md;iwa kq;Nfhypah;fSk; ,d;iwa mnkhpf;fh;fSk;

gf;jhj;:

md;iwa kq;Nfhypah;fSk; ,d;iwa mnkhpf;fh;fSk;

-xU tuyhw;Wg; gpd;dzp

gf;jhj;> ,J <uhf; ehl;bd; jiyefuk;. mnkhpf;fh;fs; ,e;ehl;il Vg;uy; 2003y; Koikahff; ifafg;gLj;jpf; nfhz;lhh;fs;.

md;W Kjy; ,d;Wtiu gf;jhij nfhs;isabj;J tUfpd;whh;fs;. ,th;fs; gf;jhjpd; cs;Ns Gfe;jcld; mq;fpUe;j kpfg;nghpa E}y; epiyaj;ij nfhs;isabj;jhh;fs; vd;gij gj;jphpf;iffs; gpugy;ag;gLj;jpd.

Mz;ikapy;(13.06.2003)xU gs;sp thrYf;Fs; Gfe;J ,Ue;jijnay;yhk; jpUbr; nrd;wpUf;fpwhh;fs;.

The Hindu, 14. 06. ‏2003

<uhf; gilfs; tpiyNghd gpd;> mnkhpf;f Mf;fpukpg;ghsh;fis vjph;j;Jg; NghuhLk; xU rf;jpahf kf;fs; rf;jp khwp ,Uf;fpd;wJ.

,e;epiyapy; mq;Nf <uhf;fpDs; mz;il ehLfspypUe;J gy Mapuk; ,isQh;fs; GFe;jhh;fs; vd;gij ehk; Vw;fdNt njspTgLj;jp ,Ue;Njhk;.

(ghh;f;f tpbay; Vg;uy; 2003)

,e;j muG ,isQh;fs; ,g;NghJ mnkhpf;f Mf;fpukpg;ghsh;fis vjph;j;Jg; NghuhbtUfpd;whh;fs;.

13.06.2003y; mnkhpf;f gilfis vjph;j;J elj;jpa jpBh; jhf;Fjypy; nkhj;jk; 70 <uhf; K];ypk;fs; \`hjj;ij mile;Js;shh;fs;. mjhtJ>Mf;fpukpg;ghsh;fSf;F vjpuhfTk; mepahaf;fhuh;fSf;F vjpuhfTk; Nghuhb my;yh`;Tf;fhf caph;Jwf;Fk; ngUk;Ngw;iw ngw;wpUf;fpd;whh;fs;.

,th;fspy; ngUk;ghNyhh; ,e;j ntspehLfspypUe;J te;J mnkhpf;f Mf;fpukpg;ghsh;fSf;nfjpuhfg; NghuLgth;fs; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

mnkhpf;fh vd;w ty;yuRf;F vjpuhf NghuhLk; ,e;j neQ;Ruj;ij me;j kf;fs; ,iwtdpd; top fhl;Ljy;fspypUe;jy;yhky; Ntnwq;Fk; ngw;wpl ,ayhJ.

,e;j cyfpy; nghJthff; fzf;Fg; ghh;fg;gLk;Ms; gyk;>Maj gyk; ,tw;iw itj;Jg; ghh;j;jhy;> mnkhpf;fhTf;F vjpuhf epd;wpLk; kdepiy ve;j khtPuDf;Fk; te;jplhJ.

,j;Jid gykpf;f mnkhpf;fhit cyfpd; xNu ty;yuR vd cah;e;J epkph;e;J>jpkpNuhLk;> jpdNthLk; epd;W nfhz;bUf;Fk; mnkhpf;fhit vjph;j;J epd;wpLk; neQ;Ruj;ij> '<khd;" vd;w ,iwtd; kPJ nfhs;sg; gLk; ,iw ek;gpf;ifAk;> mtd; kuzj;jpw;f;Fg; gpd;dhy; jutpUf;fpd;w ,wg;gpy;yhj ew;$ypANk je;jpl KbAk;.

