;. mtu;fisNa jq;fsJ rka kw;Wk; r%f topfhl;bfshff; fUjpdu;. cz;ikapy; `p [h]; gFjp murhq;fk; mf;fhyj;jpy; rka kw;Wk; r%f topfhl;bahf ,Ue;jJ. me;j Ml;rpahsu;fs; Vida mugpau;fis rkaj;jpd; ngauhy; Mz;L te;jdu;. ,iwapy;yk; fmghitAk;> mq;F tUgtu;fspd; NjitfisAk; mtu;fNs epu;tfpj;J te;jjhy; mg;gFjp midj;jpYk; jq;fsJ Mjpf;fj;ij nrYj;jp te;jdu;. egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fspd; khu;f;fj;ij mky;gLj;jp te;jdu;. ,d;iwa fhyj;ijg; Nghd;W jq;fsJ Ml;rpahsu;fis jhq;fshfNt Nju;e;njLf;Fk; toikia mtu;fs; nfhz;bUe;jdu;. vdpDk; gpur;ridfis rkhspf;f Kbahj msT gytPdkhdjhfNt mtu;fsJ ml;rp ,Ue;jJ. `g\pfs; njhLj;j Nghhpy; ,tu;fs; gytPdkhdjpypUe;J ,ij njhpe;J nfhs;syhk;.

mtd; xUKiw \hk; ehl;Lf;Fr; nrd;whd;. mq;F kf;fs; rpiyfis tzq;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jdu;. mtu;fspd; ,e;j rpiy tzf;f topghL mtidg; nghpJk; ftu;e;jJ. \hk; ehL> egpkhu;fs; kw;Wk; Ntjq;fs; mUsg;gl;l gFjpahf ,Ue;jjhy; me;jr; rpiy tzf;fKk; cz;ikahd xd;whfj;jhd; ,Uf;Fk; vd mtd; vz;zpdhd;. vdNt> mtd; kf;fh jpUk;gpaNghJ ‘`{Gy;' vd;w rpiyiaf; nfhz;L te;J fmghtpd; eLtpy; mij itj;J tpl;lhd;. me;jr; rpiyiaf; flTshf Vw;W my;yh`;Tf;F ,izitf;FkhW kf;fhthrpfSf;F miog;G tpLj;jhd;. mtu;fSk; mij Vw;W my;yh`;Tf;F ,iz itj;jdu;. kf;fhthrpfs; ,iw ,y;yk; fmghit epu;tfpg;gtu;fshfTk;> Gdpj efukhd kf;fhtpy; trpg;gtu;fshf ,Ug;gjhYk; mtu;fisNa jq;fsJ Kd;Ndhbfshf vLj;Jf; nfhz;L `p [h]; gFjpapd; Vida kf;fSk; rpiy topghl;by; mtu;fisg; gpd;gw;wpdu;.

‘`{Gy;' vd;gJ nre;epwf; fy;ypy; kdpj cUthfr; nrJf;fg;gl;l xU rpiy! mjd; tyJ fuk; cile;jpUe;jJ. mjw;F Fiw\pfs; jq;fj;jpdhy; if nra;J mzptpj;jdu;. ,Jjhd; kf;fh ,izitg;ghsu;fspd; Kjy; rpiyahFk;. ,ij kpFe;j kfj;Jtkpf;fjhfTk; Gdpjkpf;fjhfTk; Fiw\pfs; fUjpdu;. (fpjhGy; m];dhk;)

`{Gy; kl;Lkpd;wp> kdhj; vd;gJk; mtu;fspd; goq;fhy rpiyfspy; xd;whFk;. mJ nrq;flypd; Xuj;jpy; mike;Js;s ‘Fijj;' vd;w efhpd; mUfhikapYs;s ‘K\y;yy;' vd;w ,lj;jpy; mikf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. (K\y;yy; vd;gJ xU kiyNkL mjd; mbthuj;jpy; Fijj; cs;sJ - ]`P`{y; Gfhhp) ,ij `{ijy; kw;Wk; F[hM Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;.

jhap/g; efuj;jpy; ‘yhj;' vDk; rpiyia ]fP/g; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;. (fpjhGy; m];dhk;)

‘jhj;j ,u;f;' vd;w efhpd; ‘ef;yh \hkpa;ah' vd;w gs;sj;jhf;fpy; ‘c[;[h' vd;w rpiy ,Ue;jJ. ,ij Fiw\p> fpdhdh kw;Wk; gy Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;. (fpjhGy; m];dhk;)

‘tj;' rpiyia ,uhf; ehl;Lf;F mUfpYs;s ‘jt;kJy; [e;jy;' vd;w gFjpapYs;s ‘[u;\;' vd;w ,lj;jpy; fy;G Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;.

‘]{th/' rpiyia `p[h[; gFjpapd; kf;fh efuUfpy; ‘U`hj;' vd;w ,lj;jpy; `{ijy; ,g;D Kj;fh vd;w Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;.

‘a$];' rpiyia ]gh gFjpapy; ‘[{u;/g;' vd;w ,lj;jpy; KuhJ tkprj;jpd; $ij/g; vd;w Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;.

‘aCf;' rpiyia akd; ehl;by; ‘fa;thd;' vd;w Chpy; `k;jhd; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;.

‘e];u;' rpiyia jpy; fpyh Nfhj;jpuj;ijr; Nru;e;j `pk;au; FLk;gj;jpdu; jq;fsJ Chpy; itj;J tzq;fp te;jdu;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp> /gj;`{y; ghhp> fpjhGy; m];dhk;)

,d;Dk; gy Nfhj;jpuj;jhUk; ,Nj topiag; gpd;gw;wp rpiyfisf; flTs;fshf Vw;W mtw;Wf;nfd Myaq;fis cUthf;fpdhu;fs;. mtw;wpy; ‘Jy; fy]h' vd;w rpiyia jt;];> f\;mk; kw;Wk; Gi[yh Nfhj;jpuj;jhu; akd; ehl;by; cs;s ‘jghyh' vd;w Chpy; tzq;fp te;jdu;.

