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,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfsJ fdTfs;


,e;jg; G+kpg; ge;ij tpl;Nl ,];yhj;ijj; Jilj;J vwpe;J tplyhk; vd;gJ ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfsJ fdthf ,Ue;J tUfpd;wJ. Mdhy; ,tHfsJ ,e;jf; fdT epiwNtwhj xd;W vd;gij mtHfs; mwpe;Nj itj;jpUf;fpd;whHfs;. vdNt> mtHfs; ,];yhj;Jld; ,ize;J tho;tJ jq;fshy; rhj;jpakw;wJ vd;W fUjpf; nfhz;ltHfshf> rpy rlq;F rk;gpujhaq;fSld; gtdp tUk; fpwp];jtj;jpidg; Nghy ,];yhkpaHfSk; tho Ntz;Lk; vd;W tpUk;Gfpd;whHfs;. ,d;Dk; ,];yhkpa vjphpfs; ,];yhk; ,d;dnjd;W tiuaiw nra;J jUtij> mjid K];ypk;fs; Vw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; mtHfs; tpUk;Gfpd;whHfs;. ,e;j tifapy; fle;j %d;W E}w;whz;Lfshf fLikahf mtHfs; cioj;jjd; tpisT> ,jpy; mtHfs; gy ntw;wpfisAk; ngw;Ws;shHfs;. me;j %d;W E}w;whz;bd; ,ilawhj mtHfspd; ciog;gpd; fhuzkhf Nghypahd ,];yhkpa mq;fj;jtHfisAk;> Gjpa gphpTfisAk;> Gjpa nfhs;iffs; kw;Wk; ,];yhj;jpw;Fs;NsNa fUj;JKuz;ghLs;s mk;rq;fis Vw;gLj;Jjy; Nghd;wtw;iw cUthf;fp tpLtjpy; mtHfs; ntw;wp ngw;Nw ,Uf;fpd;whHfs; vd;Nw $w Ntz;Lk;.

cynfq;Fk; tho;e;J nfhz;bUf;fpd;w K];ypk;fs; jq;fspd; tho;tpay; newpfshff; filgpbf;Fk; FHMd; kw;Wk; ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfspd; topKiwfs; Mfpatw;iw tpl;Lk;> K];ypk;fis ghuhKfkhf;fp tpl Ntz;Lk; vd;W mtHfs; ufrpakhd Kiwapy; ,ize;J nray;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUg;gJ xd;Wk; ufrpakhdnjhd;wy;y. fpwp];jtj;jpy; cs;s kj topghl;L Kiwfisg; Nghd;W ,];yhj;jpYk; ,Uf;Fnkd;W nrhd;dhy;> mj;jifa ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhs;sj; jahuhf ,Uf;fpd;whHfNs jtpu> cz;ikahd ,];yhj;ij mtHfs; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sj; jahuhf ,y;iy.

 

,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfis %d;W tifapduhfg; gphpf;fyhk;.

(1) kjr;rhHgw;w mbg;gilthjpfs;>

(2) A+j kw;Wk; ,e;J kj mbg;gilthjpfs;> kw;Wk;

(3) fpwp];jt mbg;gilthjpfs;.

,e;j %d;W mzpapdUk; ,ize;Jk;> xUtUf;nfhUtH gu];guk; cjtpf; nfhz;Lk;> mtutH jq;fSf;F xJf;fg;gl;l ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;J mjw;fhd gzpfis xUq;fpizj;Jf; nfhz;Lk; nray;gl;L tUfpd;whHfs;. ,tHfs; midtiuAk; xd;W NrHj;jhy; mnkhpf;f [dj;njhifapy; 4 rjtpfpjj;jpduhfTk; my;yJ 10 kpy;ypaDf;Fk; Fiwthd njhifiaf; nfhz;ltHfshfTNk ,Ug;ghHfs;. ,Ug;gpDk;> ,e;j rpW njhifapdhplk; vy;iyapy;yhj mjpfhuq;fSk; kw;Wk; kf;fis trPfhpf;Fk; jd;ikAk; $l cz;L. ,tHfisj; jtpHj;J Vida 96 rjtPjj;jpdH fz;%bf; nfhz;L gpd;gw;Wk; mwpahikr; r%fkhfTk; ,d;Dk; ,e;j ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfs; nrhy;tij ek;gf; $batHfshfTk; ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;. ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfSf;Fk; kw;Wk; mtHfisf; fz;iz %bf;nfhz;L gpd;gw;wpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; kf;fisAk; vt;thW gphpf;f KbAnkd;W nrhd;dhy;> ,ilawhj mwpT+l;Lk; eltbf;ifapd; %ykhf> gpur;rhug; gzpfspd; %ykhf K];ypk;fshy; rhjpf;f KbAk;.

,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfs; jq;fis caH jFjpkpf;f mwpthspfshf mjhtJ> kUj;JtH> NguhrphpaH> nutnuz;l;> Ma;thsH ,d;Dk; ,J Nghd;w gl;lq;fis Kd;dpWj;jpf; nfhz;L jq;fis r%fj;jpw;F mwpKfg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;sf; $batuhf ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;. ,d;Dk; ,tHfsJ fUj;Jf;fSf;F ,d;iwa Clfq;fs; mjpKf;fpaj;Jtj;ijAk; toq;FtNjhL> ,tHfsJ fy;tpj; jFjp kw;Wk; gpd;dzp Mfpait mtHfs; nrhy;y tUfpd;w fUj;Jf;fSf;F tYr;NrHg;gdthfTk; cs;sJ. ,jw;F rpy vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf;fis ehk; ,q;F Kd; itf;fyhk;> lhf;lH uhgHl; NkhNu> lhf;lH mdp]; \hHNuh\;> nuntnuz;l; ghl; uhgHl;]d;> nutnuz;l; gpy;yp fpu`hk;> NguhrphpaH ]hk; `z;bq;ld;> NguhrphpaH. Nldpay; igg;]; kw;Wk; gyH.

