,khk; m`;kj; ,g;D `k;gy; (u`;)

,khk; mG+mg;Jy;yh`; m`;kj; ,g;d `k;gy; `p[;hp 164 y; gf;jhjpy; gpwe;jhH. mtuJ ghl;ldhH `k;gy; gpd; `py;yh]; cikahf; fhyg; gphptpy; Fuh]hdpd; ftHduhfg; gzpGhpe;jJld;> mtuJ je;ij mg;gh]pa ,uhZtj;jpd; jsgjpahfTk; tpsq;fpdhH. ,khk; `k;gy; jkJ rpWgpuhak; Kjy; ,aw;ifapyNyNa mwpthw;wy; kpf;ftuhfTk;> Rje;jpu kdg;ghd;ikAilatuhfTk; tpsq;fpdhH. mf;fhiy mwptpdJk;> ehfhPfj;jpdJk; kj;jpa jykhf tpsq;fpa gf;jhjpy; mtuJ ,sikf; fhyk; fope;jJ. kpfr; rpW tajpNyNa FHMid kddk; nra;j mtHfs; gjpdhyhtJ tajpy; nkhopapaypy; Gyik ngw;W tpsq;fpaJ kl;Lkd;wp> fzpjk;> jj;Jtk;> j]t;Tg; Mfpa JiwfspYk; rpwg;ghfj; NjHr;rp ngw;whHfs;. ,khk; mG+A+]{gpd; fPo; `jP]; fiyiaf; fw;f Muk;gpj;j mtHfs;> Vida gy `jP]; fiy mwpQHfNshL njhlHG nfhz;L mjid Mokhff; fw;whHfs;. <uhf;fpd; rl;lj;Jiw mwpQHfsplk; gpf;`; fiyiaf; fw;w mtHfs; ,khk; \h/gp< d; khztuhfTk; rpy fhyk; tpsq;fpdhHfs;. `jP]; fiyiaf; fw;gjpy; mtH fhl;ba jPtpu MHtkhdJ> ]phpah> `p[h];> vkd;> $gh> g]uh Mfpa gy efuq;fSf;F mtiu ePz;l gazq;fis Nkw;nfhs;sr; nra;jJ. ghurPf nkhopapYk; ghpr;raKilatuhf mtHfs; tpsq;fpdhHfs;. Fwpg;ghf> u]_y; (]y;) mtHfspd; `jP]; - Rd;dhtpy; kpf mf;fiw nfhz;bUe;j mtHfs; `jP];fisj; jpul;Ltjpy; kpfj; jPtpukhf <Lgl;lhHfs;. ,khk; \h/gp< dJk; khztuhf tpsq;fpaJld;> ,khk; khypf;fpd; rl;l tpsf;fq;fis Mjhpf;ff; $batuhfTk; tpsq;fpdhHfs;. FHMd;> `jP]; d; %y thHj;ijfSf;Nf (e];) Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspj;j m`;kj; ,g;D `k;gy;> Ra mgpg;uhaj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; ('u/a;' iag; gad;gLj;jp) rll tpsf;fk; mspg;gijf; fLikahf tpkHrpj;jhHfs;.

,khk; \h/gp<> jhT+j; oh`php MfpNahhpd; khztuhf tpsq;fp> ,khk; khypf;fpd; rl;l tpsf;fq;fspy; <LghL nfhz;L> fhyg; Nghf;fpy; rpwe;j rl;lf; fiy Nkijahf khwpa m`;kj; ,g;D `k;gy; jkJ ehw;gjhtJ tajpy; jkf;nfd xU jdpr; rl;l kuigj; Njhw;Wtpj;J> mj;Jiwapy; tphpTiufs; epfo;j;Jk; gzpia Muk;gpj;jhHfs;. xU rll mwpQH vd;w tifapy; mtHfsJ gzp ,f;fhyg; gphptpNyNa Muk;gkhapw;W.

,khk; m`;kj; ,g;D `k;gy; gf;jpG+Htkhd vspa> J}a;ikahd tho;f;ifia elj;jpdhHfs;. kw;wtHfspd; cjtpia ehlhJ> fLikahd cioj;J nghWikNahL tho;e;jhHfs;. Ml;rpahsHfsplkpUe;Njh> mjpfhhpfsplkpUe;Njh vj;jifa md;gspg;igAk; ngw kWj;j mtHfs; ehshe;j NjitfSf;Ff; fLikahd cly; ciog;igf; $l Nkw; nfhs;sj; jaq;ftpy;iy.