(,jid ehk; tpbay; gpg;uthp 2003y; tpsf;fkhf ntspapl;bUe;Njhk;)

gf;jhij ikakhff; nfhz;l ghurPfk; tPo;e;jNghJ> ghurPf jsgjp U];Jk; ,g;gbf; Fwpg;gpl;lhd;. ''vspikiaf; nfhz;Lk; vspa epiyiaf; nfhz;Lk; ePq;fs; ntw;wp ngw;Wtpl;Bh;fs;.""

mnkhpf;fh <uhf; kPjhd jd; Mf;fpukpg;igAk;> mijj; njhle;j jpUl;LfisAk; epiwNtw;wpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;NghNj> cyf muq;fpy; gphpNjhh; tpthjKk; ele;J nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. mJ mLj;J mnkhpf;fh Vd; <uhid Fwpitf;fpd;wJ vd;gNj!

,g;gb mnkhpf;fh <uhf;>rphpah> vfpg;J vd Mf;fpukpj;Jf; nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk;: K];ypk;fs; xg;ghhp itj;J Xyk; Nghl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;Lkh?

,jw;fhfj;jhdh mth;fs; thOfpd;whh;fs;?

,y;iy! mth;fSf;F tho;tpd; midj;Jj; JiwfSf;Fk; topfhl;ba ,iwtd; ,jw;f;Fk; topfhl;b ,Uf;fpd;whd;.

,jw;f;F tuyhw;wpy; tdg;ghd Njhh; vLj;Jf; fhl;L cz;L.

tuyhw;wpy; ehk; kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfs; vd;gth;fisg; gw;wpf; Nfs;tpgl;bUf;fpd;Nwhk;.

,th;fisg; gw;wp tpbaypYk; mbf;fb Fwpg;gpl;bUf;fpd;Nwhk;.

xU fhy fl;lj;jpy; ,th;fs;> mnkhpf;fh;fisg;Nghy; ,;d;Dk; nrhd;dhy; mnkhpf;fh;fistpl mjpfkhf K];ypk;fisf; Fwpitj;Jj; jhf;fppdhh;fs;> muh[fq;fis fl;ltpo;j;J tpl;lhh;fs; .

K];ypk;fspd; kz;ilNahLfshy; gpukpl;fis vOg;gpdhh;fs; vd;Wk;> K];ypk;fspd; gpz kiyfspd; Nky; epd;W nfhz;L jq;fs; tPuj;ijg; giw rhw;wpdhh;fs; vd;Wk; tuyhW NgRk;.

,th;fs; fp.gp.1258 tUlq;fspy; tho;e;jth;fs;. mjhtJ ,d;wpypUe;J Vwj;jho 750 tUlq;fSf;F Kd;dhy; tho;e;jth;fs;.

,e;jf; fhy; fl;lj;jpy; gf;jhj; ngUk; efuk; cyfpNyNa kpfTk; Kf;fpakhd xU efuk; kl;Lky;y kpfTk; gpugy;akhd efuk;.

cz;ikiar; nrhd;dhy; cyfpy; mwpitj; Njbath;fs; mg;NghJ gf;jhj; Nehf;fp gazk; nra;J nfhz;bUe;jhh;fs;.

tpahghuj;jpy; cah;e;J eph;f;f tpUk;gpath;fs;> cyf kf;fSf;nfy;yhk; jhq;fs; cw;gj;jp nra;j nghUis mwpKfg;gLj;jpl tpUk;gpath;fs; gf;jhj; Nehf;fpg; gazk; nra;jhh;fs;.

cyfpy; kpfTk; juk; tha;e;j ,yf;fpaq;fspd; cw;gj;jp epiyakhf gf;jhj; ,Ue;jJ. ,g;NghJ mnkhpf;fg;gilfs; cs;Ns Eioe;jTld; nra;j Kjy; Ntiy gf;jhjpypUe;j E}y; epiyaq;fisAk;>mUq;fhl;rpafq;fisAk; mopj;jJjhd;.

Jq;fis mwpthspfs; vd;Wk; Vidath;fisf; Fwpg;ghf K];ypk;fis Kl;lhs;fs; vd;Wk; rpj;jhpf;Fk; mnkhpf;f Mf;fpukpg;ghsh;fs; Vd; E}y; epiaq;fisAk;> mUq;fhl;rpafq;fisAk; vhpj;jhh;fs;?

fyP/ghf;fs; thpirapy; mg;gh]pa fyP/ghf;fs; cyf K];ypk;fspd; jiyikia Vw;W elj;jpf; nfhz;bUe;jNghJ mth;fspd; jiyikafkhf gf;jhj; ,Ue;jJ.

