K`k;kJ(]y;) mth;fs; Gj;jkj Ntjq;fspy; Kd;dwptpg;Gfs;

Gj;jh;fs;

Gj;jh; kdpjNu

Gj;jh; nfhilfs; mspf;fg;gl;lth;

kPl;rpj; jpl;lk;

Gj;jhpd; Fz eyd;fis Gj;j Ntjq;fs; tiuaWj;Js;sd. mitfspy; rpytw;iw ehk; fhz;Nghk;. 

xU kdpjNu Gj;juhf ,Uf;f KbAk;[171] xU nja;tk; Gj;juhf ,Uf;f KbahJ.¹⁸²

K`k;kJ(]y;) mth;fs; kdpjuhf ,Ue;jjhy; mth; ikj;Nuah vd;w thjj;ij Gj;jh;fs; fzf;fpnyLj;Jf; nfhs;s KbAk;. Gj;j Ntjq;fs; ,iwj;J}jh;fis kdpjh;fs; vd;W mwptpg;gJ Nghd;W jpUf;Fh;MDk; my;yh`;tpd; J}jh;fs; midtUk; (rhe;jpAk; rkhjhdKk; mth;fs; Nky; cz;lhfl;Lk;) kdpjh;fNs vd;W $Wfpd;wJ. 

(egpNa) ,d;Dk; ckf;F Kd;dh; t`P NghLj;J ehk; mth;fsplk; mDg;gp itj;j J}jh;fs; vy;NyhUk; MltNu jtpu Ntwy;yh;; MfNt (mth;fis Nehf;fp) \ePq;fs; (,jid) mwpe;J nfhs;shkypUe;jhy; (Ke;jpa) Ntj Qhdk; ngw;Nwhhplk; Nfl;lwpe;J nfhs;Sq;fs;|(vd;W $WtPuhf). jpUf;Fh;Md; 16:43

K`k;kJ (]y;) mth;fs; kdpjh;jhd; vd;W jpUf;Fh;Md; ntF njspthf mwptpf;fpd;wJ.

ehd; cq;fisg; Nghd;w kdpjd;jhd;. jpUf;Fh;Md; 18:110

-            ,d;Dk; epr;rakhf mth;fsplj;jpy; mth;fspypUe;Nj (,iw) J}jh; te;jhh;. jpUf;Fh;Md; 16:113

-            mth;fs; kj;jpapypUe;Nj mth;fspd; rKjhaj;ijr; Nrh;e;j xU J}jiu vOk;gg;gz;zp ,iwtd; K/kpd;fSf;F mUs; nra;J tpl;lhd;.

-            cq;fspypUe;Nj xU J}jh; cq;fsplk; te;jpUf;fpd;whh;.

-            vdpDk;> mth;fspypUe;Nj mth;fSf;F mr;r%l;b vr;rhpf;if nra;Ak; xUth; te;jijg;gw;wp mth;fs; Mr;rhpag;gLfpd;wdh;; MfNt> fhgph;fs; $Wfpwhh;fs;; \,J Xh; Mr;rhpakhd tpraNkahFk;. jpUf;Fh;Md; 50:3

-            (egpNa) ePh; nrhy;tPuhf! \epr;rakhf ehd; cq;fisg; Nghd;w xU kdpjNd. jpUf;Fh;Md; 18:110

-            \vd; ,iwtd; kpfj; J}a;ikahdtd;. ehd; (,iwtDila) J}jdhfpa xU kdpjNd jtpu NtnwJTkhf ,Uf;fpd;Nwdh?\ jpUf;Fh;Md; 17:93

rq;fuhr;rhhpahh; kdpjd; %ykhf gpwthjjhy; mtiu rpy ,e;Jf;fs; kdpjuhf fUjtpy;iy-

-            \kzpkQ;rhpapd; Mrphpah; vOJtjhtJ ...xU Kiw xU ,sk; tpjit jd; taijnahj;j ngz;fSld; rptd; NfhtpYf;Fr; nrd;whs;. mg;nghOJ mth;fs; Foe;ij tuk; Ntz;bg; gpuhh;j;jid Ghpe;jdh;. mtSk; mt;thNw gpuhh;j;jid Ghpe;jhs;. ,iwtd; mtspd; gpuhh;j;jidia Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhh;.  mjd; tpisthfNt mts; rq;fuhr;rhhpahiu ngw;nwLj;jhs; ...|[172]

-            \mth;fSila rpjk;guf; flTSf;F kidtp ePz;l fhykhf Nrtfk; nra;jhs;. mtspd; gf;jpapd; gydhf mtis ,iwtd; ufrpakhd mw;Gjkhd Kiwapy; fUj;jhpf;fr; nra;jhh;. ...|[173]

,NaRTk; je;ijapd;wp  gpwe;jjdhy; mtiuAk; ngUk;ghyhd fpwp];jth;fs; kdpjuhf fUJtjpy;iy

,NaR fpwp];JtpDila n[eej;jpd; tpgukhtJ:- mtUila jhahfpa khpahs; NahNrg;Gf;F epakpf;fg;gl;bUf;ifapy; mth;fs; $b tUKd;Nd> mts; ghpRj;j MtpapdhNy fh;g;gtjpahdhs; vd;W fhzg;gl;lJ. mts; GU~dhfpa NahNrg;G ePjpkhdhapUe;J mtis mtkhdg;gLj;j kdjpy;yhky; ,ufrpakha; mtisj; js;sp tpl NahridahapUe;jhd;. mtd; ,g;gbr; rpe;jpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;ifapy;> fh;j;jUila J}jd; nrhg;gdj;jpy; mtDf;Ff; fhzg;gl;L;  jhtPjpd; Fkhudhfpa NahNrg;Ng> cd; kidtpahfpa khpahisr; Nrh;j;Jf; nfhs;s Ia;ag;glhNj.  mtsplj;jpy; cw;gj;jpahapUf;fpwJ ghpRj;j Mtpapdhy; cz;lhdJ. kj;NjA 1:18-20

`pe;Jf;fspy; xU gphptpdh; rq;fuhr;rhhpahiu flTshf;fp tpl;ldh;;-

\...mtiug; gpd;gw;Wgth;fs; ,NaR fpwp];Jitg; gpd;gw;Wgth;fisg; Nghy> mtiu nja;tkhf;Ftjw;fhf mth; je;ijapd;wp mw;Gjkhd Kiwapy; gpwe;jhh; vd;w fijia fz;L gpbj;jdh;\[174]

ngUk;ghyhd fpwp];jth;fs; ,NaRtpw;F nja;tj; jd;ikia fw;gpf;fpd;wdh;. ,e;j vz;zk; Ntjj;jpd; mJ Nghd;w rpy thpfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ.

mtd; ,Njh xU fd;dpif fh;g;gtjpahfp xU Fkhuidg; ngWths;; mtUf;F ,k;khDNty; vd;W  NghpLthh;fs; vd;W nrhd;dhd;.  ,k;khDNty; vd;gjw;F Njtd; ek;NkhbUf;fpwhh; vd;W mh;j;jkhk;.  kj;NjA 1:18-20

MjpapNy thh;j;ij ,Ue;jJ> me;j thh;j;ij Njtdplj;jpypUe;jJ> me;j thh;j;ij NjtdhapUe;jJ. Nahthd; 1:1

,e;j trdj;jhy; kpfg; ngUk; fpwp];jt mwpQh;fs; ,NaR \epiyahd Njtd;|vd Ghpe;J nfhs;fpd;wdh;.