‘/gpy;];' vd;w rpiyia ‘ja;' Nfhj;jpuj;jhUk; mtu;fis xl;b ]y;kh> m[h vd;w ,U kiyfSf;fpilapy; trpj;J te;jtu;fSk; tzq;fp te;jdu;. ,ijj; jtpu;j;J mtu;fSf;F NkYk; gy Nfhapy;fs; ,Ue;jd. akd; kw;Wk; `pk;au;thrpfs; ‘hpahk;' vd;w NfhapiyAk; ugpM Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; ‘uoh' vd;w xU NfhapiyAk; itj;jpUe;jdu;. NkYk; gf;u;> jf;ypg; Nfhj;jpuj;jhu; jq;fSf;nfd rpW Nfhapy;fisAk; ‘]d;jhj;' vd;w efhpy; ,ahj; tkprj;jtu;fs; jq;fSf;nfd rpW Nfhapy;fisAk; Vw;gLj;jpapUe;jdu;. (,g;D `p\hk;)

NkYk; jt;]; Nfhj;jpuj;jhUf;F ‘Jy; f/g;/igd;' vd;w rpiy ,Ue;jJ. fpdhdhtpd; kf;fshd khypf;> kypfhd; kw;Wk; gf;Uf;F ‘]/J' vDk; rpiyAk;> cj;uhTf;F ‘\k;];' vd;w rpiyAk; ft;yhDf;F ‘ck;ahdp];' vDk; rpiyAk; Fynja;tq;fshf tpsq;fpd. (,g;D ap\hk;)

kf;fs; ,JNghd;w topNfl;by; ePbj;J te;jhu;fs;. mJgw;wp mg+ u[h cjhjP (uop) mtu;fs; $Wfpwhu;fs;: ‘‘ehq;fs; fw;fis tzq;fp te;Njhk;. ehq;fs; tzq;Fk; fy;iytpl mofpa fy;iyf; fz;lhy; ifapypUg;gij J}f;fp vwpe;Jtpl;L Gjpaij vLj;J tzq;FNthk;. vq;fSf;F tzq;Ftjw;fhd fy; fpilf;ftpy;iynadpy; kz;izf; Ftpayhf;fp mjd;Nky; Ml;bd; ghiyf;fwe;J mij tyk; tUNthk;.'' (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

,e;j vz;zk; ehsiltpy; cWjpahd ek;gpf;ifahf tYg;ngw;wJ. mtu;fisj; jq;fsJ ghJfhtyu;fshff; fUjp my;yh`;Tf;Fk; jq;fSf;FkpilNa eLtu;fshf;fpf; nfhz;ldu;. mtu;fsJ Nerj;ijg; ngw;Wj; jUk; topKiwfnsd jhq;fs; fUjpa midj;ijAk; nfhz;L mtu;fsplk; neUf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhs;s Kaw;rpj;jdu;. mr;rhd;Nwhu;fSf;fhf mtu;fspd; cUtg;glq;fisAk; rpiyfisAk; cUthf;fpdu;. mtw;Ws; rpy cz;ikaha; cUtg;glq;fshf ,Ue;jd. rpy cUtg; glq;fis jq;fsJ fw;gidf;F Vw;wthW tiue;jdu;. ,e;j cUtg; glq;fSf;Fk; rpiyfSf;Fk; mugp nkhopapy; ‘m];dhk;' vd;W $wg;gLk;.

rpyu; rhd;Nwhu;fSf;nfd cUtg; glq;fs;> rpj;jpuq;fs; vijAk; tiuahky; mtu;fsJ mlf;fj;jyq;fisAk; mtu;fs; trpj;j> Xa;ntLj;j> jq;fpa ,lq;fisAk; Gdpj ];jyq;fshf Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;ldu;. me;j ];jyq;fSf;Ff; fhzpf;iffisAk; Neu;r;irfisAk; rku;g;gpj;jdu;. NkYk;> mt;tplq;fspy; gzpTlDk; khpahijAlDk; ele;J gy fphpiafisr; nra;jdu;. ,t;thwhd ,lq;fSf;Fk; rkhjpfSf;Fk; mugpapy; ‘mt;]hd;' vd;W $wg;gLk;.

mtu;fs; m];dhk; kw;Wk; mt;]hd;fSf;Fr; nra;J te;j rlq;Ffspy; ngUk;ghyhdtw;iw mk;U ,g;D Y`a;k; jhd; cUthf;fpj; je;jhd;. mtd; cUthf;fpj; je;j midj;Jk; ‘‘mofpa mD\;lhdq;fs; (gpj;mj; `]dh)'' vdTk;> mit ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fsJ khu;f;fj;jpw;F vt;tifapYk; Kuzhdjy;y vdTk; mk;kf;fs; ek;gpdu;.