kjr;rhHgw;w mbg;gilthjpfisg; nghWj;jtiu jq;fis r%fj;jpy; mwpthspfshf ,dq;fhl;bf; nfhz;bUg;gtHfs;> ,tHfs; kjk; vd;gJ kf;fspd; tho;f;iff;F xj;Jtuhj xd;W vd;W fUJk; mNjNtisapy;> kf;fs; jdpg;gl;l Kiwapy; flTs; my;yJ gy flTfs;fspd; kPJ kj ek;gpf;if nfhs;tjidr; rfpj;Jf; nfhs;sf; $batHfshf ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;. ,tHfspy; rpyH gytPdkhd flTs; ek;gpf;if nfhz;ltHfshf xU flTisNah my;yJ gy flTs;fisNah tzq;ff; $batHfshf ,Uf;fpd;w mNjNtisapy;> jq;fsJ ek;gpf;iff;Fk; r%f> nghUshjhu kw;Wk; murapy; tho;f;iff;Fk; jhq;fs; Vw;W ek;gpf;if nfhz;bUf;fpd;w flTs; nfhs;iff;Fk; VNjDk; njhlHgpUf;fpd;wjh vd;gijf; ftdpg;gjpy;iy> ,tHfspy; me;j kjq;fspd; FUkhHfshfj; jpfof; $batHfSk; mlq;Ffpd;whHfs;. ,j;jifatHfs; Fwpg;ghf ,];yhj;jpw;F vjphpilahf ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;> Vnddpy;> ,];yhk; vd;gJ xU nfhs;ifAld; gpizf;fg;gl;l r%fr; #oiy cUthf;f tpistNjhL> ,jd; fhuzkhf kjr;rhHg;gw;w nfhs;ifAld; Nghl;b Nghlf; $bajhfTk; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. ,aw;ifahfNt> ,e;j kjr;rhHgw;w nfhs;ifAilatHfspd; Nehf;fNk ,];yhj;jpid Kw;whf mopj;J tpl Ntz;Lk; vd;gNjahFk;> ,jw;fhd njspthf jpl;lKk; mtHfsplk; cz;L. NkNy ehk; Rl;bf; fhl;bAs;s %d;W tifapdhpy; ,e;j kjr;rhHgw;w mbg;gilthjpfNs vz;zpf;ifapy; mjpfk; ,Ug;gNjhL> kpfTk; gyk; tha;e;jtHfshfTk; ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;. Vnddpy;> ,e;jf; FOtpdhpy; murpay;thjpfs;> gj;jphpf;ifahsHfs;> tpahghhpfs;> NguhrphpaHfs;> MrphpaHfs; kw;Wk; Nkiyehl;Lg; nghJkf;fspd; ngUk; gFjpapdH ,e;jf; FOtpy; mq;fk; tfpf;ff; $batHfshf ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;. ,tHfs; jhd; murhq;fr; rf;fuj;ij ,af;ff; $batHfshfTk;> If;fpa ehLfs; rig kw;Wk; mjd; Jiz mikg;Gfis Mf;fpukpj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;gtHfshftk;> tq;fpfs;> rHtNjr tzpfj; jsq;fs;> mwpthspfspd; FOkq;fs;> gy;fiyf;fofq;fs;> gs;spf;$l epHthfq;fs;> epjpepWtd mikg;Gfs;> ed;nfhil mikg;Gfs; vd;W vq;fpDk; mtHfs; epiwe;J fhzg;gLfpd;whHfs;. ,tHfs; jhd; ,];yhj;jpid vjpHf;ff; $ba ,af;fq;fis ,af;ff; $ba jiyikfs; MthHfs;. ,j;jifa jPtputhjpfisAk;> Vkhw;Wg; NgHtopfisAk; ehk; NguhrphpaHfshfTk;> JiwrhH epGzHfshfTk;> FUkhHfshfTk;> fy;tpahsHfshfTk; kw;Wk; mwpTrhHepGzHfshfTk; ,Uf;ff; fhzyhk;.

xd;iw kdjpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. midj;J kjr;rhHg;gw;w murpay;thjpfSk; ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfsy;y. khwhf> mtHfspy; ngUk;gFjpapdH NeubahfNth my;yJ kiwKfkhfNth ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfshf ,Uf;fpd;whHfs; vd;gNj cz;ikahFk;. ,e;j vjphpfs; Muha;r;rpfspd; %ykhfTk;> fy;tpj;Jiw rhHe;j tifapYk;> ntspaPLfs; %ykhfTk;> Gj;jfq;fs;> gj;jphpf;iffspy; gj;jphpf;ifj; JiwrhH epGzHfisf; nfhz;Lk; ,];yhj;jpw;F vjpuhd fUj;Jf;fisg; gug;gf; $batHfshf ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;. ,t;thwhf> mtHfs; r%fj;jpy; thof; $ba kf;fspd; %isfspy; jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jf; $batHfshf ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;.