\ehDk; gpjhTk; xd;whapUf;fpNwhk;. Nahthd; 10:30

mjw;F ,NaR  gpypg;GNt> ,t;tsTfhyk; ehd; cq;fSlNd $l ,Ue;Jk; eP vd;id mwpatpy;iyah? vd;idf; fz;ltd; gpjhitf; fz;lhd;; mg;gbapUf;f gpjhit vq;fSf;ff; fhz;gpAk; vd;W eP vg;gbr; nrhy;Yfpwha;? Nahthd; 14:9

,NaR mthpd; rPlh;fshy; flTshf Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl;lhh; vd rpy fpwp];jt mwpQh;fs; $Wfpd;wdh;.

Njhkh mtUf;Fg; gpujpAj;jukhf  vd; Mz;ltNu vd; NjtNd vd;whd;. Nahthd; 20:28

,NaR nja;tnkd;W chpik nfhz;lhbajhf ,NaRtpd; fhyj;jpa rpy A+jh;fs; fUjpdh;.

mth; Xa;T ehs; fl;lisia kPwpdJky;yhky;> Njtidj; jk;Kila nrhe;jg; gpjh vd;WQ;nrhy;ypj; jk;ikj; NjtDf;Fr; rkkhf;fpdgbapdhNy Nahthd;  5:18.

A+jh;fs; mtUf;Fg; gpujpAj;jukhf:- ew;fphpiaapdpkpj;jk; ehq;fs; cd; Nky; fy;nywpfpwjpy;iy  eP kD~dhapUf;f> cd;id Njtd; vd;W nrhy;yp ,t;tpjkhf NjtJ}~zQ;nrhy;Yfpwgbapdhy; cd;Nky; fy;nywpfpNwhk; vd;whh;fs;. Nah 10:33

,NaR jdf;F nja;tPfj; jd;ikia chpik nfhz;lhbajhy; A+j mwpQh;fs; mtiu \kuzj;jpw;NfJthfpa Fw;wk; nra;jtuhf[175]mwptpj;jdh;. ,NaRtpd; nja;tj;jd;ik fpwp];Jt kjj;jpd; %iyf;fy;yhFk;\[176] vd <O vOJfpwhh;.  \Kw;fhyq;fspy; rpyh; fpwp];Jtpd; kdpjj;Jtj;ij re;Njfpj;jdh; my;yJ kWj;jdh;|¹⁸⁷

MfNt Gj;;jh;fspd; fz;Nzhl;lg;gb ,NaRNth my;yJ rq;fuhr;rhhpahNuh Gj;j ikj;Nuahthf ,Uf;f KbahJ.  Vnddpy; mth;fs; kdpjh;fsy;y. nja;tq;fshth;. mNj Neuj;jpy;> K`k;kJ(]y;) mth;fs;jhd; Gj;jh ikj;Nuah vd;gij Gj;jh;fs; rpe;jpj;Jg; ghh;f;f KbAk;. Vnddpy; mth; kdpjuhfj;jhd; ,Ue;jhh;.

Gj;jh;fs; Mz;ikAs;sth;fs;

kdpjh;fspy; Mz;(ikAs;sth;)fs; khj;jpuNk Gj;jh;fshf KbAk;.[177] xU ngz;Nzh my;yJ Mz;ik ePf;fk; nra;jtNuh my;yJ ,U ghYkw;wtNuh my;yJ ,uz;L ghYk; Nrug; ngw;wtNuh Gj;jhthf ,Uf;f KbahJ.¹⁸⁸

Gj;jj;Jtj;jpw;F eph;zapf;fg;gl;lth;fs; xU NghJk; ngz;fshfNth my;yJ ,U ghYk; Nrug; ngw;wth;fshfNth ,Ug;gjpy;iy NkYk; Mz;ik ePf;fk; nra;jth;fshf xU NghJk; mth;fs; ,Uf;fkhl;lhh;fs;.[178]

Gj;j kj Ntjq;fisg; Nghd;Nw jpUf;Fh;MDk; ,iwtdpd; J}jh;fs; midtUk; (mth;fs; midthpd; Nky; ,iwtdpd; rhe;jpAk; rkhjhdKk; cz;lhfl;Lk;) Mz;(ikAs;sth;)fNs vd;W mwptpf;fpd;wJ;-

Mz;fisNaad;wp NtnwtiuAk; ehk; (,iwj;J}jh;fshf) mDg;gpaNjapy;iy. jpUf;Fh;Md; 16;43. 

Mz;fs;|vd;gJ hp[hy; vd;w thh;j;ijapd; nkhop ngah;g;ghFk;.[179] mjd; mh;j;jk; Mz;ikAs;sth;fs; vd;gjhFk;.

,NaRTk; rq;fuhr;rhpahUk; Mz;ik ePf;fk; nra;jth;fsy;y. Mdhy; mth;fs; Mz;(ikj; jd;ik cilath;)fsh vd;gJ epr;raky;y. mth;fs; Mz;(ikj; jd;ik cilath;)fs; vd;gjw;fhd kWf;f Kbahj rhd;Wfis ,t;tpUth;fspd; tho;f;if jutpy;iy.

rq;fuhr;rhhpahhpd; tho;f;ifapy; ele;j xU rk;gtk; ftdj;jpw;FhpaJ. ghujp vd;w ngz; mtUldhd xU thf;F thjj;jpy; fhkf; fiyawpT gw;wpa Nfs;tpia mthplk; Nfl;L mtiu Njhw;fbf;f Kay;fpwhs;. mth; mtSf;F gjpyspf;f Kbatpy;iy; MdhYk; xU khjk; fopj;J gjpyspg;gjhf thf;fspf;fpwhh;. mth; jd;Dila Mj;khit xU ,we;j murdpd; clypw;Fs; Gfr; nra;J murdpd; kidtpfs; midtiuAk; mDgtpj;J fhk mwptpaiy eilKiw G+h;tkhf fw;fpwhh;. ,e;j ,dpik jJk;Gk; mtiu Kfj;Jjp nra;Ak; ngz;fspd; kj;jpapy; mth; jd;Dila thf;FWjpiaNa kwe;J tpl;lhh;[180]

,e;j rk;gtk; cz;iknadpy;> rq;fuhr;rhpahh; Mz;ikaw;wth; vd;gijNa ,J fhl;Lfpd;wJ. Vnddpy; jd;Dila clk;gpd; %yk; fhk fiyawpit fw;Wf;nfhs;s ,ayhjtuhfNt ,Ue;jjpdhy; mth; mijf; fw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;fhf kw;nwhU clypw;F jd; Mj;khit khw;w Ntz;bajpUe;jJ. ,e;j rk;gtk; rhpahdNjh my;yJ jtwhdNjh mth; Mz;ik rf;jpiaAilatuhf ,Ue;jhh; vd;gjw;F mth; tho;f;ifapy; ve;j tpj jplkhd gjpYk; ,y;iy vd;gJ khj;jpuk; cz;ik.