4) mtu;fs; mr;rpiyfSf;F nrYj;jpa tzf;f topghLfspy; xd;W ‘‘jq;fspd; fw;gidf;F jFe;jthW czT> Fbghdk; Mfpatw;wpy; rpytw;iw mr;rpiyfSf;fhf xJf;fp itj;J tpLthu;fs;. mt;thNw jq;fsJ Ntshz;ik kw;Wk; fhy;eilfspy; rpytw;iw mr;rpiyfSf;fhf xJf;fp tpLthu;fs;. ,jpy; xU Ntbf;if vd;dntdpy;> my;yh`;Tf;fhfTk; rpytw;iw xJf;Fthu;fs;. gpwF gy fhuzq;fisf; $wp mit midj;ijAk; rpiyfSf;Nf nfhLj;J tpLthu;fs;. Mdhy;> rpiyfSf;fhf xJf;fpatw;wpy; vijAk; my;yh`;Tf;nfd;W vLf;f khl;lhu;fs;. ,ijg; gw;wpNa my;yh`; gpd;tUk; trdj;jpy; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whd;:

tptrhak;> ML> khL> xl;lfk; Nghd;w my;yh`; cw;gj;jp nra;gtw;wpy; xU ghfj;ij jq;fs; tpUg;gg;gb Fwpg;gpl;L ‘‘,J my;yh`;Tf;F vd;Wk; (kw;nwhU ghfj;ij) ,J vq;fSila nja;tq;fSf;F'' vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdu;. mtu;fs; jq;fs; nja;tq;fSf;nfd Fwpg;gpl;l ghfj;jpy; vJTk; my;yh`;Tf;Fr; NrUtjpy;iy. vdpDk;> my;yh`;Tf;nfd Fwpg;gpl;lit (ey;yitahapUe;jhy;) mtu;fSila nja;tq;fSf;Nf Nru;e;J tpLfpd;wd! mtu;fs; nra;Ak; ,j;jPu;khdk; kpff; nfl;lJ. (my;Fu;Md; 6 : 136)

(md;wp mtu;fs; jq;fs;) ML> khL> xl;lfk; Mfpatw;wpYk;> tptrhaj;jpYk; (rpytw;iwf; Fwpg;gpl;L) ‘‘,J jLf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. vq;fs; nfhs;ifg;gb ehq;fs; tpUk;Gfpw (GNuhfpju;fs;> FUkhu;fs; Mfpa) tu;fisj; jtpu (kw;nwtUk;) mjidg; Grpf;ff;$lhJ'' vd;W (jq;fs; %lf; nfhs;ifapd;gb) mtu;fs; $Wfpd;wdu;. jtpu> mt;thNw NtW rpy) ML> khL> xl;lfq;fspd; KJFfs; jLf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd. (mtw;wpd; kPJ VWtJk;> RikNaw;WtJk; $lhJ) vd;Wk;> (NtW) rpy ML> khL> xl;lfq;fis(f; Fwpg;gpl;L mtw;iw mWf;Fk;nghOJ) mtw;wpd; kPJ my;yh`;tpd; jpUehkj;ijf; $wf;$lhJ vd;Wk; (my;yh`; fl;lis ,l;bUg;gjhf) my;yh`;tpd; kPJ ngha;ahff; fw;gid nra;(J $W)fpd;wdu;. mtu;fSila ,g;ngha;f; $w;Wf;Fj; jf;f $ypia (my;yh`;) gpd;du; mtu;fSf;Ff; nfhLg;ghd;. (my;Fu;Md; 6 : 138)

Nkw;$wg;gl;l $w;Wf;F rw;W khw;wkhf ,g;D ,];`hf; (u`;) $Wfpwhu;: njhlu;e;J gj;J ngz; Fl;bfis <d;w xl;lfj;ij rpiyfSf;fhf tpl;L tpLthu;fs;. mjd; kPJ vt;tpjr; RikiaAk; Vw;wkhl;lhu;fs;. vtUk; mij thfdkhf;fp gazpf;fTk; khl;lhu;fs;. mjd; Kbfis ntl;l khl;lhu;fs;. mjd; ghiy tpUe;jpdUf;F kl;LNk mspg;ghu;fs;. ,j;jifa xl;lfj;jpw;F ‘]hk;gh' vd;W $wg;gLk;. mjd; gpwF ,e;j ]hk;gh xl;lfk; xU ngz; Fl;bia <d;why; me;jf; Fl;bapd; fhJfis ntl;btpl;L mij mjd; jhAld; tpl;LtpLthu;fs;. mjd; kPJk; vtUk; gazpf;f khl;lhu;fs;. mjd; ghiy tpUe;jpdiuj; jtpu NtW vtUk; mUe;jkhl;lhu;fs;. ,e;jf; Fl;bf;F ‘g`Puh' vdg;gLk;.

md;wp> mtu;fs; (NtW rpytw;iwf; Fwpg;gpl;L) ‘‘,e;j ML> khL> xl;lfq;fspd; tapw;wpypUg;git vq;fSila Mz;fSf;F (kl;Lk;) nrhe;jkhdit. vq;fSila ngz;fSf;F mit jLf;fg;gl;L ,Uf;fpd;wd. mit nrj;Jg; gpwe;jhy; mtw;wpy; mtu;fSf;Fk; gq;Fz;L'' (mg;NghJ ngz;fSk; Grpf;fyhk;.) vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdu;. MfNt> mtu;fSila ,f;$w;wpw;Fhpa jz;lidia (my;yh`;) mtu;fSf;Ff; nfhLj;Nj jPUthd;. epr;rakhf mtd; kpf;f QhdKilatdhfTk;> (midtiuAk;) ed;fwpe;jtdhfTk; ,Uf;fpd;whd;. (my;Fu;Md; 6 : 139)

egp (]y;) mtu;fs; $wpdhu;fs;: ‘‘ehd; mk;U ,g;D Mkpu; ,g;D Y`a; my; F[hapiag; ghu;j;Njd;. mtd; jdJ Fliy euf neUg;gpy; ,Oj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;whd;.'' (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

vtu;fs; my;yh`; my;yhjtw;iw jq;fSf;Fg; ghJfhtyhf vLj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwhu;fNsh mtu;fs;> ‘‘mj;nja;tq;fs; vq;fis my;yh`;Tf;F kpf;f rkPgkhf;fp itf;Fk; vd;gjw;fhfNtad;wp ehk; ,tw;iw tzq;ftpy;iy'' (vd;W $Wfpd;wdu;). (my;Fu;Md; 39 : 3)