fyP/gh `hUd; u\Pj;(u`;)mth;fspd; fhyj;jpy; vy;yh murpay; el tbf;iffSf;Fk; jiyefukhf ,Ue;jJ. gf;jhj; tpQ;Qhd tsh;r;rpapd; ikakhf ,Ue;jJ.

fyP/h `hUd; u\Pj; mth;fspd; fhyfl;lj;ijg; gw;wp ekJ Kjy; gpujkh; [t`h;yhy; NeU mth;fs; ,g;gbf; Fwpg;gpl;lhh;fs;:

''fyP/gh `hUd; u\Pj; mth;fs; fhyj;jpy; fpof;Nf rPd NguurhplkpUe;Jk; Nkw;Nf rhh;yNkd; rf;futh;j;jpaplkpUe;Jk; J}J Nfh\;bfs; mtUila rigapy; te;jpUe;jd. gf;jhJk; mNjNghy; mg;gh]pa fyP/ghf;fypd; Msifapd; fPopUe;j ,ju ,lq;fSk; mg;Nghija INuhg;ghittpl kpfTk; Kd;Ndhp ,Ue;jd.

Ml;rp elj;jpLk; fiy> thzpgk; fy;tpapy; Kd;Ndw;wk; ,tw;wpy; ghf;jhJk; mg;hg]pa fyP/ghf;fspd; Ml;rpapd; fPopUe;j ,ju ,lq;fSk; Kd;dzpapy; epd;wd.

mg;gh]pa fyP/ghf;fspd; fhyj;jpy; ekf;FkpfTk; cw;r;rhfk; jUk; nra;jp vd;dntdpy; tpQ;Qhd tsh;r;rpapy; mth;fs; fhl;ba Mh;tk;.,d;iwa cyfpy; tpQ;Qhdk; vd;gJ kpfg;nghpanjhU tp\ak; vd;gij eP mwptha;. Ehk; mjw;f;F kpfTk; ed;wpf; fld; gl;bUf;fpd;Nwhk;. tpQ;Qhdk; 'Rk;kh" ,Ue;J nfhz;L vy;yhk; N\kkhf elf;f Ntz;Lk; vdg; gpuhh;jpj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;gjpy;iy.vy;yhtw;iwAk; elj;jpf; fhl;LtJ khwhf xt;nthU tp\aKk; Vd; elf;fpd;wJ vd;gijf; fz;Lgpbf;f KidtJ.

md;iwa cyfpy; vfpg;jpyhfl;Lk; rPdhtpyhfl;Lk;>,e;jpahtpyhfl;Lk;> ehk; ,e;j tpQ;Qhd Kiwiaf; fhztpy;iy. gz;ila fphP]py; ,ijr; rpwpJ fhz;fpNwhk;. NuhkGhpapy; ,J G+[;akhapUf;fpd;wJ.Mdhy; mNugpaUf;F ,e;j tpQ;Qhd Muha;r;rp czh;T ,Ue;jJ.""MfNt mth;fis jw;fhy tpQ;Qhdj;jpd; je;ijah; vdf; $wyhk;.

ghf;jhj; efUk;> `hUd; my; u\pJk; vd;w mj;jpahak;(50)NeU jd; kfs; ,e;jpuhTf;F vOjpa fbjj;jpy;:

ngUik kpF ,e;jg; ghf;jhjpy; jhd’ cyf gpurpj;jpg;ngw;w Mrhj; kUj;Jtkid ,Ue;jJ. kUj;Jt Kiwia mjpy; rpfpr;ir Kiwia cyfpy; K];ypk;fs; KiwgLj;jpf;nfhz;bUe;j fhyk;. MJ ,e;j Mrhj; kUj;Jtkid midj;J trjpfisAk; nfhz;ljhf mike;jJ. Kiwahd Fspayiuia mikj;J topfhl;ba ngUik ,e;j Mrhj; kUj;Jtkidf;Fr; rhUk;. ,e;jf; Fopayiuf;Fj;jhd; '`khk;"vd;W ngah;. '`khk;" vd;w nrhy;Yf;F midj;J trjpfisAk; nfhz;l muGf;fspd; Fspayiw vd;w nghUs;.,g;gbj;jhd; ,d;iwf;fpUf;Fk; mfuhjpfs; $l tpsf;fk; nrhy;fpd;wd.