\`Pg;Uf;fs; gjpdhd;F tajpNyNa jpUkzk; nra;gth;fshapUe;jdh;[181] mt;thwpUf;ifapy; Vd; ,NaR 33 taJ tiu gpuk;kr;rhhpahfNt ,Ue;jhh; vd;gJ tpNehjkhfj; Njhd;Wfpd;wJ. XU Ntis guNyhf ,uh[;aj;jpd; epkpj;jk; mth; Mz;ik ,oe;jtuhfp tpl;bUf;fyhk;. mth; jd;Dila Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;l rPlh;fSf;F jd;Dila Kd;khjphpia gpd;gw;Wk;gb Nghjpj;jhh;;-

jhapd; tapw;wpypUe;J mz;zfh;fshf(-Mz;ikaw;wth;fshf) gpwe;jth;fSKz;L kD~h;fshy; mz;zfh;fshf;fg;gl;lth;fSKz;L guNyhf uh[;aj;jpd; epkpj;jk; jq;fis mz;zfh;fshf;fpf; nfhz;lth;fSKz;L ,ij Vw;Wf; nfhs;s ty;ytd; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sf; fltd; vd;whh;. kj;NjA 19:12

jq;fspd; jiythpd; Kd;khjphpiaqk; mwpTiuiaAk; vz;zpYk; vOj;jpYk; gpd;gw;Wk; tpjkhf Vuhskhd jPtPu fpwp];Jth;fs; guNyhf uh[;aj;jpd; epkpj;jk; jq;fspd; Mz;ikia ePf;fpf; nfhz;Ls;sdh;. mth;fspd; me;j eltbf;if jiythpd; mwpTiuapd;gb rhpnad;W nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wJ;-

cd; if cdf;F ,lwy; cz;lhf;fpdhy; mij jwpj;Jg; NghL ... cd; fhy; cdf;F ,lwy; cz;lhf;fpdhy; mijj; jwpj;Jg; NghL ... cd; fz; cdf;F ,lwy; cz;lhf;fpdhy; mijg; gpLq;fpg; NghL. eP ,uz;L fz;Zilatdha; euf mf;fpdpapNy js;sg;gLtijg; ghh;f;fpYk; xw;iwf; fz;zdha; NjtDila uh[;aj;jpy; gpuNtrpg;gJ cdf;F eykhapUf;Fk;. mq;Nf mth;fs; GO rhthkYk; mf;fpdp mtpahkYkpUf;Fk;. khh;f; 9:43-48.

Mdhy; ,itfSf;F khwhf K`k;kJ (]y;) mth;fs; Mz;ikAilath;fshf ,Ue;jhh;fs;.  fpwp];jt rigfspd; gpur;rhuj;jpw;F ed;wpfs; gy. mtUf;F gykidtpfs; ,Ue;jdh; vd;gij cyfk; ed;fwpAk;.  mtUf;F ngz; kf;fSk; Mz; kf;fSk; ,Ue;jdh;. mthpd; re;jjp jw;fhyk; tiu ,Ue;J tUfpd;wJ. Nkw;fz;l fz;Nzhl;lj;jpd; gpufhuk; K`k;kJ (]y;) mth;fs; Gj;jh ikj;Nuah vd;gij Gj;jh;fs; rpe;jpj;J Nehf;fyhk;. ,NaR> rq;fuhr;rhhpah MfpNahh;jhd; ikj;Nuah vd;gJ gw;wp mth;fs; Mz;ik ePf;fk; nra;J nfhz;lth;fsy;y khwhf Mz;ikAilath;fs; vd;gJ njspthFk; tiu Gj;jh;fs; re;Njfj;jpNyNa ,Ug;gh;.

Gj;jh; nfhilfs; mspf;fg;gl;lth;

Ig;ngUk; nfhilfs;

1 – nry;tf; nfhil

2 – kf;fl; nry;tk;

3 – Jiztpah; vDk; nfhil

4 – Ml;rp mjpfhuk;

5 – ePz;l MAs;[182]

,e;jf; nfhilfis xd;wd; gpd;whf ehk; Muha;Nthk;

Kjy; (nry;tf;) nfhil

ry;tf; nfhil:- rq;fuhr;rhhpahh; xU Vio tpjitapd; kfdhfapUe;jhh;. mth; Vo;ikapNyNa gpwe;jhh; ve;jnthU njhopy; nra;Jk; mth; jd; tho;ehspy; nry;tq;fis Nl;baNjapy;iy.

,NaR Vio jr;rhpd; kfdhthh;.[183] gpwe;jTld; khl;Lf; njhOtj;jpy; fplj;jg;gl;lhh; Vnddpy; rj;jpuj;jpy; mth;fSf;F ,lkpy;yhjpUe;jgbapdhy;|[184] W.W. How.D.D.vOJtjhtJ: \mth;fs; nry;te;jh;fshfTk; cah;e;jth;fshfTk; ,Ue;jpUe;jhy; re;Njfj;jplkpd;wp rj;jpuj;jpd; cs;NsNa tuNtw;fg;gl;bUg;ghh;fs;.  mth;fSf;F miw xJf;fg;gl;bUe;jpUf;Fk;.|,NaR mtNu jr;ruhf[185] ,Ue;jhh;. jd; tho; ehspy; xU NghJk; mth; nry;tj;ij ngw;wpUf;ftpy;iy.

MfNt Gj;jh;fspd; fz;Nzhl;lg;gb> ,NaR kw;Wk; rq;fuhr;rhhpahh; MfpNahh;fs; Gj;jh ikj;Nuah vd;w thjk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl KbahJ.

K`k;kJ(]y;) mth;fs; nry;t tskpf;f FLk;gj;ij Nrh;e;jth;fshth;. mth; jd; tho; ehspNyNa Vuhskhd nry;tj;ij <l;bapUe;;jhh;. mth; jd; miog;Gg; gzpia njhlq;Fk; Kd;Ng \nry;tk; kpFe;j tpahghhpahf ,Ue;jhh;.¹⁹⁷ fjP[hTldhd mthpd; jpUkzk; mtiu me;j efuj;jpNyNa kpfg; ngUk; gzf;fhuuhf Mf;fpw;W.[186]

egp(]y;) mth;fSf;F nry;tf; nfhil mspf;fg;gl;lJ vd jpUf;Fh;Md; mwptpf;fpd;wJ :-

ck;ikj; NjitAilatuhff; fz;L nry;te;juhf;fpdhd;\ jpUf;Fh;Md; 93;3.