(,izitg;gtu;fs;) jq;fSf;F ahnjhU ed;ikAk; jPikAk; nra;a Kbahj my;yh`; my;yhjtw;iw tzq;FtJld; ‘‘,it my;yh`; tplj;jpy; vq;fSf;F rpghhpR nra;git'' vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdu;. (my;Fu;Md; 10 : 18)

Kjy; tif: ,jpy; %d;W mk;Gfs; itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. xd;wpy; ‘Mk;!' vdTk; kw;nwhd;wpy; ‘Ntz;lhk;' vdTk; vOjg;gl;L> %d;whtjpy; vJTk; vOjg;glhky; ,Uf;Fk;. jpUkzk;> gazk; Nghd;w Kf;fpakhdtw;wpy; KbntLg;gjw;fhf mtw;wpy; xd;iw vLg;ghu;fs;. mtw;wpy; ‘Mk;!' vd;W vOjg;gl;l mk;G te;jhy; mr;nraiyr; nra;thu;fs;. ‘Ntz;lhk;' vd;W vOjg;gl;l mk;G te;jhy; mr;nraiy mt;tUlk; js;spg;Nghl;L mLj;j tUlk; nra;thu;fs;. vJTk; vOjg;glhj mk;G te;jhy; Ke;jpa ,uz;by; xd;W tUk;tiu jpUk;gj; jpUk;g vLj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;ghu;fs;.

%d;whtJ tif: ,e;j mk;Gfspy; ‘kpd;Fk;' (cq;fspy; cs;stu;) vd;W vOjg;gl;l Xu; mk;Gk; ‘kpd;ifFk;' (cq;fspy; cs;stu; my;yu;) vd;W vOjg;gl;l Xu; mk;Gk;> ‘Ky;]f;' (,izf;fg;gl;ltu;) vd;W vOjg;gl;l Xu; mk;Gk; vd %d;W mk;Gfs; ,Uf;Fk;. mtu;fspy; vtUf;NfDk; xUtuJ tkprk; gw;wp re;Njfk; vOe;jhy; mtiu 100 jpu;`k; 100 xl;liffSld; ‘`{Gy;' vd;w rpiyaplk; mioj;J tUthu;fs;. jhq;fs; nfhz;L te;j ehzaq;fisAk; xl;lfq;fisAk; mk;GfSf;Fg; nghWg;ghd g+rhhpaplk; nfhLj;J Fwp Nfl;ghu;fs;. g+rhhp mk;ig vLg;ghu;. mg;NghJ ‘kpd;Fk;' vd vOjg;gl;l mk;G te;jhy;> mtiuj; jq;fsJ ,dj;ijr; Nru;e;jtuhf xg;Gf; nfhs;thu;fs;. ‘kpd; iqFk;' vd;w mk;G te;jhy; mtiuj; jq;fSld; el;Gnfhz;l Nfhj;jpuj;ijr; Nru;e;jtuhff; fUJthu;fs;. ‘Ky;]f;' vd vOjg;gl;l mk;G te;jhy; mtu; mNj epiyapy; ePbg;ghu;. mjhtJ mtUf;F ve;j tkprg; guk;giuAk; fpilahJ. ve;j el;G Nfhj;jpuj;ij Nru;e;jtuhfTk; mtiuf; fUj khl;lhu;fs;. (,g;D `p\hk;)

,JNghd;Nw mk;Gfs; %yk; #jhLk; xU gof;fKk; mtu;fsJ tof;fj;jpy; ,Ue;jJ. mjhtJ> mtu;fs; Xu; xl;lifia fldhf thq;fp tUthu;fs;. gpwF mij mWj;J 28 my;yJ 10 gq;Ffshfg; gphpg;ghu;fs;. mtu;fsplk; ,uz;L mk;Gfs; ,Uf;Fk;. xd;wpy; ‘uhgp`;' vd;Wk; ,uz;lhtjpy; ‘F/g;y;' vd;Wk; mugpapy; vOjg;gl;bUf;Fk;. xt;nthUthpd; ngaiuAk; $wp mk;Gfis cUTk;NghJ ‘uhgp`;' vd;w mk;G te;jhy; mtu; gzk; nfhLf;fhky; ,iwr;rpapy; mtUf;Fhpa gq;if kl;Lk; vLj;Jf; nfhs;thu;. ‘F/g;y;' vd;w mk;G te;jhy; mtu; Njhy;tpaile;jtu; Mthu;. mtUf;F ,iwr;rpapy; gq;F vJTk; fpilf;fhJ. Mdhy;> me;j KO xl;liff;fhd tpiyiaAk; mtNu nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.

mt;thNw mtu;fs; Kaypd; nfz;ilf;fhy; gFjpia jq;fsJ ,y;yq;fspy; njhq;f tpLthu;fs;. (ek; ehl;by; ehpg;gy;> Gypg;gy; kapy; ,wF Nghd;wtw;iw gad;gLj;JtJNghy) rpy ehs;fs;> khjq;fs;> gpuhzpfs;> tPLfs;> ngz;fs; Mfpatw;wpYk; mgrFdk; ghu;j;jdu;. NkYk;> njhw;W Neha; ,Ug;gjhfTk; ek;gpdu;. NkYk; ‘`hk;kh' vd;gJk; mtu;fsJ ek;gpf;ifahf ,Ue;jJ. mjhtJ> ‘‘xUtd; nfhiy nra;ag;gl;lhy; nfhiyahspaplk; gop jPu;f;fg;glhjtiu mtdJ Md;kh rhe;jpailahky; tPLfspd; Nky; Me;ij cUtpy; gwe;Jnfhz;L ‘‘jhfk;! jhfk;! vd; jhfj;ijj; jzpAq;fs;! vd; jhfj;ijj; jzpAq;fs;'' vd $r;rypl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. nfhiyahspia gopthq;fpdhy; kl;LNk Md;kh rhe;jpailAk;'' vdTk; ek;gpf;if nfhz;bUe;jdu;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