,g;gb midj;jpw;f;Fk; Kd;Ndhbahfepd;w ghf;jhj; kf;fs;>(K];ypk;fs;) te;j tsj;jhy; tho;e;jJ Nghjhnjd;W CoypYk; Cjhhpj;jdj;jpYk; mbnaLj;J itj;jhh;fs;. muz;kid fhtyh;fspypUe;J midj;Jj; jug;ghUk; mbj;j nfhs;isf;F mstpy;iy.

(Glimpses of World History.Page 151.Oxford University Press.12 Mk; gjpg;G 1997)

xU rhjhuz muz;kizf; fhtyd; vg;gb xU cy;yhrGhpia mikj;J tho;e;jhd; vd;gij mwpQh; myPkpahd; mth;fs; ,g;gbf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh;fs;:

'',];yhj;jpd; efuk; vdf; fUjg;gl;l ghf;jhj;jpy;> fyP/ghtpd; ,Ug;gplk; <uhdpah;fs;> igrhe;jpah;fs; ,th;fsplkpUe;j Cjhhpj;jdj;ijAk; tpQ;rp epw;fpwJ. rikay; nra;j czit ghpkhhpLk; rhjhuz Ntiyiar; nra;jth;fs; $l nry;tr;nrypg;gpy; fspj;Jf;fple;jhh;fs;. jiu Jilg;gth;fs; muz;kidf;Fs; mbikahf Eioe;jth;fs;jhk; Mdhy;. Mth;fs; cg;ghpiffisf; fl;b xa;ahukha; tho;e;jhh;fs;.

myhTj;jPd; jg;Nurp my; [`hhp vd;w mbikia Mapuk; jPdhh; nfhLj;J thq;fpdhh; fyP/gh [h`ph; mth;fs;.

Mdhy; ,th; muR gzpapy; Coy; nra;J Mz;LNjhUk; Nrh;j;j nrhj;jpd; kjpg;G %thapuk; jph;`k;. gf;jhjpy; ,th; fl;ba tPL Cuhh; tha; gpse;J> tpae;J epd;W ghh;f;Fk; msTf;F kpfTk; gpukpf;fjf;fjhf ,Ue;jJ. K[h`pj;jPd; ma;gf; my; ryh mg;Jy; fdp vd;w ngah;fisf; nfhz;l muz;kid gzpahl;fs; jhq;fs; tho;e;j juzp eLq;Fk; Mlk;gu tho;thy; tuyhw;wpy; jq;fs; ngah;fisg; gjpj;Jf; nfhz;lhh;fs;.

,g;gb Mlk;guj;jpy; Cjhhpj;jdj;jpy; Chpf;fple;j ,th;fs; ve;jf; fy;tp mwpTk; ,y;yhjth;fs; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. mNj Neuj;jpy; gf;jhjpypUe;J kpf;g;nghhpa fy;tp ePWtdkhd kju]j;Jy; K];jhd; rhhpahtpd; Mrphpah;fSf;F gpr;irf; fhRfs;jhk; rk;gskhfj; jug;gl;ld. fyP/ghtpd; muz;kidia Rj;jk; nra;gtd; Ie;jhapuk; jPdhh;fis rk;gskhfg; ngw;Wf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; NghJ ,th;fs; ahrfh;fisg;Nghy; tho;e;J nfhz;bUe;jhh;fs;.

kd;dh; fyP/gh Kb#ba ehs;> gpwe;jehs; ,itnay;yhk; jq;fs; Cjhhpj;jdj;ijAk; cy;yhr tho;itAk; Cuf;nfy;yhk; mwptpf;ff; fpilj;j nghd;dhd tha;g;Gfshff; fUjpdhh;fs;: Ml;rpapypUe;Njhk; mbkl;lj;J kf;fSk;. nghd;id jz;zPuha; jhiu thh;j;J fspj;Jf; fple;jhh;fs;.

,g;gb cy;yhrj;jpy; kjp kaq;fp epd;w fyP/ghTf;F> fmghTf;fhd Nkyhilia mDg;gf;$l epidg;Gk; NeuKkpy;iy. fh/ghNt 21 ehl;fs; jpiuapd;wp fple;jJ.