,NaRtpw;Fk; rq;fuhr;rhhpahUf;Fk; nry;tj;ijaspf;f ,iwtd; tpUk;ghjjhy;> mth;fis Gj;jh ikj;Nuah vd;W epidg;gJ jtwhFk;.  K`k;kJ(]y;) mth;fSf;f nry;tk; mspf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. MfNt mth; Gj;jh ikj;Nuah vd;gJ Muha;e;J Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;ba Ntz;ba xd;W.

nfhil

kf;fl; nry;tk;

(egpNa) epr;rakhf ckf;F Kd;dUk;> ehk; J}jh;fis mDg;gp itj;Njhk;;  mth;fSf;Fk; kidtpaiuAk;, re;jjpfisAk; ehd; Vw;gLj;jpapUe;Njhk;. jpUf;Fh;Md; 13:38.

,NaRTk; rq;fuhr;rhhpahUk; gpuk;kr;rhhpfshfNt kuzpj;jdh; vd fpwp];jt Ntjq;fSk; ,e;Jf;fspd; gilg;Gf;fSk; ekf;Fj; njhptpf;fpd;wd;.  mth;fspd; rhl;rp cz;iknad ehk; vLj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;.  MfNt Gj;jh;fspd; fz;Nzhl;lg; gpufhuk; ,NaR kw;Wk; rq;fuhr;rhhpahh; Mfpath;fs; Gj;jh ikj;Nuah vd;w thjk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl KbahJ. Vnddpy; mth;;fSf;F ,iwtd; kf;fl; nry;tj;ij toq;ftpy;iy.  khwhf> K`k;kJ (]y;) mth;fSf;F gy kf;fl; nry;tq;fis toq;fg;gl;bUe;jdh;.  MfNt mth;jhd; Gj;jh ikj;Nuah vd;gJ Muha;e;J Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;ba tprakhFk;.

Gj;j ikj;Nuahtpd; kfd; \g;h;`;kp th;njd ikj;hp|[187] vd;W $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.

egp(]y;) mth;fspd; kfdhd fh]pk; vd;gtNu nth; vd ehk; milahsk; fhz;fpd;Nwhk;.[188] g;h;`;kp th;nj,d ikj;hp vd;gjd; rhpahd cr;rhpg;G \g;u`;k; th;jd; ikj;Nuah vd;gjhFk;.

m) gpu`;kp vd;gJ rk];fpUjj;jpy; gpu`;kh my;yJ gpu`;kd; vd;gNjhL njhlh;GgLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. mjd; mh;;j;jk;;- flTs;> nra;gth;> Kjw; fhuzk;> gilg;gtd;[189]

M) th;jd; vd;gJ mjpfhpj;jy;> mgptpUj;jp mspg;gth;> rptdpd; gl;lg;ngah;> mjpfg;G> tsh;r;rp> cj;Ntfk;> fw;gpj;jy;> tsh;j;jy;> ntl;Ljy;> gphpj;jy;[190] vd;gitfshFk;.

n) ikj;Nuah vd;gJ mUl; nfhil vd;gjhFk;.

mUshsdhd ,iwtdpw;F kpfTk; cah;e;j jpUehkq;fs; cs;sd.[191] mtdpd; jpUehkq;fspy; xd;W fh]pk; vd;gjhFk;. Vnddpy; mtd; jd; mUl; nfhilia mtDila gilg;Gf;fSf;fpilNa gq;fpLfpd;whh;. mtNd mgptpUj;jpia mspf;fpwhd;. mtNd mtd; gilg;Gf;fsidj;ijAk; Nkd;ikAwr; nra;fpwhd;> cj;Ntfkspf;fpwhd;> fw;gpf;fpwhd;. K`k;kJ(]y;) mth;fspd; 99 jpUehkq;fspy; fh]pk; vd;gJk; xd;whFk;.[192] egp(]y;) mth;fNs mGy; fh]pk;|fh]pkpd; je;ij vd;W miof;fg;gl;lhh;.[193] fh]pk; vd;gjd; mh;j;jk; ntl;Lgth;> gphpg;gth; vd;gjhFk;.[194]

MfNt> kf;fl; nry;tk; vd;w fz;Nzhl;lg;gb> egp(]y;) mth;fspd; kfDila ngah; Kd;dwptpf;fg;gl;l Gj;jh ikj;Nuahtpd; kfdpd; ngaUld; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f tpjj;jpy; nghUj;jkhAs;sJ vd;gjpypUe;J K`k;kJ(]y;) mth;fs;jhd; Gj;jh ikj;Nuah. ,NaRNth rq;fuhr;rhhpNah my;y vd;gij kpf kpf njspthfpd;wJ.

3 JiztpanuDk; mUl; nfhil

(egpNa) epr;rakhf ckf;F Kd;dUk; ehk; J}jh;fis mDg;gp itj;Njhk;; mth;fSf;F kidtpaiuAk; re;jjpfisAk; Vw;gLj;jpapUe;Njhk;. jpUFh;Md; 13:38

kidtpiaf; fz;lilfpwtd; ed;ikahdijf; fz;lilfpwhd;; fh;j;juhy;;; jiaAk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sfpwhd;. ePjpnkhopfs; 18:22.

,NaRtpw;Fk; rq;fuhr;rhhpahUf;Fk; kidtpfis mspj;J ,iwtd; \jia\ nra;atpy;iy. ,e;j mUl; nfhiliag; nghUj;j tiu mth;fs; \ed;ikahdijAk; \fh;j;jhpd; jiaAk;| ngwtpy;iy.  MfNt> xU Gj;j kjj;jpdd;> mtDila Ntjq;fspd; topfhl;Ljypd;gb> mth;fis Gj;jh ikj;Nuahthf fUj KbahJ.

khwhf> K`k;kJ (]y;) mth;fs; gy kidtpfs; mUl; nfhilfshf mspf;fg;gl;bUe;jdh;. gioa Vw;ghl;bd; Kd; khjphpAk; Nky; nfhLf;fg;gl;l Gj;jkj Ntjq;fspd; thf;FfSk; kpfr; rhpahdit. mth; Vuhskhd ed;ikia mspf;fg;gl;bUe;jhh;.

\,iwtdpd; mUl;nfhil ck;kPJ mstw;wjhapUe;jpUf;fpwJ

\.... ck; kPJ mtdpd; mUl;nfhil nghpajhf ,Ue;jpUf;fpd;wJ

mthpd; kidtpfSs; xUth; fjP[h (uyp) Mthh;fs;. ,th;fis Kd;dwptpf;fg;gl;l Gj;jh ikj;Nuahtpd; kidtpahd re;jpnu Kfp (epyh Kfj;jhs;)ahf ehk; fhz;fpNwhk;.[195] re;jpnu Kfp vd;gjd; rhpahd cr;rhpg;G re;jpu Kfp vd;gjhFk;. mjhtJ \re;jpuidg; Nghd;W mofhd Kfj;ijAilats;|my;yJ \re;jpuidg; Nghd;W gpufhrkhd> mofhd Kfj;ijAilats;|²¹⁴ vd;gjhFk;. rk];fpUjj;jpy; \Kf;| vd;Dk; thh;j;ij \tha;> Kfk;> KjyhtJ> jiyikahd> gpujhdkhd vd;gjhFk;.[196]