1) Fiw\pfs; ,t;thW $wp te;jdu;: ehq;fs; egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fspd; re;jjpfs;; Gdpj kf;fhtpd; g+u;tFbfs;; rq;ifkpF fmghtpd; epu;thfpfs;. MfNt ‘‘vq;fisg; Nghd;w me;j];Njh chpikfNsh NtW mugpau; vtUf;Fk; fpilahJ'' vd;wdu;. mtu;fs; jq;fSf;F ‘`{k;];' vdg; ngahpl;Lf; nfhz;ldu;. `[; fhyq;fspy; ehq;fs; `ukpd; vy;iyia tpl;L ntspNawp `py; (`uk; my;yhj) gFjpfSf;Fr; nry;yf; $lhJ vd;W $wp mtu;fs; `[; fhyj;jpy; mu/ghtpy; jq;f khl;lhu;fs;. K[;jyp/ghtpy; ,Ue;Nj jpUk;gp tpLthu;fs;. ,jidj; jil nra;J my;yh`; gpd;tUk; Fu;Md; trdj;ij ,wf;fpdhd;>

4) `ukpd; ntspg; gFjpapypUe;J tUgtu;fs; fmghit tyk; tUk;NghJ ‘`{k;];'fs; nfhLf;Fk; Milfis mzpe;Nj tyk; tUtij Muk;gpf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;fhf ntspapypUe;J tUk; Mz;fSf;F Fiw\p Mz;fSk;> mNj Nghd;W ngz;fSf;Ff; Fiw\pg; ngz;fSk; Milfis ed;ikiaf; fUjp ,ytrkhff; nfhLj;J te;jdu;. Milfs; fpilf;fhj gl;rj;jpy; Mz;fs; epu;thzkhf tyk; tUthu;fs;. ngz;fs; jq;fsJ midj;J MilfisAk; fise;Jtpl;L Kd;gFjp jpwe;Js;s xU Nky; rl;ilia kl;Lk; mzpe;Jnfhz;L tyk; tUthu;fs;. mg;NghJ mg;ngz;fs; ,f;ftpijiaf; $Wthu;fs;.

‘‘,d;W (clypd;) rpy gFjpfNsh my;yJ KOg; gFjpNah ntspg;gLfpwJ. mtw;wpy; vJ ntspg;gLfpwNjh mijf; fhz;gJ vtUf;Fk; Kiwaw;wJ.''

1) /gy];jPdj;ij ‘Gf;J e];U' vd;w kd;dd; fp.K. 587 Mk; Mz;L ifg;gw;wp mq;F tho;e;j åju;fis neUf;fbf;Fs;shf;fpdhd;. åju;fspd; efuq;fis mopj;J mtu;fsJ trpg;gplq;fis ehrkhf;fpdhd;. NkYk;> mtu;fspy; mjpfkhNdhiu ghgpy; efUf;F ifjpfshf;fpf; nfhz;L nrd;whd;. ,jdhy; mtu;fspy; xU gphptpdu; /gy];jPdj;ij Jwe;J `p[h]pd; tl gFjpfspy; FbNawpdu;.

2) fp.gp. 70 Mk; Mz;by; ‘ill];' vd;w Nuhkhdpa kd;dd; /gy];jPid ifg;gw;wpdhd;. mtd; åju;fisAk; mtu;fsJ trpg;gplq;fisAk; mopj;njhopj;jhd;. mjd; tpisthf Vuhskhd åju;fs; `p [h]; gFjpapYs;s kjPdh> ifgu;> jPkh Mfpa efuq;fspy; FbNawpdu;. mq;F jq;fSf;nfd rpwe;j trpg;gplq;fisAk; Nfhl;ilf; nfhj;jsq;fisAk; Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;ldu;. ,e;j åju;fshy; mugpau;fspilNa åj kjk; gut Muk;gpj;jJ. ,];yhkpd; tUiff;F Kd;Gk; ,];yhKila tUifapd; Muk;g fhyf;fl;lj;jpYk; ele;j murpay; rhu;e;j midj;J epfo;TfspYk; åj kjj;jpw;Ff; Fwpg;gplj; jFe;j Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ,Ue;jJ. ,];yhk; Njhd;wpaNghJ ,UgJf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l åj Nfhj;jpuq;fs; mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpy; ,Ue;jd. mtw;wpy; gpugykhdit ifgu;> eoPu;> K];jyf;> Fiush> ifDfh/ Mfpa Nfhj;jpuq;fshFk;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp> t/ghTy; t/gh)