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,];yhj;ijAk; mjidg; gpd;gw;Wfpd;w K];ypk;fisAk; jPikfspd; rpd;dq;fshf cUtfg;gLj;jpf; fhz;gpj;J> A+jk; kw;Wk; ,e;J kjk; jhd; rpwe;jJ vd;W rhpfhz;gJ. ,jd; %yk; K];ypk;fis kdpjhgpkhdkw;wtHfshfTk;> jPikfspd; gpwg;gplq;fshfTk; ,Ug;gNj me;jf; nfhs;iff;FhpaJ vd;W gpur;rhuk; nra;tJ. ,jd; %yk; ,j;jifa jPa rf;jpfis ,e;jg; G+kpapypUe;J fistJ my;yJ nfhy;tJ rhpahdnjhU nray;Kiwjhd; vd;gjidAk;> K];ypk;fsJ nrhj;Jf;fisr; #iwahLtJ> mtHfis mlf;FKiwf;Fs;shf;FtJ kw;Wk; mtHfisf; ifJ nra;J rpiwf;fk;gpfSf;F eLNt rpj;jutijfSf;F cs;shf;FtJ Mfpa midj;Jk; mtrpakhdnjhd;Nw vd;W jq;fsJ nray;fSf;F> ,e;j ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfs; epahaq;fisf; fw;gpj;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wdH. ,jd; fhuzkhfNt xU vypia ,e;j cyfj;jpy; nfhy;yg;gLtJ gj;jphpf;ifr; nra;jpfspYk; njhiyf;fhl;rpr; nra;jpfspy; Kd;Dhpik nfhLj;J xspgug;gg;gLtjpYk; ,e;j vjphpfs; fhl;Lfpd;w mf;fiw> xU K];ypk; nrj;jhy; my;yJ nfhy;yg;gl;lhy; Njitaw;w nra;jp Nghy mtw;iw jiyg;Gr; nra;jpfspy; kl;Lky;y> ngl;br; nra;jpfspy; NghLtjw;Ff; $l ,lk; kWf;fg;gLfpd;w mty epiyia ehk; md;whlk; fz;L tUfpd;Nwhk;. mNjNtisapy; xU A+jNdh my;yJ ,e;JNth xU K];ypkpdhy; nfhiy nra;ag;gl;L tpl;lhy;> mJ md;iwa jpdg; gj;jphpf;iffspYk;> njhiyf;fhl;rpr; nra;jpfspYk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLj;J gpuRhpf;fg;gl;L> xspgug;gg;gLtij ehk; fhz KbAk;. ghy];jPdpaHfs; mtHfsJ nrhe;j ehl;by; mlf;FKiwf;F cs;shf;Fg;gLtijAk;> fh\;kPHfs; kf;fs; gLk; mt];ijfs; kw;Wk; fhty;epiyag; gLnfhiyfisAk;> nrrd;ahtpy; xLf;fg;gLk; K];ypk;fisg; gw;wpNah ,e;j Nkw;FyF fz;L nfhs;shJ> tha; %b nksdpahf ,Uf;Fk;> mtHfsJ Jd;gq;fisf; fz;L ,uf;fk; $l fhl;l vj;jzpf;fhJ vd;gJ jhd; NrhfkhdJ. jq;fsJ nrhe;j chpikfSf;fhfg; Nghuhlf; $ba K];ypk;fis nte;j Gz;zpy; Nty; gha;r;RtJ Nghy ''jPtputhjpfs;"" vd;w milnkhopg; ngaH nfhz;L miof;f kl;Lk; ,e;j Nkw;FyF jtWtjpy;iy. ,];yhj;jpw;F vjpuhf ,e;j Nkw;FyF filgpbf;ff; $ba nfhs;iff;F xU cjhuzj;ijr; nrhy;y Ntz;Lnkd;why;> ,e;NjhNd\pahtpy; cs;s fpof;Fj; ij%H gpur;idiar; nrhy;yyhk;. ,e;NjhNd\pahtpd; xU gFjpahfpa ,e;j fpof;Fj; ij%H jPtpy; thOk; rpWghd;ik fpwp];jtHfs; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhff; fpsHe;njOe;J K];ypk;fisf; nfhiy nra;jNjhL kl;Lky;yhJ> mtHfsJ tzf;fj;jsq;fisj; jPapl;Lf; nfhSj;jpAk;> gaq;fu nfhiy fhu MAjq;fisf; nfhz;L K];ypk;fspd; njUf;fspy; tyk; te;jijAk; $wyhk;. ,e;jg; gaq;futhj eltbf;ifiaf; fz;bg;gjw;Fg; gjpyhf fpwp];jtHfspd; gf;fk; rha;e;J nfhz;L> ,e;NjhNd\pahtpd; gpbapypUe;J fpof;Fj; ij%iu tpLjiy nra;J nfhLj;J tpl;Lj; jhd; NtW Ntiy ghHj;jJ. Mdhy; mNjNtis> jq;fsJ mlf;FKiwfspypUe;J tpLjiy ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;fhf Nghuhbf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ghy];jPdk;> fh\;kPH> kpe;jhdhNth K];ypk;fs; ''jPtputhjpfshf"" rpj;jhpf;fg;gl;L> mtHfis ,d;Dk; xLf;Ftjw;F rk;ge;jg;gl;l mlf;FKiw Ml;rpahsHfSf;F ,e;j Nkw;FyF cjtpf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. ,jidj; jhd; ehk; ,ul;il Ntlk; vd;fpNwhk;. Vd; ,e;j ,ul;il msTNfhs;? mf;NlhgH 2000 y; xU E}W muG ,isQHfis mnkhpf;f kf;fspd; thpfspD}lhfg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl;l Jg;ghf;fpfisf; nfhz;L ,];Nuypa mlf;FKiw ,uhZtj;jpdH nfhiy nra;jhHfs;. ,jpy; gLnfhiy nra;ag;gl;l ngUk;ghyhdtHfs; ,isQHfshthHfs; kw;Wk; rpW Foe;ijfSk; mjpy; mlq;FtH. Mdhy; ,e;j gLnfhiyf;Ff; fhuzkhd ,];Nuiy ve;j mjpgUk;> ve;j murhq;fKk; Nfhgpj;Jf; nfhs;stpy;iy. fz;ldf; fizfs; gwf;ftpy;iy. Mdhy; mNjNtis> ,];Nuypa ,uhZtj;jhy; gLnfhiyfSf;Fg; gapw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l ,uz;L ,];Nuypa ,uhZtj;jpdiuf; ifAk; fsTkhfg; gpbj;J ghy];jPdpaHfs; nfhiy nra;jij> cyf kPbahf;fs; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLj;J Kjy; gf;fr; nra;jpahf> jiyg;Gr; nra;jpahf ntspapl;ld. gapw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l nfhiyfhuHfs; rkhjhdj; J}JtHfshfTk;> 6-16 taJ kjpf;fj;jf;f ,isQHfSk;> rpWtHfSk; jPtputhjpfshfTk; rpj;jhpf;fg;gLfpd;wdH. rpe;jpf;fj; jpuhzpaw;w kf;fs; jhd; ,j;jifa mtJ}Wr; nra;jpfis ek;gpf; nfhs;thHfs;. ,d;iwa mnkhpf;fhtpYk; Vida Nkw;FyfpYk; Nrhk;Ngwpj;jdKk;> ga NehAk;> Kuz;gl;l Nghf;Fk;> ftd <dKk;> K];ypk;fs; kw;Wk; K];ypk; jiytHfsJ nghLNghf;Fj; jdKk;> Fwpg;ghf Nkw;Fyfpy; thof; $ba K];ypk;fspd; Raeyg; Nghf;Fk; jhd; ,j;jifa nra;jpfs; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngwf; fhuzkhf mike;J tpLfpd;wd. Nkw;Fyfpy; thof; $ba K];ypk;fs; jq;fsJ tha;g;G tsq;fis Kiwahfg; gad;gLj;jpdhy;> ,jD}lhf mjpfhuKk; iftug; ngw;why; ,d;iwf;F ,Uf;Fk; epiyia Kw;wpYkhf khw;wp> ,];yhkpa vjpHg;G vd;w epiyia khw;wp> ,];yhkpa MjuT vd;w epiyiaf; nfhz;L te;J tplyhk;.