egp(]y;) mth;fspd; Kjy;kidtp fjP[h Mthh;fs;. mth;fs; mofhdth;fSk; cah;Fbiar; Nrh;e;jth;fSkhapUe;jhh;fs;.[197] mth;fisj;jhd; egp(]y;) mth;fs; kpfTk; Nerpj;jhh;fs; vd ehd; fUJfpd;Nwd;.  MfNt mth;fs;jhd; gpujhdkhd kidtpahthh;. mth;fspd; kuzj;jpw;Fg; gpwF egp(]y;) mth;fs; gy kidtpaiu kze;jdh;. mth;fspy; Map~hit kpfTk; Nerpj;jdh;. mg;gbahdhy; Map~h gpujhdkhd kidtpahf Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy; Map~h(uyp) mwptpg;gjhtJ:-  \fjP[h ePz;l fhyj;jpw;F Kd;Ng kuzkha; tpl;bUe;Jk; mth;fis ehd; ghh;j;jNjapy;yhkypUe;Jk; egp(]y;) mth;fspd; kidtpahpy; mth;fisj; jtpu kw;wth;fspy; Nky; vdf;F nghwhikahapy;iy. ehd; tpag;gile;J egp(]y;) mth;fsplk; rpyNeuq;fspy; \fjP[h ,e;j cyfj;jpNyNa mG+h;tkhd> ,izaw;w ngz;zh vd;W Nfl;Ngd;. mjw;F egp(]y;) mth;fs; fjP[h mt;thwhfj;jhd; ,Ue;jhh;fs; vd;W gjpyspj;jhh;fs;.[198]

epytpw;F rk];fpUjj;jpy; Nrhkh> ,e;J vd;W gy thh;j;ijfs; cs;sd ... epyT vd;gJ ghpRj;jk; my;yJ fw;G vd;gjd; milahskhFk;.

m) Gj;jh fTjkh nrhy;tjhtJ:- \re;jpuidg; Nghd;W J}a;ikahfTk; ghpRj;jkhfTk; ,Uf;fpw mtd;[199]

M) \NrhkNd> eP md;gpw;Fhpa kpj;uidg; Nghd;W ghpRj;jkhdtdhapUf;fpd;wha;> Mh;akidg; Nghd;W kjpf;fj;jf;ftd;[200]

,) \ghpRj;jkhdijf; (Nrhkhit) Fbg;gth;fs;.[201]

mwpahikf; fhyj;jpy; $l fjP[htpd; milnkhopg; ngah; jh`puh vd;gjhFk;.[202]jh`puh vd;w mugp thh;j;ijf;F \ghpRj;jkhd ngz;\ \fw;nghOf;fKs;s ngz;\ vd;gjhFk;. \jh`ph;\ vd;why; \ghpRj;jk;\ vd;W mh;j;jkhFk;.[203]

MfNt Kd;dwptpf;fg;gl; Gj;jh ikj;Nuahtpd; kidtp re;jpu Kfp vd;gJ fjP[h vd;gJ njspT.

Ml;rp mjpfhuk;

rq;fuhr;rhhpahUf;F mth; tho; ehspy; Ml;rp mjpfhuk; nfhLf;fg;gl;bUf;ftpy;iy.

,NaRtpw;Fk; ,g;G+Tyf ,uh[;ak; mspf;fg;gltpy;iy; ve;j uh[hq;fj;ijAk; jd; tho; ehspy; mth; Ml;rp nra;jjpy;iy. mth; nrhy;tjhtJ:-

ehpfSf;Ff; FopfSk; Mfhaj;Jg; gwitfSf;Ff; $LfSk; cz;L kD~FkhuDf;Nfh jiyrha;f;f ,lkpy;iy vd;whh;. kj;NjA 8:20

,NaRtpw;F jk;KilaJ vd;W nrhy;ypf; nfhs;sj;jf;f mstpy; xU mq;Fy ,lk; $l ,Ue;jjpy;iy vd;W Nkw; Fwpg;gplg;gl;l thh;j;ijfspypUe;J njspthfpd;wJ.

,NaR murnud;W mthpd; neUq;fpa rPlh;fspy; rpyUk; mthpd; ehl;lth;fspy; rpyUk; fUjpdh;.

 -            \kWehspNy ,NaR vUrNyKf;F tUfpwhnud;W gz;biff;F te;j jpushd [dq;fs; Nfs;tpg;gl;L> FUj;Njhiyfisg; gpbj;Jf; nfhz;L> mtUf;F vjph; nfhz;L NghFk;gb Gwg;gl;L Xrd;dh> fh;j;jUila ehkj;jpdhNy tUfpw ,];uNtypd; uh[h ];Njhj;jphpf;fg;gl;lth; vd;W Mh;g;ghpj;jhh;fs;. kj;NjA 8:20

 -            mtNu ,];uNtiy kPl;bul;rpg;gth; vd;W ehq;fs; ek;gpapUe;Njhk;| Nahthd; 12:13

 -            mg;nghOJ $bte;jpUe;jth;fs; mtiu Nehf;fp; Mz;ltNu> ,f;fhyj;jpyh uh[;aj;ij ,];uNtYf;Fj; jpUk;gf; nfhLg;gPh; vd;W Nfl;lhh;fs;. el 1:6

rpy fpwp];jt mwpQh;fs; irj;jhid \,t;Tyfpd; mjpgjp|[204] vdf;fUJfpd;wdh;. ,jw;Fg; gpwFk; rpy fpwp];jth;fs; \mNj ,NaR| ,t;Tyfpw;F jpUk;g te;J ,uh[;aj;ij ];jhgpg;ghh; vd ek;Gfpd;wdh;. ,e;j ek;gpf;if gz;zpU rPlh;fsplkpUe;J etPd fhy fpwp];jth;fSf;F te;jpUg;gjhf nrhy;yg;gLk; kpfg; gioa ek;gpf;if ,J.[205]  ,NaR \murh;f;F murh;> gpuGtpw;F gpuG vd;W miof;fg;gLfpd;whh;. ,NaR ,t;Tyfpw;F jpUk;gp te;jhy; $l mth; xU NghJk; murikf;fkhl;lhh; vd ehk; $wpf; nfhs;fpNwhk;. ,NaR nja;t J}~zq; nrhd;djhfTk; fyfj;ij Nghjpj;jhfTk; Nuhk ePjpkd;wj;jpy; tprhhpf;fg;gl;lhh;.

ve;j tpj Ml;rpajpfhuKk; mtUf;F nfhLf;fg;gltpy;iy NkYk; vjph; fhyj;jpYk; ve;j tpj muirqk; mth; Ms khl;lhh; vd mtiu tprhhpf;Fk; NghJ Rl;bf;fhl;Lfpd;whh;:-

mg;nghOJ gpyhj;J kWgbAk; mukidf;Fs; gpuNtrpj;J> ,NaRit mioj;J eP A+jUila uh[hth vd;W Nfl;lhd;. ,NaR mtDf;Fg; gpujpAj;jukhf; ePuha; ,g;gbr; nrhy;YfpwPNuh? My;yJ kw;wth;fs; vd;idf;Fwpj;J ,g;gb ckf;Fr; nrhd;dhh;fNsh vd;whh;. gpyhj;J gpujpAj;jukhf ehd; A+jdh? cd; [dq;fSk; gpujhd MrhhpaUk; cd;id vd;dplj;jpy; xg;Gf; NghLj;jhh;fs;. eP vd;d nra;jha; vd;whd;. ,NaR gpujpAj;jukhf vd; uh[;ak; ,t;Tyfj;jpw;Fhpajy;y> vd; uh[;ak; ,t;Tyfj;jpw;Fhpajhdhy; ehd; A+jhplj;j;py; xg;Gf;nfhLf;fg;glhjgbf;F vd; Copaf;fhuh; NghuhbapUg;ghh;fNs; ,g;gbapUf;f vd; uh[;ak; ,t;tplj;jpw;Fhpajy;y vd;whh;. mg;nghOJ gpyhj;J mtiu Nehf;fp; mg;gbahdhy; eP uh[hNt vd;whd;. ,NaR gpujpAj;jukhf;  ePh; nrhy;Yfpwgb ehd; uh[hjhd; ...| Nahthd; 18;33-7.