‘Jg;ghd; m];mj; mg+ fug;' vd;gtdhy; åjkjk; akd; ehl;bYk; Eioe;jJ. ,td; kjPdhtpd; kPJ Nghu; njhLj;jhd;. gpwF mq;Nf> åju;fs; %yk; åj kjj;ijj; jOtpdhd;. Fiush FLk;gj;ijr; rhu;e;j ,U åj mwpQu;fis mtd; jd;Dld; akd; ehl;Lf;F mioj;Jr; nrd;whd;. mjpypUe;J akdpy; åjkjk; gutpaJ. mg+ fuGf;Fg; gpwF mtdJ kfd; å]{g; J} Eth]; akdpd; murdhdhd;. mtd; e[;uhd; gFjpapypUe;j fpwp];Jtu;fs; kPJ gilnaLj;J mtu;fis åj kjj;jpw;F khWk;gb epu;g;ge;jpj;jhd;. mtu;fs; kWj;JtplNt ngUk; mfopfisj; Njhz;b mij neUg;Gf; Fz;lkhf Mf;fp mjpy; Mz;> ngz;> Foe;ijfs; vd;w ve;j NtWghLk; ghu;f;fhky; midtiuAk; J} eth]; tPrp vwpe;jhd;. mjpy; Vwj;jho ,Ugjhapuj;jpypUe;J ehw;gjhapuk; fpwp];Jtu;fs; tiu nfhy;yg;gl;ldu;. ,e;epfo;r;rp fp.gp. 523k; Mz;L mf;Nlhgu; khjk; eilngw;wJ. (,g;D `p\hk;)

fpwp];Jt kjk;: `g\pau; kw;Wk; rpy Nuhkhdpa FOf;fspd; Mf;fpukpg;Gfshy; mugpa ehLfSf;Fs; ,k;kjk; GFe;jJ. `g\pfs; akd; ehl;il Kjd;Kiwahf fp.gp. 340 Mk; Mz;by; ifg;gw;wpdu;. mtu;fsJ Mf;fpukpg;G ePz;l fhyk; epiyj; jpUf;ftpy;iy. fp.gp. 370ypUe;J 378 tiuAs;s fhyj;jpy; mtu;fs; akdpypUe;J tpul;babf;fg;gl;lhu;fs;. vdpDk;> fpwp];Jt kjj;ijg; gug;Gtjpy; mtu;fs; ntwpnfhz;L miye;jdu;. `g\pau;fspd; Mf;fpukpg;G fhyj;jpy; fpwp];Jt kjj;ijr; rhu;e;j ‘/gPk;åd;' vDk; Xu; ,iwNeru; e[;uhd; te;jile;jhu;. mq;F trpg;gtu;fis fpwp];Jtj;ijj; jOt mioj;jhu;. mtd; tha;ikiaAk; mtuJ Nehpa khu;f;fj;ijAk; fz;l mk;kf;fs; Mu;tj;Jld; fpwp];Jtj;jpy; ,ize;jdu;. (,g;D `p\hk;)

e[;uhdpy; trpj;j fpwp];Jtu;fis kd;dd; J} Eth]; neUg;G mfopapy; vhpj;Jf; nfhd;whdy;yth! mjw;Fg; gopthq;Fk; Kfkhf `g\pau;fs; ,uz;lhtJ Kiwahf fp.gp 525Mk; Mz;by; akidf; ifg;gw;wpdu;. mg;NghJ ‘mg;u`h my; m\;uk;' vd;gtd; akid Ml;rp nra;jhd;. mtd; fpwp];Jtj;ij jPtpukhf gug;Gtjpy; kpFe;j Mu;tk; fhl;bdhd;. mtd; akdpy; xU fpwp];Jt Nfhapiyf; fl;bdhd;. fmghit `[;[{ nra;ar;nry;Yk; mugpau;fs; `[;[{f;fhf fmgh nry;tijj; jLj;J> jhd; fl;ba Nfhapiyj; jhprpf;f tuNtz;Lk;; fmghit ,bj;Jj; jfu;j;jpl Ntz;Lnkd tpUk;gpdhd;. Mdhy; fLe;jz;lidahy; my;yh`; mtid mopj;Jtpl;lhd;.

,];yhkpag; Ngnuhsp gpufhrpf;fj; njhlq;fpaNghJ ,k;kjq;fisNa mugpau;fs; gpd;gw;wpf; nfhz;bUe;jdu;. mjw;F Kd;gpUe;Nj nfhQ;rk; nfhQ;rkhf ,k;kjq;fs; tPo;r;rpaila Muk;gpj;jd. ‘ehq;fNs egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fspd; khu;f;fj;jpy; epiyj;jpUf;fpNwhk;' vd tha;g;ge;jy; fl;bapUe;j K\;hpf;Ffs; cz;ikapy; egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fSila khu;f;fr; rl;l Vty;fisAk; tpyf;fy;fisAk; gpd;gw;WtjpypUe;J ntFJ}uk; tpyfpapUe;jdu;. mtu;fs; fw;Wj; je;j ew;gz;Gfis KOJk; Gwf;fzpj;J tho;e;jdu;. mtu;fspilNa Fw;wq;fs; kype;J> rpiy tzq;fpfsplk; ,Uf;Fk; %l ek;gpf;iffSk; topNfLfSk; fhy Xl;lj;jpy; mtu;fspd; kjr; rlq;Ffshf khwpd. ,r;rlq;FfSk; %l ek;gpf;iffSk; mtu;fsJ rka> r%f> murpay; tho;f;ifapd; midj;J JiwfspYk; ngUk; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;jpd.

mugpau;fspd; Vida kjf;Nfhl;ghLfs; rpiytzq;fpfspd; kjf;Nfhl;ghLfSf;F xj;jpUe;jd. mtu;fspd; ,jaq;fs;> nfhs;iffs;> %lek;gpf;iffs;> gof;ftof;fq;fs; $l xd;Wgl;bUe;jd.

Kjy; tif: ,d;W kf;fspilNa eilKiwapYs;s jpUkzj;ijg; Nghd;wjhFk;. xUtu; kw;nwhUthpd; nghWg;gpYs;s xU ngz;izNah my;yJ mtUila kfisNah ngz; Ngrp ‘k`;u;' (tpthff; nfhil) nfhLj;J kze;J nfhs;thu;.