,khk; j`gP jkJ tuyhw;W E}ypy; gpd;tUk; rk;gtj;ijf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whH :

,khktHfs; xU jlit kf;fhtpy; ]{g;ahd; gpd; ciadh tpd; tPl;by; jq;fpdhHfs;. xUehs; jpBnud mtiuf; fhztpy;iy. gy ehl;fs; NjLjy; elj;jpAk; mtiug; gw;wp vJTk; mwpa Kbatpy;iy. ,Wjpapy; mtH XH miwapy; milgl;bUf;ff; fhzg;gl;lhHfs;. mjw;fhd fhuzj;ij mtuJ NjhoHfspy; xUtH tpdtpa NghJ> mtuJ Milfs; jpUlg;gl;L tpl;ljhfTk;> mjdhy; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; Milapd;wp tu KbahkypUg;gjhfTk; $wpdhH. me;jj; NjhoH xU njhifg; gzj;ijf; nfhLj;J mjid md;gspg;ghf my;yJ fldhfg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk;gb Nfl;l mjw;F kWj;J tpl;lhH. ,Wjpapy; jdf;F vjidahtJ vOjpj; je;J tpl;L> mjw;Ff; $ypahfg; gzj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk;gb Nfl;fNt> ,khk; me;j miwapNyNa milgl;l epiyapy; mjid vOjpf; nfhLj;J> mjw;fhd $ypiag; ngw;W> mjidf; nfhz;L jkJ cilfis thq;fpf; nfhz;lhH.

,khk; [t;]p mtHfs;> ,khk; m`;kj; ,g;D `k;gy; Vwf;Fiwa E}W mwpQHfsplk; mwpitg; ngw;whH vdf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whH. Mdhy; mtuJ rpe;jidg; Nghf;fpy; kpfr; nry;thf;if Vw;gLj;jpatHfs; ,UtuhthH. mtHfs; jkJ gjpdhwhtJ tajpy; `hgp]; `h\pk; gpd; g\PH vd;gthpd; khztuhf mkHe;J> mthpd; fPo; Ie;J tUl fhyk; `jP]; fiyiaf; fw;whHfs;. gpw;fhyj;jpy; ,khk; \h/gp< d; khztuhfTk; gy tUl fhyk; gapd;whHfs;. ,t;tpUtUNk mtuJ MrphpaHfspy;> mtuJ rpe;jidg; Nghf;fpy; jptpu nry;thf;Fr; nrYj;jpAs;Nshuhf tpsq;Ffpd;whHfs;. Mdhy; ,tHfs; jtpu ]{g;ahd; gpd; ciadh> tfP gpd; [Huh`;> v`;ah gpd; ]<j; Nghd;wtHfsplKk; ,khk; mtHfs; jkJ mwpitg; ngw;whHfs;.

mtHfs; tho;e;j fhyk; murpay; gpur;rpidfs; epiwe;j fhykhf mike;jJ. mg;gh]paf; fyPgh mkPDf;Fk; k/%Df;Fkpilapy; epfo;e;j cs;ehl;L Aj;jq;fs;> muhgpaUf;F vjpuhd ghurPfHfs; vOr;rp vd;gd murpay; r%f tho;tpy; gy rpf;fy;fisj; Njhw;Wtpj;jpUe;jd. ,khk; `k;gy;> ,e;j murpay; G+ry;fspypUe;J xJq;fp> mikjpahf ,];yhkpa mwpTg;gzpapy; <Lgl;lhHfs;.

,khk; `k;gy; mtHfs; jkJ rl;l tpsf;fq;fspy; FHMNdhL> Rd;dhTf;Fk; egpj;NjhoHfspd; eilKiwfSf;Fk; rpwg;gplkspj;jhHfs;. mtHfsJ rl;l mbg;gil Rd;dh> ]`hghf;fspd; eilKiw Mfpatw;wpd; epoypy; rl;l tpsf;fkspg;gjhf mike;jJ. mtuJ rl;l kugpy; ,t;tpuz;Lk; Kf;fpa ,lj;ijg; ngw;wd. ]`hghf;fs;> jhgp<d;fs; rl;l tpsf;fq;fs; midj;ijAk; jkJ mghu Qhgf rf;jpapd; fhuzkhf epidtpy; itj;jpUe;jhHfs;.

,khk; m`;kj; ,g;D `k;giy xU rl;l mwpQuhftd;wp `jP]; fiy mwpQuhf Nehf;FNthUk; csH. 'gp`;hp];j;' vd;Dk; E}ypd; MrphpaH ,g;D ejPk;> ,khk; `k;giy ,khk; GfhhP> ,khk; K];ypk; Nghd;w `jP]; fiy Nkijfspd; thpirapy; cs;slf;fpAs;shH. Mdhy; ,khk; m`;kj; ,g;D `k;gy; `jP]; fiy mwpQH kl;Lkd;wp> jdf;nfd chpa jdpg;gl;l ,ay;Gfisf; nfhz;l xU rl;l kuigj; Njhw;Wtpj;j rl;l mwpQUkhthH. ,khk; \hgp< d; khztuhf mtH mike;jjhy;> \hPM rl;lq;fis Mf;Ftjpy; jdf;nfd rpy tpjpKiwfis tFj;J> mtw;wpdbg;gilapy; nrayhw;wpdhHfs;. mtuJ rl;l tpsf;fq;fSf;F %yhjhukhff; FHMd;> Rd;dh> ]`hghf;fspd; rl;lj; jPHg;Gf;fs; (/gjhth) Mfpatw;iwg; gad;gLj;jpdhHfs;. vdNt> ,khk; m`;kj; ,g;D `k;gypd; rl;l kuG `jP]pdJk; ]`hghf;fspdJ tpsf;fq;fspdJk; mbg;gilapy; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l rl;l kughFk; vd; ehk; $WtJ nghUj;jkhFk;.