,NaRtpw;Fk; rq;fuhr;rhhpahtpw;Fk; Ml;rpajpfhuk; nfhLf;fg;gltpy;iy. xU Gj;j kjj;jpdd;> mtUila kj fpue;jq;fspd; topfhl;Ljy;gb> mth;fs; Gj;jh ikj;Nuah vd;W fUjpl KbahJ.

K`k;kJ(]y;) mth;fs;jhd; Gj;jh ikj;Nuah Mthh;fs;. Vnddpy; mth;fs; ntw;wp ngw;w uh[hthf ,Ue;jhh;fs;.[206]

ePz;l MAs;

K`k;kJ (]y;) mth;fs; 60 tUlq;fSf;F Nkyhf ,t;Tyfpy; tho;e;jhh;fs;. mth;fs; gy Aj;jj;jpy; gq;F nfhz;ldh;. c`J Aj;jj;jpy; mth; jd; \caph; ,bg;gpw;F kpfr; rkPgj;jpy;[207] ,Ue;jhh;. mtUila capiu ,iwtd; `{idd; Aj;jj;jpy; fhg;ghw;wpdhd;. mtUila capiug;gwpf;fr; nra;ag;gl;l Kaw;rpfs; gy Njhy;tpapy; Kbe;jd.  ,itfspy; rpy jpUf;Fh;Mdpy; $wg;gl;Ls;sd.

 -            (egpNa) ck;ikr; rpiwg;gLj;jNth my;yJ ck;ikf; nfhiy nra;aNth my;yJ ck;ik (Ciutpl;L) ntspNaw;wptplNth epuhfhpg;Nghh; #o;r;rp nra;jij epidT $WtPuhf. jpUf;Fh;Md; 8:30

 -            \K`k;kJ(]y;) mth;fSk; mth;fspd; Njhoh;fSk;...... kjpaj;njhOifia epiwNtw;wpf;nfhz;bUe;jdh;.  mtiu jhf;Ftjw;fhf fpilj;j me;j mhpa re;jh;g;gj;ij eGt tpl;ljw;fhf rpiy tzf;ff; Fk;gy; xd;W kpfTk; tUe;jpaJ. MfNt khiy Neuj; njhOif Neuj;jpy; mth;fis jhf;Ftjw;fhf fhj;jpUe;jhh;fs;; Mdhy; ,iwtd; mth;fspd; jpl;lq;fis Kwpaoj;J tpl;lhd; ...| Sale. P. 99. Foot Note.  

 -            mk;U ,g;D cka;ah my; jpk;hp vd;gtdhy; jtWjyhff; nfhy;yg;gl;l ,U K];ypk;fspd; e~;l <l;Lj; njhifia ngWtjw;fhf egp (]y;) mth;fs; gD Fiujh vd;Dk; A+jf; Fyj;jpdhplk; nrd;wdh;. egp (]y;) mth;fs; jq;fSld; mkh;e;J cztUe;j Ntz;Lnkd;Wk; gpwF gzj;ij jUtjhfTk; Ntz;,bf; nfhz;ldh;. K`k;kJ (]y;) mth;fs; mth;fspd; Ntz;LNfhSf;F ,zq;fpdhh;fs;.  Mdhy; mth; mkh;e;jpUf;Fk; Ntisapy; ngUk; ghuq;fy; xd;iw mthpd; Nky; cUl;b tpl;L mthpd; capiug; gwpf;f jpl;lk; jPl;bapUe;jdh; mg;ghtpfs;. mk;U ,g;D [`;~; vd;gtd; mf;nfhba jpl;lj;ij epiwNtw;wf; fhj;jpUe;jhd;.  Mdhy; ,iwtd; mtd; iffisj; jLj;J tpl;lhd;. [pg;hPy; vDk; thdth; cldbahf ,wq;fp mth;fspd; rjpj; jpl;lj;ij njhptpj;jdh;. clNdNa egp (]y;) mth;fs; vOe;J nrd;W tpl;ldh;\ Sale. P. 99. Foot Note.

 -            \... K`k;kJ(]y;) mth;fs; jG+f;fpypUe;J jpUk;gp tUk; Ntisapy; my;-mfgh vd;Dk; caukhd ,lj;jpy; ,uT Neuj;jpy; mth;fs; xl;lfiapy; rthhp nra;J nfhz;bUe;j nghOJ gjpide;J egh;fs; nfhz;l FO mtUila xl;lfj;ij ghjhsj;jpy; js;sp tpl;L mtiu nfhy;yr; rjp nra;jdh;. egp(]y;) mth;fspd; xl;lfj;ij mk;khh; ,g;D ah]ph;(uyp) mth;fs; top elj;jpdhh;fs; mjw;Fg; gpd;Nd `{ijgh(uyp) mth;fs; te;J nfhz;bUe;jhh;fs;. mth;fs; jq;fspd; jpl;lj;ij epiwNtw;w vj;jdpf;ifapy;  `{ijgh (uyp) mth;fs; xl;lfq;fs; tUk; rj;jj;ijAk; MAjq;fs; cuRk; rj;jj;ijAk; Nfl;L tpl;L mgha vr;rhpf;if nra;jhh;.  mjdhy; mth;fs; (Nghiyahspfs;) Xo tpl;ldh;. Ibid. P. 189.