,uz;lhk; tif: xUtu; jk; kidtpaplk; ‘‘eP cd; khjtplhapypUe;J J}a;ik mile;jTld; ,d;d egUld; gLf;ifiag; gfpu;e;J nfhs;!'' vd;W $wp mDg;gp tpLthu;. mjd;gpd; me;j kdpju; %yk; fu;g;gkhdJ njhpAk;tiu mtu; jd; kidtpAld; Nruhky; tpyfp ,Ug;ghu;. me;j kdpju; %yk; mts; fu;g;gkhfp tpl;lhnsdj; njhpate;jhy; jd; tpUg;gj;jpw;Nfw;g fztu; mtSld; Nru;e;J nfhs;thu;. jplfhj;jpukpf;f Foe;ij gpwf;f Ntz;Lnkd;w Mu;tj;jpdhNyNa ,t;thW nra;J te;jdu;. ,e;jj; jpUkzj;jpw;F ‘epfh`{y; ,];jpg;ohT' vd;W mugpapy; ngau; $wg;gLk;.

%d;whk; tif: gj;Jg; NgUf;Ff; Fiwthd xU FOtpdu; xd;W$b mtu;fs; midtUk; xNu ngz;Zld; cwT nfhs;thu;fs;. mts; fu;g;gkhfp Foe;ij gpurtpj;j rpy ehl;fSf;Fg; gpd; mtu;fs; midtiuAk; jd;dplk; tur; nrhy;ths;. mtu;fs; midtUk; vt;tpj kWg;Gkpd;wp mtsplk; xd;W $Lthu;fs;. mtu;fsplk; mts;: ‘‘ePq;fs; nra;jJ cq;fSf;Fj; njhpe;jNj! (,g;NghJ) vdf;Ff; Foe;ij gpwe;J tpl;lJ'' vd;W $wptpl;L (mtu;fspy; xUtiu Nehf;fp) ‘‘,J cd; Foe;ijNa'' vd jhd; tpUk;gpatd; ngaiuf; Fwpg;gpLths;. mf;Foe;ij me;j eghplk; xg;gilf;fg;gLk;. mij midtUk; Vw;Wf;nfhs;thu;fs;.

,J Fwpj;J egp (]y;) mtu;fspd; Kd;dpiyapy; xU kdpju; vOe;J ‘‘my;yh`;tpd; J}jNu! ,d;dtd; vd; kfdhthd;. mwpahikf; fhyj;jpy; ehd; mtdJ jhAld; tpgrhuk; nra;Js;Nsd; vd;whu;. mjw;F egp (]y;) mtu;fs; ‘‘,];yhkpa khu;f;fj;jpy; ,t;thwhd chpikf; NfhuYf;F tha;g;gpy;iy. mwpahikf; fhy nray;fnsy;yhk; Kbe;JNgha; tpl;ld. ,g;NghJ Foe;ij mjDila jhapd; fztidNa rhUk;. tpgrhuk; Ghpe;jtidf; fy;yhy; vwpe;J nfhy;yg;gLk;'' vd;W $wpdhu;fs;. (]{dd; mg+jh¥J)

‘‘ekJ Foe;ijfs; Gtpapy; jtOk; ekJ <uf;Fiyfshtu;.''

mugpau;fs; jq;fsJ FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fSf;Fs; kpf neUf;fkhd cwT itj;jpUe;jdu;. Fyg;ngUikf;fhfNt thoTk; Fyg;ngUikf;fhfNt rhfTk; Jzpe;jdu;. xNu Nfhj;jpuj;ij Nru;e;jtu;fs; jq;fSf;Fs; r%fg; gpj;Jk; ,dntwpAk; nfhz;L miye;jdu;. ,dthjKk; ,uj;j ge;jkhd FLk;gg; ghuk;ghpaKk; mtu;fsJ r%f mikg;gpd; m];jpthukhfj; jpfo;e;jd. mtu;fspilNa mwpag;gl;l ‘‘cd; rNfhjud; mepahaf;fhudhf ,Ue;jhYk; mePjp ,iof;fg;gl;ltdhf ,Ue;jhYk; mtDf;F eP cjtp nra;'' vd;w gonkhopapd; ntspg;gilahd nghUSf;Nfw;gNt mtu;fs; ele;J te;jhu;fs;. Mdhy;> ,];yhk; ,g;gonkhopf;F Neubg; nghUs; nfhs;tij khw;wp mepahaf; fhuid mtDila mepahaj;jpypUe;J jLg;gJjhd; mtDf;Fr; nra;Ak; cjtp vd nghUs; je;jJ. vdpDk;> rpy Neuq;fspy; jiyikj;Jtj;ij miltjw;fhf xNu tkprj;jpy; Njhd;wpatu;fs; $l jq;fSf;Fs; thnsLj;Jg; Nghhpl;Lf; nfhz;ldu;. vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf mt;];-f];u[;> mg;];-Jg;ahd;> gf;u;-jf;ypg; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; jiyikg; gjtpf;fhf jq;fSf;Fs; giftu;fshf ,Ue;jdu;.

mg+u[h my; cjhjp (uop) $Wfpwhu;: ‘‘u[G khjk; te;Jtpl;lhy; ehq;fs; <l;bfspd; $u;ikia mfw;Wk; khjk; te;Jtpl;lJ'' vd;W $wp <l;b> mk;Gfspd; Kidia mfw;wptpLNthk;. ,t;thNw kw;w Gdpj khjq;fspYk; ele;J nfhs;Nthk;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp. /gj;`{y; ghhp)

mugpau;fsplk; njhopy; Jiwfisg; gw;wpa mwpT fhzg;gltpy;iy. Jzp nea;jy;> Njhy; gjdpLjy; Nghd;w rpy njhopy; akd;> `Puh kw;Wk; ‘k\h/G\; \hk;' Mfpa gFjpfspy; kl;Lk; fhzg;gl;ld. mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpd; cl;Gwj;jpd; rpy gFjpfspy; tptrhaKk; fhy;eil tsu;g;Gk; eilngw;W te;jd. mugpag; ngz;fs; midtUk; nerTj; njhopy; nra;jdu;. vdpDk;> midj;J nry;tq;fSk; Nghu;fspy; nrytopj;J tPzbf;fg;gl;ld. mtu;fspilNa tWikAk; gQ;rKk; jiytphpj;jhbaJ. mzptjw;fhd Milfs; $l ,y;yhky; jtpj;jdu;.