 

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mnkhpf;fhtpy; K];ypk;fspd; vz;zpf;if ehSf;Fehs; tsHe;J nfhz;Nl nry;tjhdJ> A+jHfisAk;> ,e;Jj;Jth rpe;jid nfhz;l kf;fisAk; mr;rk; nfhs;s itj;Js;sJ. K];ypk;fspd; vz;zpf;if ehSf;F ehs; tsHtjhdJ> murpay; hPjpahfTk;> nghUshjhu hPjpahfTk; jq;fSf;F kpfTk; neUf;fbia cz;lhf;Fk; vd;W mtHfs; fUjj;jiyg;gl;Ls;shHfs;. A+jHfspd; nry;thf;F vd;gJ gzj;ij tpijg;gjd; %ykhfTk;> murpay; jiyaPLfs;> Neuq;fis ,jw;fhf nrytopj;jy; kw;Wk; murpay;thjpfSf;fhd jpwikahdtHfis ,dq;fhZjy; Mfpatw;Wld; nray;gLfpd;whHfs;. mjhtJ mnkhpf;f murpaypy; mtHfs; nrytpLk; xU lhyuhdJ> mjd; %ykhf ,];NuYf;F Xuhapuk; lhyHfis tUkhdkhfg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s toptFf;fpd;wJ. ,j;jifa topKiwfs; %ykhf gzj;ij kl;Lky;y> murpay;thjpahfg; ghpzkpg;gjw;Fz;lhd tha;g;Gf;fisAk; fpilf;fr; nra;fpd;wJ. ,g;nghOJ> cs;@H kw;Wk; Njrpa kl;lj;jpy; mnkhpf;f murpYk; ,Ue;J nfhz;L> kw;Wk; muir ,af;fpf; nfhz;L> mjpfhuj;jpy; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;JtjD}lhf kpfr; rpwpa rpWghd;ikapduhf ,Ue;J nfhz;L> jq;fsJ rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; mjpfkhfNt mtHfs; rYiffis mDgtpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;whHfs;. mnkhpf;f [dj;njhifNahL A+jHfis xg;gpLk; nghOJ> A+jHfs; ntWk; ,uz;L rjtPjj;jpdNuahFk;. murpaypy; mtHfs; fhl;ba mf;fiwapd; fhuzkhf> 1900 y; cyfpy; ntWf;fg;gl;l r%fkhf ,Ue;j mtHfs;> 2000 k; Mz;by; cyfpd; typik kpf;f rf;jpahf khwpapUf;fpd;whHfs; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. cz;ikahf> mtHfsJ jq;fsJ jpl;lj;jpd; Nehf;fj;ij 60 Mz;LfSf;Fs;shfNt mile;J nfhz;lhHfs;. K];ypk;fspd; tsHr;rp tpfpjj;ij vt;thW Fiwg;gJ vd;gjw;Fz;lhd jpl;lj;ij nray;gLj;jpLtjw;fhf mtHfshy; fLikahfg; Nghuhl KbAk; vd;W nrhd;dhy;> K];ypk;fspd; murpay; gpuNtrj;ij vt;thW jLj;J epWj;JtJ vd;w jpl;lj;ijAk; Nghl KbAk;. K];ypk;fs; murpaypy; gpuNtrpg;gJk;> mjpy; mtHfis Cf;Ftpg;gJk; Mgj;jhdJ vd;w tje;jpia mtHfs; Vw;fdNt fpsg;gp tpl;Ls;shHfs;. ,e;jf; FOtpdH jq;fSf;Fr; rhjfkhf kPbah cyfj;ijAk;> nghOJ Nghf;F rhjdq;fisAk; gad;gLj;jp> K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd ntWg;G kdg;ghd;ikia kf;fs; kj;jpapy; cUthf;fp tUfpd;whHfs;. ,d;Dk; K];ypk;fspy; cs;s rpy mikg;Gfs; K];ypk;fs; murpaypy; gpuNtrpg;gjid vjpHg;gjD}lhf> ,tHfs; ,];yhkpa rf;jpfSf;F cjtp tUfpd;whHfs;.

 