,g;gb K];ypk;fs; jq;fis kw;eJ my;yh`;tpd; mofpa topfhl;Ljy;fis kwe;J tho;e;J nfhz;bUe;j NghJjhd;> fpof;Nf kq;Nfhypah;fs; jq;fs; rhk;uh[;aj;ijf; fl;b naOg;gpf; nfhz;bUe;jhh;fs;. kq;Nfhypah;fis nrq;fp];fhd; vd;w khtPud; top elj;jpte;jhd;. ,th;fSf;Fj; jhh;jhhpfs; vd;nwhU ngaUk; cz;L.

,e;j kq;NfhypahtpypUe;J xU tpahghuf;$l;lk;> kq;Nfhypahit mLj;jpUe;j '`thhp[k;" vd;w ,lj;jpw;f;F te;jJ. ,e;j kq;Nfhypa tpahghuf; $l;lj;ij csT ghh;f;f te;jth;fs; vdf; fUjpf; nfhz;lhh;fs; `thhp[k; vd;w gFjpia Mz;l '`thhp[k;\h" vd;w K`k;kj; \h.

kq;Nfhypah;fs; mg;NghJjhd; jq;fs; rhk;uh[;aj;ij nky;y nky;y tphpthf;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jhh;fs;. ,jdhy;jhd; tpahghhpfs; Nfhyj;jpy; te;jth;fs; csT ghh;f;f te;jth;fs;jhk; vdf; fUjpf; nfhz;lhh; '`thhp[k; \h" mth;fisg; gpbj;J nfhiy nra;Jtpl;lhh;.

Vd; vq;fs; tpahghhpfisg; gpbj;J nfhiynra;jPh;fs; vd tprhhpj;Jtu ,d;ndhU FOit mDg;gpdhh;fs; kq;Nfhypah;fs;. me;jf; FOTf;Fk; kuz jz;lid toq;fptpl;lhh; `thhp[k; \h.

,q;Nf gphpNjhh; cz;ikiaAk; ehk; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. tuyhw;W Mrphpah;fs; ahUk; `hthhp[k; \h xU nfhLq;nfhyd; vdr; nrhy;ytpy;iy mth; kpfTk; ey;yth;>gagf;jp kpf;fth;> rpwe;j Nghh; tPuh;. mth;fsplk; Fiwaff; fhzg;gl;J mth; mf;fk;gf;fj;J K];ypk; Ml;rpahsh;fisAk; gilnaLj;Jr; nrd;W ntd;whh;. jdf;nfd xU ngUk; rhk;uh[;aj;ij cUthf;fp itj;jpUe;jhh;.

tpsf;fk; Nfl;fg; Nghdth;fSk; kuz jz;lidf;F cs;shf;fg; gl;L tpl;lhh;fs; vd;w nra;jpahy; Mj;jpu kile;jhh;fs; kq;Nfhypah;fs;. K];ypk;fisj; jhf;fpl Gnaydg; Gwg;gl;lhh;fs;. Gw;g;gLk; NghJ nrq;fp];fhd; ,g;gbf; $wpdhuhk;:

''xU thdj;jpy; ,uz;L #hpad; ,Uf;f KbahJ. G+kpapy; ,uz;L fhd;fs; ,Uf;f KbahJ.""

Kjypy; kq;NfhypahTf;F gf;fj;J K];ypk; gFjpahd 'Gf;fhuh" vd;w gFjp mth;fspd; iffspy; rpf;fpaJ. Mq;Nf tho;e;J nfhz;bUe;j K];ypk;fs; midtiuAk; nfhd;whh;fs;.

ngz;fs;> Foe;ijfs;> tNahjpfh;fs; vd;W ahiuAk; tpl;Litf;fhky; thSf;F ,iuahf;fpdhh;fs;. rkh;fz;l; mth;fspd; gha;r;rypy; g];gkhdJ. mj;jid Fbkf;fSk; nfhiy nra;ag;gl;lhh;fs;.

'uh`h" vd;w nj`;uhd;(<uhd;) gf;fj;J G+kpA '`kjhd;" (,J md;iwa ghurPfj;jpd; vy;kz;l; kiyf;Fg; gf;fj;jpy; cs;sJ) ']d;[hd;" (tlf;F ghurPfk;) Mfpa gFjpfspYk; Gfe;jhh;fs;. midtiuAk; nfhd;whh;fs;.