mf;fhy kf;fspilNa nrk;ikahd rpe;jidNah gFj;jwpNth ,y;iy vd;gjhy; mf;fhyj;ij ‘‘mwpahikf;fhyk;'' vd tUzpf;fg;gl;lJ. Vw;f ,ayhj nray;ghLfSk; ,opthd elj;ijfSk; Fb nfhz;bUe;jd. mNj Neuj;jpy; tpaf;fj;jf;f rpy mhpa gz;GfSk; mtu;fsplk; Fbnfhz;bUe;jd.

mtu;fsplkpUe;j ju;k rpe;jidapd; tpisthf kJ mUe;Jtij ngUikf;Fhpajhf fUjpdu;. mJ xU rpwg;ghd nray; vd;gjw;fhf mjid mtu;fs; Nerpf;ftpy;iy. khwhf> kJ mUe;JtJ ju;kk; nra;tjw;fhd xU topahf ,Uf;fpwJ. nry;tj;ij thhp ,iwg;gij kdjpw;F vspjhf;FfpwJ vd;gjhy; mij Nerpj;jdu;. mjdhNyNa jpuhl;irf; nfhbf;F ‘fuk;' (nfhil) vd;Wk; mjpypUe;J gpopag;gl;l kJTf;F ‘gpd;Jy; fuk;' (nfhilapd; Gjy;tp) vdTk; ngahpl;bUe;jdu;. vdNtjhd;> kJ mUe;Jtij ngUikg;gLj;jpAk; Gfo;e;Jk; gy muGf;ftpijfs; mwpahikf; fhyj;jpy; ,aw;wg;gl;lij ehk; ghu;f;fpNwhk;.

‘‘kjpa Ntisf;Fg; gpd; tbfl;bAld; cs;s

(egpNa!) kJitg; gw;wpAk; #jhl;lj;ijg; gw;wpAk; cq;fsplk; Nfl;fpd;wdu;. (mjw;F) ePq;fs; $Wq;fs;: ‘‘mt;tpuz;bYk; ngUk; ghtq;fSk; ,Uf;fpd;wd kdpju;fSf;Fr; rpy gad;fSk; ,Uf;fpd;wd. Mdhy;> mtw;wpYs;s ghtk; mtw;wpd; gaid tpl kpfg; nghpJ.'' (my;Fu;Md; 2 : 219)

2) xg;ge;jq;fis epiwNtw;wy;: mtu;fs; xg;ge;jq;fis epiwNtw;WtjpYk; thf;Ffisf; fhg;ghw;WtjpYk; kpf cWjpahf ,Ue;jdu;. jq;fsJ gps;isfs; nfhiy nra;ag;gl;lhYk; jq;fsJ tPLfs; jfu;f;fg;gl;lhYk; mJ Fwpj;J rpwpJk; ,yl;rpak; nra;ahky; jq;fsJ xg;ge;jj;ij epiwNtw;wpdu;. ,jw;F `hdp ,g;D k];¥j; i\ghdp> ]kt;my; ,g;D Mjpah Nghd;wtu;fspd; rk;gtq;fs; rhd;whFk;. (,jpYs;s `hdpapd; rk;gtk; ‘`Puh ehl;by; Ml;rp' vd;w jiyg;gpy; nrd;Ws;sJ.)

mLj;J ]kt;my; ,g;D Mjpah gw;wpa rk;gtkhtJ: ]kt;myplk; ,k;uTy; if]; rpy ftr Milfis mkhdpjkhff; nfhLj;jpUe;jhu;. ‘`h];' vd;w f];]hdpa kd;dd; mjid mgfhpf;f ehbdhd;. ]kt;my; jPkhtpYs;s jdJ Nfhl;ilapy; jQ;rk; GFe;jhd;. mtUila gps;isfspy; xUtu; Nfhl;ilf;F ntspapy; khl;bf;nfhz;lhu;. mtiu kd;dd; `h]; gzakhfg; gpbj;Jf;nfhz;L ftr Milfis nfhLf;fhtpl;lhy; gps;isiaf; nfhd;W tpLNtd; vd kpul;bdhd;. ]kt;my; nfhLf;f kWj;J jd; fz;nzjpNu jd; gps;is nfhy;yg;gLtijAk; rfpj;Jf;nfhz;lhu;.

mtu;fsplkpUe;j kpf cahpa gz;Gfspy; ‘‘xg;ge;jq;fis epiwNtw;Wjy;'' vd;w ew;gz;Gf;F mLj;jjhf ‘‘cau;thd fhhpaq;fis epiwNtw;Wtjpy; cWjpahf ,Uj;jy;'' vd;w gz;G kf;fSf;F kpf ed;ik gaf;ff; $bajhFk;. Vnddpy;> jPikfisAk; Fog;gq;fisAk; fise;J ePjpiaAk; ed;ikiaAk; epiy epWj;Jtjw;F ,e;j gz;G kpf mtrpakhf ,Uf;fpwJ.

Nkw;$wg;gl;lit kl;Lkpd;wp ,d;Dk; gy mhpa gz;GfSk; cahpa Fzq;fSk; mtu;fsplk; ,Ue;jd. mit midj;ijAk; ,q;F $WtJ ekJ Nehf;fky;y.