fpwp];jt mbg;gilthjpfs; ,];yhj;jpid cyfj;jpd; tYkpf;f Nghl;br; rf;jpahfg; ghHg;gNjhL> kw;w kjq;fis tpl mJ kdpjHfspd; kdq;fisAk; ,jaq;fisAk; nfhs;is nfhz;L nry;yf; $bajhfTk; ,Uf;fpd;wNj vd;W mtHfs; fUJfpd;whHfs;. ,];yhj;jpw;Fs; jq;fis ,izj;Jf; nfhs;gtHfspd; vz;zpf;ifiaf; fz;L mtHfs; kpuz;L Nghfpd;whHfs;. fpwp];jt mbg;gilthjpfshdtHfs; mnkhpf;fhtpy; thof; $ba A+jHfisAk; tpl mjpf ntWg;Gf;fis ckpof; $batHfshf ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;. ,tHfs; ,];yhj;jpw;F vjpuhf mbkl;l NtiyfisAk;> mjd; kPJ ngha;fisAk;> fsq;fj;ijAk; Rkj;Jtjd; %ykhf ,];yhj;jpw;F vjpuhf kf;fisj; jpir jpUg;g Kidg;NghL nray;gLfpd;whHfs;. kf;fspd; kdq;fspy; ,];yhj;jpw;F vjpuhd JNtr tpijfisg; gug;GtjD}lhf> kf;fspd; ntWg;ig tsHj;J me;j ntWg;ig mnkhpf;fhtpy; xU Ngh];dpahitAk;> n[Hkdpapy; elj;jg;gl;l ,dg; gLnfhiyfisg; Nghd;wnjhU ,dg; gLnfhiyia elj;jp tpl Ntz;Lk; vd;Nw mtHfs; jpl;lkpl;L nrayhw;Wfpd;whHfs;. ,e;jj;jpl;lj;jpD}lhf Nkw;fpYk;> INuhg;ghtpYk; ,];yhj;jpid mfw;WtNjhL> K];ypk;fs; ngUk;ghd;ikahf trpf;ff; $ba ehLfs; kPJk; NghHnjhLf;fTk; mtHfs; jpl;lkpLfpd;whHfs;. ,JNt ,];yhj;jpw;F vjpuhf fpspHe;njOe;J epw;ff; $ba xU mbg;gilthjpapd; nray; jpl;lkhFk;. ,tHfs;> mfPjh vd;wiof;ff; $ba ,];yhkpa nfhs;ifapd; kPJk;> mjd; eilKiwfs; kPJk;> tuyhW kw;Wk; fyhr;rhuq;fspd; kPJk; jhf;Fjy; njhLf;fpd;whHfs;. ,tHfs; ,];yhkpa fyhr;rhuq;fis khw;wpaikg;gNjhL> mjw;F NeHKuzhd ghHitiaj;jhd; thrfHfs; kw;Wk; ghHitahsHfSf;F toq;Ffpd;whHfs;. ,jd; %yk; ,];yhj;ij mNfhukhfg; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jfpd;whHfs;. ,jw;fhf ,tHfs; fpwp];jt gpur;rhu mikg;Gfshd njhiyf;fhl;rp> thndhyp Mfpatw;iwg; gad;gLj;JtNjhL> Gj;jfq;fs;> ifNaLfs; kw;Wk; Jz;Lg; gpur;rhuq;fs; thapyhfTk; nghJkf;fsplk; ,];yhj;jpw;F vjpuhhd fUj;Jg; gutiy Vw;gLj;Jfpd;whHfs;. ,d;Dk; mjpfkhf> jq;fis NguwpthsH vd;W mwpKfg;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L Njthyaq;fspy; ciuahw;wf; $batH $l> ,];yhj;jpw;F vjpuhd fl;Lf; fijfisAk;> ngha;fisAk; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; gpur;rhuk; nra;af; $batuhf ,Uf;fpd;whH. ,t;thwhd ,];yhj;jpw;Fk; K];ypk;fSf;Fk; vjpuhd gpur;rhuq;fs; nra;ag;gLk; nghOJ> jd;idr; Rw;wp elg;gJ vd;dntd;Nw mwpahky; J}q;fpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; K];ypk;fs;> jq;fisr; Rw;wpYk; gpz;zg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; rjp tiyfs; fOj;ij newpf;Fk; rkaj;jpy;> tpopj;njOtjdhy; VNjDk; gad; cz;lhfp tpLkh? fhyk; fle;j Qhdj;jhy; Mtnjd;d? mnkhpf;fhtpy; xU Ngh];dpahitAk;> ,e;jpahtpy; xU Ngh];dpahitAk; jhd; ehk; fhz KbAk;. ,d;Dk; ,e;j ,];yhk; my;yhj kf;fisr; nrd;W re;jpj;J> ,];yhj;jpid vLj;Jr; nrhy;tjw;F jil nrhy;Yk; mikg;GfSk; ek;kpilNa cs;sd. ,it> Nkw;fz;l ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfsJ Nehf;fj;jpw;Fj; Jiz NghtJ Nghy cs;sJ. ,d;Dk; K];ypk;fSf;Fs;NsAk; ,];yhj;ijg; gw;wpanjhU mr;rk; epyTfpd;wJ. jhq;fsJ gps;isfs; njhor; nry;y Muk;gpj;J tpl;lhNy mr;rj;jhy; eLq;ff; $ba ngw;NwhHfSk; ek;kpy; ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;.

,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfspd; gpur;rhuj;ij Klkhf;fp> nghJkf;fs; kj;jpapy; ,];yhj;jpw;F vjpuhfj; jpzpf;fg;gl;Ls;s jtwhd fUj;Jf;fis fistjD}lhf ,];yhj;jpw;F vjpuhd rjpfis Kid kOq;fr; nra;a KbAk;. my;yJ ,y;yhkyhf;f KbAk;. ,d;Dk; ,];yhkpa rhHG mq;fj;jpdHfis r%fj;jpy; cUthf;f KbAk;. ,d;Dk; K];ypk;fSf;Fs; ,];yhkpa mbg;gilfs; gw;wpAk;> ,];yhkpa rl;lq;fs; gw;wpAk; vLj;Jiug;gjd; Clhf> mtHfSf;Fs; Vw;gl;bUf;Fk; mr;rj;ijAk; Nghf;fp> cz;ikahd tpRthrpfshf mtHfis cUthf;f KbAk;. ,e;j ,uz;L gzpfisAk; xU Nruf; nfhz;L nry;y Ntz;Lk;. xU gzpia kl;Lk; ifapy; vLj;Jf; nfhz;L> ,d;ndhU gzpia tpl;LtjhdJ> ek;Kila nray; Ntfj;ij Klkhf;Fk;. ,d;Dk; ek;Kila Nehf;fj;ij mile;J nfhs;s mJ ePz;l fhy mtfhrj;ij vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sk;. rpyNtis> ekJ Nehf;fj;ij mile;J nfhs;s ,ayhkNyNa nra;J tpLk;.

vjphpfspd; fdTfs; : ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfs; khw;wj;jpw;Fs;shf;fg;gl;l ,];yhkpaj;ijNa mtHfs; fhz tpiofpd;whHfs;. mitahtd :

  • ,];yhj;jpypUe;J [p`hij ePf;FtJ

  • ,];yhj;jpd; ,d;ndhU mq;fkhd murpaiy mjpypUe;J ePf;FtJ

  • ,];yhkpa nghUshjhu mikg;ig ePf;FtJ

  • K];ypk;fspd; r%f tho;it kWrPuikg;gJ

  • miog;Gg; gzpia khw;Wkjj;jtHfSf;Ff; nfhz;L nry;y tplhky; jLg;gJ

  • jPikfisj; jLg;gij jil nra;tJ

  • FHMd; kw;Wk; Rd;dhtpd; topKiwapd; fPo; tho;tijj; jil nra;tJ

  • fy;tp kw;Wk; njhopy;El;g hPjpahf K];ypk;fis Klkhf;FtJ

  • ,uhZj; njhopy; El;g cjtpfis kWg;gJ

  • G+Nfhskakhf;fy;

 