`thhp[k; K`k;kj; \h md;iwa thdpy; XU #hpad; vd nrq;fp];fhdhy; th;zpf;fg;gl;l mth; jd; Ml;rpapd; fPopUe;j epyg;gFjpfis tpl;Ltpl;L Xbdhh;.

fh];gpad; fly;fle;J Xhplj;jpy; jdpikg;gl;L neQ;rk; cile;J nkj;jf; ftiyNahL kuzkile;jhh;. `thhp[k; \hit thq;fpaNjhL mth;fs; jq;fs; F&uq;fSf;F Xh; KbTfl;b ,Uf;fyhk;.

Mdhy; mth;fs; jq;fs; nfhiy ntwpj;jhf;Fjy;fisj; njhlh;e;jhh;fs;.

mj;NjhL epy;yhky; Ff;fpuhkq;fspYk; GFe;J Vjkwpahj kf;fisAk; nfhd;W Ftpj;jhh;fs;.

mth;fSila mepahaKk; ml;LopaKk; midj;J vy;iyfSf;Fk; gutpw;W.mf;fk; gf;fj;J epyg;gug;GfspYk; gha;e;jhh;fs;.

ehLfisg; gpbg;gth;fs; mjid Ml;rpnra;thh;fs;. mikjpahf tho tpUk;Gk; kf;fSf;F mDkjp jUthh;fs;. Kbe;jhy; ghJfhg;G toq;Fthh;fs; ghpghypg;ghh;fs;.

Mdhy;> kq;Nfhypah;fNsh ntd;wth;fisf; nfhd;W mth;fspd; ,uj;jj;jpy; fhy; eiya ele;J nrd;whh;fs;.

<tpuf;fkw;w ,th;fspd; ths;fs; midj;Jj; jug;G kf;fspd; fOj;Jf;fisAk; gjk; ghh;j;jJ.

,th;fs; jhf;fpa NtfKk; F&uKk; mtw;iwg; ghh;j;jth;fis kl;Lky;y> Nfl;gth;fis Ak; ,d;Dk; mtw;iwg; gbg;gth;fisAk; gjwr; nra;jpLk;.

kq;Nfhypah;fs; vd;w nrhw;fisr; nrtpkLj;Njhh; kjp kaq;fpsh;. me;j msTf;F F&uk; epiwe;jdtha; ,Ue;jd mth;fsJ nfhiyAk; ntwpAk;.

mywpj;Jbj;jhh;fs; K];ypk;fs; kq;Nfhypah;fspd; ngaiuf; Nfl;TlNdNa!

Ve;j msTf;F K];ypk;fs; muz;L NghapUe;jhh;fs; vd;gij mwpTUj;j xU rpW epfo;r;rpia ,q;Nf Fwpg;gpLfpd;Nwhk;.

Kq;Nfhypad; xUtd; K];ypk; tPl;;Lf;Fs GFe;jhd;;.cs;Ns ,Ue;jth;fis nfhd;whd;. me;j tPl;il Koikahff; nfhs;isabj;jhd;. nfhs;isabj;jtw;iw %l;il fl;bdhd;. XU K];ypik ifjpahfTk; mioj;Jr; nrd;whd;. ,g;gb ntl;Lz;L ,we;j K];ypk;fspy; ahUk; me;j kq;Nfhypaid vjph;f;f Kd; tutpy;iy.

,j;jidAk; ele;J Kbe;j gpd;dh;jhd; ifjhd K];ypkpw;F xU cz;ik njhpate;jJ.

mJ. mq;Nf te;J mj;jid mlhtbj;jdq;fis nra;Jtpl;Lj; jpUk;gpaJ kq;Nfhypa Mz; my;y Mz;Ntlk; G+z;l kq;Nfhypag; ngz; vd;gNj!

(Mjhuk;: Saviours of Islamic Sprit. By Abul Hasan Nadwi pp 288/289)

,g;gb K];ypk;fs; kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfs; vd;w nrhy;iyf; Nfl;lTlNdNa Fiy eLq;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jhh;fs;.

jhq;fs; Nkw;nfhz;l jhf;Fjypd; Ntfk;> F&uk; ,tw;why; kq;Nfhypah;fs; nty;y Kbahjth;fs; vd;w ngaiug; ngw;whh;fs;.