 -            \... egp(]y;) mth;fisf; Nghy;y Ntz;Lk; vd;w jq;fspd; jPh;khdj;ij epiwNtw;Wtjw;fhf Fiu~pfs; nghWf;fp vLf;fg;gl;l nisAh;fis nfhz;L mth;fs; tPl;il Kw;Wifaplr; nra;jdh; ... egp(]y;) mth;fs; Nghiyahspfspd; ftdj;ij jpUg;Gk; nghUl;L jq;fspd; gLf;ifapy; myp(uyp) mth;fis gLf;f itj;J tpl;L mth;fs; ntspNa nrd;W tpl;ldh; ... mth;fs; mtiu ghh;f;f ,aytpy;iy\ Sale. P. 431

 -            ifgiur; Nrh;e;j A+jg;ngz; xUj;jpahy; egp (]y;) mth;fSf;F eQ;#l;lg;gl;l czT nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ.[208] MdhYk; ,J mthpd; capiug; Nghf;f Kbatpy;iy. ,jw;Fg; gpwFk; egp (]y;) mth;fs; gy Mz;Lfs; tho;e;jhh;fs; ...

jd;Dila capiu vtUk; vLj;jpl KbahJ vd;gij egp(]y;) mth;fs; mwpe;jpUe;jhh;fs;. jpUf;Fh;Md; ,J rk;ge;jkhf $WtjhtJ;-

\,iwtd; ck;ik jPath;fsplkpUe;J ghJfhg;ghd;

\,e;j trdk; mUsg;gLk; tiu K`k;kJ(]y;) mth;fs; jk;Kila ghJfhg;gpw;fhf MAjk; jhq;fpa Ml;fis epakpj;jpUe;jhh;fs;. Mdhy; ,iwtd; ghJfhg;ghd; vd;w cj;juthjj;ij ,iwtdplkpUe;J ngw;w gpwF ghJfhg;gpw;fhd mt;thl;fis Ntz;lhnkd $wp tpl;lhh;fs;\[209]

,NaR Gj;jh ikj;Nuahthf ,Uf;fKbahJ Vnddpy; mth; jd;Dila ,sikf;fhyj;jpy; 33 tajhapUf;ifapNyNa rpYitapyiwag;gl;L nfhy;yg;gl;lhh;[210] vd iggps; trdk; $Wfpd;wJ. rq;fuhr;rhhpahUk; Gj;jh ikj;Nuahthf ,Uf;f KbahJ Vnddpy; mtUk; 32 tajpNyNa ,ew;J Ngha; tpl;lhh;[211] NkYk; mth; mf;fhy kf;fs; tho;e;j ruhrhp taij vl;bg; gpbf;f Kbatpy;iy. K`k;kJ (]y;) mth;fs;jhd; Gj;jh ikj;Nuah Mthh;fs;. Vnddpy; mth;fs;jhd; ePz;l MAis nfhLf;fg;gl;L jd;Dila 60 Mk; tajpw;F Nky; ,aw;ifahd kuzkile;jhh;fs;.

kPl;rpj; jpl;lk;

kdpjd; jhNd (-jd;Dila nrayhy;) jd;id ,ul;rpg;gtdhf ,Uf;fNtz;Lk; NkYk; mtDila kPl;rpf;fhf mtd; ciof;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W Gj;j kj Nghjid $Wfpd;wJ. 

jhj;jfjhf;fs; (-Gj;jh;fs;) gpur;rhufh;fs; khj;jpuNk. epr;rakhf cdf;F ePjhd; Kaw;rp nra;jpl Ntz;Lk;. (ew;) ghijapy; Eioaf; $ba rpe;jidahsh;fs; khuhtpd; fl;bypUe;J tpLgl;L tpLfpd;whhh;fs;.[212]

jd;idg; gpd;gw;WNthUf;F Gj;jh fTjkh nrhd;d ,Wjp thh;j;ijfs;;-

\kfpo;Tld; cq;fs; kPl;rpf;fhf cioAq;fs;|[213]

Gj;jh fTjkh ntspg;gLj;jpa mNj kPl;rpj; jpl;lj;ijNa jpUf;Fh;MDk; njspthd Kiwapy; ntspapLfpd;wJ;-

 -            ,d;Dk;> Xh; Mj;kh kw;Nwhh; Mj;khtpw;Fr; rpwpJk; gad;gl KbahNjh(me;j) xU ehis ePq;fs; mq;rp elg;gPh;fshf(me;j ehspy;) ve;jg; ghpe;JiuAk; mjw;fhf Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl khl;lhJ  mjw;fhf ve;jg; gjpyPLk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl khl;lhJ md;wpAk; (ghtk; nra;j) mth;fs; cjtp nra;ag;glTk; khl;lhh;fs;. jpUf;Fh;Md; 2:48

 -            Mj;khtpd; kPJk;> mij xOq;FgLj;jpatd; kPJk; rj;jpakhf- mg;ghy; mtd;(my;yh`;) mjw;F mjd; jPikiaAk; mjd; ed;ikiAk; czh;j;jpdhd;.mij(Mj;khit)g; ghpRj;jkhf;fpath; jplkhf ntw;wpaile;jhh;. Mdhy vtd; mij(g; ghtj;jpy;) GFj;jpdhNdh mtd; jpl;lkhfj; Njhy;tp mile;jhd;. jpUf;Fh;Md; 91;7-10. Nkw;fz;l trdj;jpw;F K`k;kJ mypapd; jpUf;Fh;Md; nkhop ngah;g;gpy; $wg;gl;Ls;s tphpTiuahtJ;- \jpUf;Fh;Mdpd; kPl;rp tpjpia ftdpAq;fs;; kdpjd; jd;Dila Mj;khit rfy tpj mOf;FfspypUe;Jk; ghpRj;jg;gLj;JtJjhd; kdpjid mtd; ,yf;fpw;F ,l;Lr;nry;tjhFk;. mNj Neuj;jpy; jPa nray;fspy; <Lgl;L mij ehrg;gLj;JtJ vd;gJ mtd; jd; tho;f;ifapy; vl;l Ntz;ba cz;ik ,yf;if tpl;Lk; mtidj; Njhy;tpAwr; nra;tjhFk;[214]

 -            vdNt> vth; Xh; mZtsT ed;ik nra;jpUe;jhYk; mj(w;Fhpa gy)id mth; fz;L nfhs;thh;. md;wpAk; vtd; Xh; mZtsT jPik nra;jpUe;jhYk;, mj(w;Fhpa gy)idAk; mtd; fz;L nfhs;thd;. 99;2-3.

egp(]y;) mth;fs; vr;rhpf;ifahsh; khj;jpuNk vd;w mNj kPl;rpj; jpl;lj;ij gy egp nkhopfspypUe;J ehk; fhzyhk;.

 -                 ck;Kila cwtpdh;fis vr;rhpg;gPuhf vd;w trdk; ,wf;fpaUsg;gl;lNghJ my;yh`;tpd; J}juth;fs; Fiu~pfSf;F miog;G mDg;gpdhh;fs;. mth;fs; midtUk; (mth; nrhy;tij Nfl;gjw;fhf) xd;W $bdhh;fs;. mth;fis nghJthfTk; gpd;G Fwpg;gpl;Lk; vr;rhpf;if nra;J tpl;L \fmg; gpd; fmg;Gila re;jjpahNu eufj;jpypUe;J cq;fis fhj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs; mg;J};]k;]pd; re;jjpahNu eufj;jpypUe;J cq;fis fhj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;. mg;J Kdhgpd; re;jjpahNu eufj;jpypUe;J cq;fis fhj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.mg;Jy; Kj;jypgpd; re;jjpahNu eufj;jpypUe;J cq;fis fhj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. ghj;jpkhNt   eufj;jpypUe;J cd;id fhj;Jf;nfhs;(,iwtd; cd;idj; jz;bf;f tpUk;gpdhy; mijj; jLf;f) ve;j tpj mjpfhuKk; vdf;F ,y;iy. epr;rakhf cdf;F vd;dplk; nrhe;jk; cz;L. (cdf;F ,t;Tyfj;jpy; ed;ik nra;tjd;%yk;) mij ehd; fhf;f Kaw;rp nra;Ntd; vd mG+`{iuuh(uyp) mth;fs; mwptpf;fpd;whh;fs;. Vol. I. P. 354.