,];yhj;jpypUe;J [p`hij ePf;FtJ

vjphpfis mjpfk; eLeLq;f itf;ff; $ba gFjp vJntd;why;> xU K];ypkpd; ,wg;gpw;Fg; gpwF '\`Pj; - capHj;jpahfp" vd;w me;j];ij ,iwtdplj;jpy; ngw;Wj; juf; $ba '[p`hj;" vd;w gFjp jhd;. ,];yhj;jpd; mbg;gilf; nfhs;iffspy; vjDld; Ntz;LkhdYk; mJ rkurk; nra;J nfhs;sj; jahuhf ,Uf;fpd;w Ntisapy;> ,e;j [p`hJld; rk;ge;jg;gl;l 'fpjhy;" vd;w gFjpAld; mJ rkurk; nra;J nfhs;sj; jahuhf ,y;iy. ,];yhj;ij epuhfhpf;ff; $ba xUtDf;F mjpf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;jJ vJntd;why;> 'ngz;Zk;> nghUSk;" jhd;. Mdhy;> 'K[h`pj;" vd;wiof;fg;glf; $ba my;yh`;tpd; ghijapy; jd;Dila capiuj; jj;jk; nra;aj; jahuhf ,Ug;gtDf;F ,e;j ,uz;Lk; mw;gq;fshFk;. K];ypk;fNs..! xU egpnkhopapy; 't`;d;" ',e;j cyfj;jpd; kPjhd Mir" gw;wp ,e;j rKjhaj;ij ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; vr;rhpj;jpUf;fpd;whHfs;> ,e;j 't`;d;" vd;w MirAld; ,Ug;gtHfs; jhd; ,iwtid epuhfhpf;ff; $ba kf;fshfthHfs;. NkYk;> ,e;j 't`;d;" vd;w cyf MirAld; xU K];ypk; gtdp tUthd; vd;W nrhd;dhy;> ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpf;F mjid tpl ,];yhj;ij mopg;gjw;Fz;lhd rhjfkhd mk;rk; NtW vJTk; ,Uf;fhJ. '[p`hJ" vd;w nrhy;iyg; gad;gLj;j Kayhj fhjpahzpfs;> jg;yPf; [khmj;jhHfs;> #gpj;Jt thjpfs; kw;Wk; ,tHfisg; Nghd;wtHfis ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfs; tuNtw;fpd;whHfs;. Nkw;fz;l mikg;gpdH xd;W 'fpjhy;" vd;w thHj;ijg; gpuNahfj;ijg; nghWj;jtiu mjid vjpHg;gJ my;yJ mjidg; gw;wpg; Ngrhky; mikjpahf ,Ue;J tpLtJ Mfpa ,uz;L nfhs;iffspd; %yk; vjphpfSila rjpj; jpl;lq;fSf;Fj; Jiz Nghff; $batHfshf ,Uf;fpd;whHfs;. 'fpjhy;" vd;gJ ,];yhj;jpd; xU mk;rk;> Mdhy; mjidg; gad;gLj;Jtjw;nfd;W ,lk;> nghUs;> Vty;> Neuk; Mfpa midj;ijAk; rhp fz;l gpd; jhd; mjid xU K];ypk; gad;gLj;j KbAk; vd;gij ftdj;jpy; nfhs;tJ ey;yJ. vy;yh Neuj;jpYk; my;yJ vy;yh ,lj;jpYk; ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfs; ,Uf;fpd;whHfs; vd;Nwh> epidj;j khj;jpuj;jpnyy;yhk; ,jidg; gad;gLj;jp tpl KbAk; vd;Nwh epidf;ff; $lhJ. ,jidj; jtpHg;gjw;Fz;lhd midj;Jr; rhj;jpaf; $WfSk; milgl;Lg; Nghdjd; gpd;dH> mjhtJ rkhjhdg; Ngr;RthHj;ijfs; gadw;Wg; Nghdjd; gpd;dH> 'fpjhy;" vd;w Kbit Nkw;nfhs;tJ jhd; xU K];ypkpw;F cfe;j nrayhFk;. ,d;Dk; nrhy;yg; Nghdhy;> K];ypk;fSf;F NeUfpd;w midj;Jg; gpur;idfSf;F xUtd; ,e;jf; 'fpjhy;" vd;w gyg;gpuNahfj;ijg; gad;gLj;Jfpd;whd; vd;W nrhd;dhy;> mtDk; vjphpfsJ fdTfis nka;g;gpf;fpd;whd; my;yJ mtHfsJ fdTfs; epiwNtw xj;Jiof;fpd;whd; vd;Nw nghUshFk;. ,jd; %yk; ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfs; ,];yhj;jpw;F vjpuhfg; gpur;rhuk; nra;fpd;w nrhy;yhl;rpahd 'jPtputhjk;" vd;w gjj;jpw;F cjhuzj;ijj; Njbf; nfhLj;jtd; Nghyhthd; vd;gijAk; kdjpw; nfhs;tJ ey;yJ.

,];yhj;jpd; ,d;ndhU mq;fkhd murpaiy mjpypUe;J ePf;FtJ

,e;jj; jiyg;igg; nghWj;jtiu ,jid ,uz;L ghfq;fshfg; gphpf;fyhk;. xd;W ,];yhj;jpypUe;J murpaiyg; gphpg;gJ> ,J jhd; kjr;rhHgw;w murpaypd; mbg;gilj; jpl;lkhFk;. ,uz;lhtJ> K];ypk;fs; murpaypy; gq;nfLj;J tplhky;> mtHfis MHtkpof;fr; nra;jy;. ,jd; %yk; mtHfs; mjpfhuj;ijf; ifg;gw;WtJ my;yJ ngw;W tplhky; nra;J tpLtjD}lhf> A+j kw;Wk; fpwp];jt mbg;gilthjpfspd; fuq;fspy; ,Ue;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; Ml;rp> mjpfhuj;ij ,of;fhjpUg;gJ. Mapuk; Mz;Lfshf fj;Njhypf;f fpwp];jtk; nfhLikahd Ml;rpjid INuhg;ghtpy; elj;jpf; fhl;bajd; tpisthf> fj;Njhypf;f jpUr;rigapypUe;J murpaiyg; gphpj;njLj;jhHfs;. mj;jifa fj;Njhypf;f jpUr;rigiag; Nghyj;jhd;> ,e;j kjr;rhHgw;w mbg;gilthjpfs; ,];yhj;jpidAk; Czf; fz; nfhz;L ghHf;fpd;whHfs;. mtHfsJ ,e;j mwpahikf;F> rpy K];ypk;fSk; xj;Jiof;fpd;whHfs; vd;gJ jhd; Ntjid jUk; nra;jp.