,khk; `k;gy; jkJ rl;l tpsf;fq;fs; vOj;JUtpy; njhFg;gij Muk;g fhyj;jpy; tpUk;gtpy;iy. Mdhy; fhyg;Nghf;fpy; mtHfsJ khztHfSk; VidNahUk; jq;fsJ rl;lj; jPHg;Gf;fisj; njhFg;gijg; gpw;fhyj;jpy; Mjhpj;jhHfs;. cjhuzkhf> ,];`hf; gpd; kd;]_H vd;ghH ,khk; mtHfspd; rl;l tpsf;fq;fisj; njhFj;jpUg;gijf; fz;L mjidg; ghuhl;bdhHfs;. Mdhy;> ,khk; mtHfs; jhkhfNt ve;j xU rl;l E}iyAk; njhFf;ftpy;iy vd;gJ ,q;F Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. mtHfsJ E}yhd> 'K];dj;' `jP];fspd; njhFg;ghFk;. mtuJ rl;l tpsf;fq;fisg; nghjpe;Js;s E}y;fs; midj;Jk; mtuJ rl;l kughd `k;gyp kj;`igg; gpd;gw;wpa rl;l mwpQHfshy; njhFf;fg;gl;litahFk;.

,khk; m`;kj; ,g;D `k;gy; rl;l tpsf;fq;fspy; Ie;J %yhjhuq;fisf; ifahz;ljhf ,g;Dy; ifapk; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whH. KjyhtJ> FHMd; `jP]pd; %ythHj;ijfis cs;slf;fpa 'e];' vd;gjw;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLj;jhHfs;. ,uz;lhtJ> ]`hghf;fspd; rl;l tpsf;fq;fSf;F ,lkspj;jhHfs;. Mdhy; ntspg;gilahf FHMdpdNjh> `jP]pdNjh rl;l tpsf;fq;fSf;F Kuzhf mike;jhy;> FHMDf;Fk; `jP]{f;Fk; Kf;fpaj;Jtkspj;jhHfs;. cjhuhzkhf> KMtpah> KMj; gpd; [gy; MfpNahH xU K];ypky;yhjtH kuzpf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy; mtuhy; tpl;Lr; nry;yg;gLk; nrhj;ij K];ypk;fSf;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk; vd;w fUj;ij nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. Mdhy; ,khk; m`;kj; ,g;D `k;gy;> `jP]; ,jw;F Kuzhf miktjhy; ,f;fUj;ij epuhfhpj;jdH. (,/yhKy; Ktf;fp<d; 1>22).

,khk; `k;gy; gytPdkhf `jP];fisAk; - `jP]; KH]y; cl;gl> rpy NghJ Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhH. 'e];' ,y; vj;jifa njspthd tpsf;fKk; ,y;yhj re;jHg;gj;jpy; fpahi]f; ifahz;lhH. kpf mtrpakhd re;jHg;gq;fspNyNa fpah]; gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.

,khk; m`;kj; ,g;D `k;gy; Mo;e;j ,iwgf;jpAk;> rj;jpaj;ij Nerpf;Fk; caH gz;Gk;> nfhs;ifapy; cWjpAk; kpf;ftuhfTk; tpsq;fpdhHfs;. FHMd; gilf;fg;gl;lJ vd;w nfhs;ifia vjpHj;J epd;W mg;gzpapy; gaq;fukhd Nrhjidfs; vjpH Nehf;fpdhHfs;.

,khk; m`;kj; ,g;D `k;gpypd; rl;l kugpd; tsHr;rpf;Fk; gutYf;Fk; mtuJ khztHfs; mUk;gzp Ghpe;jdH. mtuJ Gjy;tHfshd ]hyp`; (kuzk; `p[;hp 266)> mg;Jy;yh`; (kuzk; `p[;hp 296) Mfpa ,UtUk; ,j;Jiwapy; rpwg;gplk; ngWfpd;wdH.

mg;Jy;yh`; ,khk; `k;gypd; 'K];dij'g; gjpg;gpj;jtuhthH. ,k; kj;`igg; gpd;gw;wpa mg;Jy; khypf; nakhdP (274)> ,];khaPy; fpHkhdP (280)> ,g;D Fjhkh (620)> ,g;D ijkpa;ah (621-728)> ,g;Dy; ifa;apk; [t;]p (751) MfpNahH ,k; kj;`gpd; tsHr;rpf;Fk; gutYf;Fk; fhuzkhf mike;jhHfs;.