 -            ck;Kila cwtpdh;fis vr;rhpg;gPuhf vd;w trdk; ,wf;fpaUsg;gl;lNghJ> my;yh`;tpd; J}juth;fs; rgh kiyapd; kPJ epd;W nfhz;L, K`k;kJtpd; kfs; ghj;jpkhNt> mg;Jy; Kj;jypgpd; kfs; rgpahNt> mg;Jy; Kj;jypgpd; re;jjpahNu>ehd; cq;fis(,iwtd; cq;fisj; jz;bf;f ehbdhy; mtd; jz;lidapypUe;J) fhg;ghw;wpl KbahJ. ePq;fs; tpUk;gpdhy; vd; nrhj;jpypUe;J ePq;fs; tpUk;gpaij vLj;Jf; nfhs;syhk; vd egp(]y;) mth;fs; $wpdhh;fnsd Map~h(uyp) mth;fs; mwptpf;fpd;whh;fs;. Vol. I. P. 355.

 -            ck;Kila cwtpdh;fis vr;rhpg;gPuhf vd;w trdk; ,wf;fpaUsg;gl;lNghJ \Fiw~pfNs (ew;nray;fisr; nra;tjd; %yk;) cq;fspd; caph;fis ,iwtdplkpUe;J tpiyf;F thq;Fq;fs;; ,iwtDf;F Kd; ehd; ve;j tpjj;jpYk; cq;fSf;F gad;glkhl;Nld;. mg;Jy; Kj;jypgpd; re;jjpahNu> ehd; cq;fSf;F ve;jtpjj;jpYk; gad;glkhl;Nld;|vd;W $wpajhf mG+`{iuuh(uyp) mth;fs; mwptpf;fpd;whh;fs;. Vol. I. P. 355.  

fPo; fz;lNj kPl;rpj; jpl;lnkd fpwp];jt mwpQh;fs; $Wfpd;whh;fs;;-

\ghtpj;jpw;F ghpfhukhf jd;idNa gyp nfhLg;gjw;fhfj;jhd; fpwp];J ,t;Tyfpw;F te;jhh;|[215]  

\fhzhkw; Nghd ghtpfis kPl;gjw;fhfNt|,NaR rpYitapyiwg;gl;lhh; vd;gNj iggpspd; mbf;fUj;jhFk; vd;W kpfTk; rhpahf nrhy;yg;gl;bUf;fpd;wJ ... ngz;zpd; tpijapypUe;j kPl;rp ngWtJ vd;gNj mjDila KO tpraKkhFk; \cyfj;jpd; ghtj;ij ePf;Ffpw Njt Ml;Lf;Fl;b\apd; gf;fk; ftdj;ij jpUg;GtNj mjDila kpfg;ngUk; ,yl;rpakhFk;|[216]

\ek; midthpd; ghtq;fisAk; fh;j;jhpd; mth; Nky; Rkj;jpdhh;| Vrhah 43:6.

,Njh cyfj;jpd; ghtj;ij Rke;J jPh;f;fpd;w Njt Ml;Lf;Fl;b.| Nah 1:29

xt;nthU jdpg;gl;ltUk; jd;idj;jhNd fhj;Jf; nfhs;gth; my;y Mdhy; ,NaRjhd; mthpd; ,ul;rfh; vd;gJjhd; fpwp];jt mwpQh;fspd; $w;W vd;gJ Nkw;fz;litfspypUe;J njspthfj; njhpa tUfpd;wJ. MfNt ,NaR Gj;jh ikj;Nuahthf ,Ue;jpl KbahJ.

ngUk;ghyhd `pe;Jf;fspd; $w;Wg; gpufhuk; rq;fuhr;rhhpahh; Ntjkspf;fg;gl;ltuy;y MfNt mth; kPl;rpj; jpl;lk; vijAk; Nghjpj;jpltpy;iy.  MfNt mtiu ehk; fzf;fpnyLj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;bajpy;iy.

K`k;kJ(]y;) mth;fs;jhd; Gj;jh ikj;Nuah Vnddpy; mth;jhd; fTjk Gj;jiug; Nghd;W kPl;;rpj; jpl;lj;ij gpur;rhuk; nra;jhh;.

[171]  Warren. PP. 14-15.

[172]   Sri Shankaracharya by C.N. Krishna Swami Aiyer and S.N. Tattyabhusan. P. 14. 

[173]  Ibid P. 13. 

[174]  Sankaracharya by S.N. Dutta, PP. 2-3.

[175]  Matt. 26:66

[176]  The Bible Ency. P. 135. 

[177]  Warren PP. 14-15

[178]  Ibid. P. 

[179]  The Persian Gem Dictionary P. 175.

[180]  Shankaracharya by C.N.K. Aiyer and S. Tattavabhusan PP. 46-8. 

[181]  The Holy Bible by Wordsworth, Vol. I. P. 244 Foot Note. 

[182]  Warren P. 79.

[183]  Matt. 13: 55. 

[184]  Luke. 2:7.

[185]  Mark. 6:3.

[186]  Mohammed, Buddha and Christ by M. Dods. D.D.P. 19. 

[187]  Asiatick Researches, 1803, Vol. VII. P. 415.

[188]  Irving P. 34. 

[189]  Hindi English Dictionary by R.N. Lal. 

[190]  Dictionary by L.R. Vaidya. 

[191]   The Holy Koran 59:24 

[192]  Panjsurah P. 69

[193]  Irving, P.34. 

[194]  The Persian Gem Dictionary.

[195]  Asiatic Researches, 1802, Vol. VII. P. 415. 

[196]  He Dictionary by RN. Lal.

[197]  Irving. PP. 30-1

[198]  Quoted in the Ideal of Womanhood in Islam by Q. Abdul Haq. PP. 33-4.

[199]  Rockhill. P. 192. Rigveda Book I. 93:3. 

[200]  Rigveda Book I. 93:3.

[201]  Vol. XXVI. Satpath-Brahmana. P. 234. 

[202]  The Rahmat-ul-lil-Alamin by Q.M. Soliman. Vol. II. P. 185. 

[203]  Persian Gem Dictionary. 

[204]  John 14:30. 

[205]  Tim. 6:15 ; Rev. 17:14. 

[206]  Historian’s History of the World. Vol. VIII. P. 130. 

[207]  Sale. P. 60, Foot Note. 

[208]  Ency. Br. XVII. 

[209]   Sale’s Koran P. 109. Foot Note. 

[210]  Mark. 15: 25. 

[211]  Ency. Br. Vol. XXIV. 

[212]  The Dhammapada, S.B.E. Vol. X.P. 67.

[213]  Carus. P. 211. Narasu P. 

[214]  Foot Note. 2746. 

[215]  Eadie. P. 133. 

[216]  Ibid. P. 134.