mnkhpf;fhitg; nghWj;jtiu K];ypk;fs; murpay; fsj;jpy; ,wq;Ftij ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfs; tpUk;gtpy;iy> mjhtJ ,J xU nfstug; gpur;idahf mtHfSf;F ,Uf;fpd;w mNjNtisapy;> K];ypk;fs; jq;fsJ mjpfhuj;jpy; gq;F Nghl te;J tpLthHfs; vd;Wk; mtHfs; mr;rk; nfhs;fpd;whHfs;. fhjpahzpfs;> jg;yPf; [khmj;fs;> #gpj;Jt thjpfs;> `p];Gj; j`;hPH> jd;]Pk;-V-,];yhkp ,d;Dk; ,JNghd;w mikg;Gfis ,e;j ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfs; tuNtw;fpd;whHfs;> fhuzk; ,tHfs; ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfsJ nfhs;iff;F ,zq;fpg; NghtJ> K];ypk;fs; murpaypy; gpuNtrpg;gij ,e;jf; FOtpdH vjpHg;gJNk fhuzkhFk;. ,tHfs; ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfsJ fdTfis edTfshf;f xj;Jiof;fpd;whHfs;. ,d;iwa epiyapy; K];ypk;fs; midtUk; xUkpj;j fUj;Jld; ,zq;fpr; nray;gLthHfs; vd;W nrhd;dhy;> rpWfr; rpWf A+j kw;Wk; fpwp];jt mbg;gilthjpfspd; gpbapy; cs;s murpay; Mjpf;fj;ijj; jsHTwr; nra;J> K];ypk;fs; mjpfhukpf;ftHfshf cs;ehl;bYk; ,d;Dk; cyfshtpa hPjpapYk; jpfo KbAk;. ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfs; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhfj; jpfo;tJ vd;gJ FHMd; kw;Wk; ,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfspd; Rd;dhtpd; xU gFjpahfj; jhNd ,Uf;fpd;wJ vd;W nrhy;yhjPHfs;. K];ypk;fs; murpaypy; mq;fk; tfpf;fhky; jtpHe;J nfhs;tJ> vjphpfsJ fsg;gzpfSf;fhd fjTfis mfyj; jpwe;J itj;J> ve;jtpj vjpHg;GfSk; ,y;yhky; jq;fsJ rjpfis epiwNtw;wpf; nfhs;tjw;F tha;g;gspj;jJ Nghyhfp tpLk; vd;gNj cz;ikahFk;.

,];yhkpa nghUshjhu mikg;ig ePf;FtJ

,q;NfAk; ,e;jj; jiyg;ig ,uz;L ghfq;fshfg; gphpf;fyhk;. xd;W ,];yhkpa khHf;fj;ij tpl;Lk; ,];yhkpag; nghUshjhuf; Nfhl;ghl;il ePf;FtJ> ,e;j tifapy; ,];yhkpag; nghUshjhuk; Fwpj;J ,];yhkpa topfhl;Ljy;fisg; Gwf;fzpg;gJ. ,uz;lhtjhf> ,];yhkpa nghUshjhuf; nfhs;ifiag; gpd;gw;wp mikf;fg;gl;Ls;s epWtdq;fisg; Gwf;fzpg;gJ.

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K];ypk;fspd; r%f tho;it kWrPuikg;gJ

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miog;Gg; gzpia khw;Wkjj;jtHfSf;Ff; nfhz;L nry;y tplhky; jLg;gJ

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jPikfisj; jLg;gij jil nra;tJ

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Mdhy; ,];yhk; jil nra;jpUf;fpd;w r%fj; jPikfisg; gw;wp gpur;rhuk; nra;Ak; mikg;Gfs; rpyNt ,d;iwf;F ,];yhkpa r%fj;jpy; cs;sd. mit fLikahd fl;Lg;ghLfSf;Fs; ,aq;f Ntz;ba epHg;ge;j epiyapYk; cs;sd. mNjNtisapy;> ,j;jifa r%fj; jPikfisf; fz;L nfhs;shj K];ypk; mikg;GfSk; ek;kpy; cs;sd. kdpj ,dj;ij mopTf;Fs;shf;Fk; r%fj; jPikfisf; fz;L nfhs;shj mikg;Gfisg; Nghyj; jhd; Vida ,];yhkpa mikg;GfSk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W> Nldpay; igg;]; kw;Wk; ]hk; `z;bq;ld; Nghd;w Nkiyj;Nja mwpQHfs; tpUk;Gfpd;whHfs;.

FHMd; kw;Wk; Rd;dhtpd; topKiwapd; fPo; tho;tijj; jil nra;tJ

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,t;thW ,];yhkpa rKjhaj;ij FUl;L ek;gpf;if nfhz;l rKjhakhf khw;wp itj;jpUg;gJk; $l xU topapy;> ,];yhkpa vjphpfs; ,];yhj;jpw;F vjpuhd rjpfis epiwNtw;Wtjw;Fz;lhd gzpfis ,yFgLj;jp tpLfpd;wJ vdyhk;.

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1970 y; ,];Nuypa muR xU rl;lj;ij epiwNtw;wpaJ mjd; %yk;> K];ypk;fs; mjpfkhf thOk; muG ehl;bid> jdpj;jdpahfNth my;yJ $l;lhfNth mtHfs; ,ize;jhYk;> ,];Nuypd; gyj;ij tplf; Fiwe;j my;yJ gytPdkhd ehlhfNt mtHfis itj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W mtHfs; nfhs;if Kbit vLj;jhHfs;. ,e;jf; fUj;ij mnkhpf;f murpd; [dehaff; fl;rp Vw;Wf; nfhz;lNjhL> ,Nj rl;lj;ij rpy khw;W thHj;ijfspd; %yk; khw;wpaikj;J FbauRf; fl;rpAk; Vw;Wf; nfhz;lJ. ,jd; %yk; mnkhpf;f murpay; ,];yhkpa vjphpfSld; ifNfhHj;Jf; nfhz;L> jq;fsJ fgl ehlfj;ij K];ypk;fs; kPJ jpzpj;J> K];ypk;fis Klkhf;fg;gl;ltHfshfNt itj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w nghJf; nfhs;ifapd;ghy; xUkpj;Jr; nray;glf; $batHfshf mtHfsJ jpl;lq;fs; mike;jpUg;gijf; fhz Kbfpd;wJ.

fy;tp kw;Wk; njhopy;El;g hPjpahf K];ypk;fis Klkhf;FtJ

K];ypk;fs; fy;tp fw;wtHfshf my;yJ njhopy;El;g hPjpapy; tsHr;rpaile;jtHfshf khwp tplf; $lhJ vd;gjpYk;> ,d;Dk; ,g;nghOJ cs;s epiyNa ekf;Fg; NghJkhdJ vd;w kdepiy nfhz;ltHfshfNt mtHfs; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;Nw ,];yhkpa vjphpfs; tpUk;Gfpd;whHfs;. Muha;r;rp kw;Wk; tsHr;rp kw;Wk; rpwg;Gj; jifik Mfpa midj;Jk; ,];yhk; my;yhjhHfsplk; jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W mtHfs; tpUk;Gfpd;whHfs;. Nkw;F my;yJ K];ypk; my;yhjhHfs; cw;gj;jp nra;fpd;w nghUl;fis cgNahfpf;ff; $ba EfHNthHfshfNt K];ypk;fs; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;Nw mtHfs; tpUk;Gfpd;whHfs;. K];ypk;fs; gs;spthry;fspy; mkHe;J nfhz;L jq;fshy; cw;gj;jp nra;j nghUl;fis mDgtpj;Jf; nfhz;L> jq;fsJ nghUl;fisg; gw;wpg; gpur;rhuk; nra;af; $batHfshfTk; ,d;Dk; EfHnghUs; Nkhfj;ij kf;fspilNa gug;gf; $batHfshfTk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;Nw Nkw;F tpUk;Gfpd;wJ. ,j;jifatHfisj; jhd; Nkw;Fk; tpUk;Gfpd;wJ.

,d;Dk; jq;fshy; tpw;gidf;Fj; jahH nra;ag;gl;l nghUl;fis ,wf;fpkjp nra;af; $batHfshfTk;> jq;fs; ehLfspy; fpilf;ff; $ba fr;rhg; nghUl;fis Nkw;Ff;F Vw;Wkjp nra;af; $batHfshfTk; K];ypk; ehLfs; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W mtHfs; tpUk;Gfpd;whHfs;. ,jd; %yk; vg;nghOJNk etPd rhjdq;fSf;fhf jq;fisNa rhHe;jpUf;ff; $batHfshfNt ,Uf;f Ntz;LNk jtpu tsHr;rpaile;j ehLfshf khwp tplf; $lhJ vd;Wk; tpUk;Gfpd;whHfs;. K];ypk;fs; vg;nghOJNk fy;tp mwptpy;> njhopy; Jiwfspy;> tpQ;Qhd tsHr;rpapy; kw;Wk; njhopw; nghUl;fspd; cw;gj;jpapYk; ,d;Dk; ,tw;wpy; fduf rhjdq;fshf ,Ue;jhYk; rhp my;yJ EfHnghUl;fshf ,Ue;jhYk; rhp midj;jpYk; K];ypk;fs; gpd;jq;fp ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;Nw Nkw;F tpUk;Gfpd;wJ. rw;W rpy tUlq;fSf;F Kd;dhs;> mjhtJ 1973 y; nrsjp mNugpahtpd; md;iwa kd;dH ig]y; mtHfs; mnkhpf;fhtpw;F ngl;Nuhiy tpw;f kWj;jij mLj;J> mg;Nghija mnkhpf;f [dhjpgjp n`d;wp fp];]pq;fH $wpa thHj;ijfs; ftdpf;fj;jf;fJ. mtH $wpdhH : ''ePq;fs; vq;fSf;F ngl;Nuhiy tpw;ftpy;iy vd;W nrhd;dhy;> ehq;fs; cq;fSf;F NfhJikia tpw;f khl;Nlhk;> grpnaLj;jhy; ngl;Nuhiyf; Fbj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs; vd;whH"". mnkhpf;f murhdJ K];ypk;fs; ngUk;ghd;ikahf trpf;ff; $ba ehLfis vg;nghOJNk xUtpj mr;rj;jpd; gpbapy; #o ,Uf;FkhNw ghHj;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wJ. mnkhpf;f murpaypy; K];ypk;fs; ftdk; nrYj;jhj tiuf;Fk;> mnkhpf;f murpd; ,j;jifa nray; jpl;lq;fis khw;WtJ vd;gJ ,ayhj fhhpakhFk;. mnkhpf;f murpay; mjpfhuj;jpy; NfhNyhr;Rtjd; %yk; Vw;gLj;Jfpd;w jhf;fq;fs;> khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;jty;yJ. ,jd; gpd; K];ypk;fs; jq;fsJ NjitfSf;fhf gpr;ir vLf;f Ntz;ba mtrpakpy;iy> vg;nghOJ ,];yhj;jpd; vjphpfis mjpfhu Ml;rp gPlj;jpypUe;J mfw;Wfpd;NwhNkh mg;nghOjpypUe;J Nfl;Lg; ngWtJ vd;w epiykhwp> xU cj;jutpd; %yk; mjidg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; epiy cUthFk;. ,j;jifa khw;wj;ij K];ypk;fshy; nfhz;L tu KbAk;> nfhz;L tu Ntz;baJ mtrpaKkhFk;. xd;iw kdjpy; itj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;> mnkhpf;f murpaypy; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;JtJ vd;gJ kyHg; gLf;ifapy; gLj;Jf; nfhz;L elj;Jk; ehlfKky;y> kyHg; gLf;ifapy; nrhFrhfg; gLj;Jf; fplg;gjw;fhf Mw;wf; $ba gzpAky;y.

,uhZtj; njhopy; El;g cjtpfis kWg;gJ

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Vnddpy;> ,];yhkpar; rl;lq;fspd; %yk; kl;LNk ghugl;rkpy;yhj> mlf;FKiw> xLf;FKiw ,y;yhj Rje;jpukhd Ml;rpia toq;f KbAk;. mj;jifa jFjp> ,];yhj;jpw;F kl;LNk chpj;jhdJ. mt;thW topfhl;bAkpUf;fpd;wJ. tuyhW mjidj; jd;dpy; gjpT nra;Jk; itj;jpUf;fpd;wJ.

(Fwpg;G : cyfkakhf;fs; gw;wp tphpthf mwpe;J nfhs;s Dr. S.M. Kureshi mtHfs; vOjpa "WESTERN FUNDAMENTALISM IN ACTION" vd;w Gj;jfj;ijg; ghHitaplTk;).

,e;jf; fl;Liu vk;. mkPH myp mtHfs; vOjpa Dream of Anti-Islam Forces vd;w fl;Liuiaj; jOtp vOjg;gl;ljhFk;.

ï H 4 ð ñ
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