,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;bd; ,idaw;w ,];yhkpa rpe;jidahsh; myP kpahd;(mGy; `]d; myP)mth;fs; ,e;j kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfisg; gw;wp vOJk;NghJ> ''me;j mepahaj;jpw;f;F jhh;jhhpfs; nja;t jz;lid vd;Nw jiyg;gpl;bUf;fpd;whh;fs;."" nrq;fp];fhd; jd;id ,g;gbj; jd;thahy; mwpKfg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;thdhk;.

,e;j kq;Nfhypah;fisg; gw;wp vOjpLk;NghJ ekJ Kjy; gpujkh; gz;bj NeU mth;fs; ,g;gbf; Fwpg;gpl;hh;fs;:

''nrq;fp];fhd;> kq;Nfhypad; G+kpia mjpur; nra;jtd;.""

''Chengiz Khan, the Mongal Shaker of the Earth "" vd;W Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh;.

gpe;ija ,yf;fpa cyfpy; nrq;fp]; fyhr;rhuk; vd;w nrhy; nraypy; te;jJ. mjd; nghUs; nfhiy> nfh^uk;> ntwpj;jdk; vd;whdJ.

(History of Islam by Prof Masudul Hasan, Vol II )

,g;gb kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfs; nfhLikfis mnkhpf;f mstpy; md;iwa K];ypk;fs; Nky; md;W fl;ltpo;j;J tpl;lhh;fs;.

rpy tuyhw;whrphpah;fs; kq;Nfhypah;fisg; gw;wp vOJk;NghJ>

''The Invincibility of Mongol Tartas""

''kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfspd; nty;y Kbahik"" vd;Nw vOJfpd;whh;fs;.

Z

kq;Nfhypah;fspd; ,uz;lhk; fl;lg;Nghh;

kq;Nfhypah;fs; xt;nthU ,lkhf ntd;W ,g;NghJ jq;fs; ghh;itia gf;jhjpd; kPJ gha;r;rpdhh;fs;.

''kq;Nfhypah;fis ahNuDk; ntd;Wtpl;lhh;fs; vd;W ek;gNtz;lhk;"" vd;W nghUs;gLk; mugp go nkhop xd;Wk; Gof;fj;jpy; te;jjhk;.

,e;j msTf;F kq;Nfhypah;fs; nty;y Kbahjth;fs; vd;w gl;lj;jpw;Fk; ghuhl;bw;Fk; chpth;fshf ,Ue;jhh;fs; kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfs;.

Gf;fhhp>

`thhp[k;>

rkh;fz;l;>

uh`h>

`kjhd;>

]d;[hd;>

f];tpd;(ghurPfj;jpYs;s xU gl;lzk;)

khh;g;(ghurPfj;jpy; 'Kh;fg;" vd;w ejpf;fiuapYs;s xU gl;lzk;)

ep\hg;G+h; (Guh\hd; vd;w M/g;fhdp];jhdpYs;s kpfTk; Kf;fpakhd gl;lzk;)

,g;gb xt;nthU ,lkhf ntw;wp nfhz;Lte;jhh;fs; kq;Nfhypah;fs; vd;w jhh;jhhpfs;.

cz;ikiar; nrhd;dhy; xt;nthU ,lkhf jq;fs; ntwpia ntspg;gLj;jp> K];ypk;fis <tpuf;fkpd;wp nfhd;W te;jhh;fs;.

,g;NghJ mth;fspd; ghh;it ghf;jhjpd; Nky; gha;e;jJ. ghf;jhj; kPJ ,th;fspd; ghh;it tPo;e;j NghJ gf;jhj; nry;tr; nropg;gpy; jpisj;Jf; fple;jJ.

my;yh`;it kwe;j Ml;lq;fSk; tpuaq;fSk; mth;fis Ml;bf; nfhz;bUe;jd.

gf;jhjpd; ghJfhg;Gfis gw;wp ahUk; ftiyg;gltpy;iy. ghtk; mh;fSf;F kfpo;e;jpUf;fNt Neuk; Nghjtpy;iy. ,e;epiyapy; mth;fSf;F NghuhLk; kdKkpy;iy.

gpwe;j ehs;> ngU ehs; vd;W jq;fs; Mlk;guj;ij filtphpf;f jUzk; ghh;j;Jf;fple;jhh;fs; ngUehs;fspy; Ch;tyq;fs;. me;j Ch;tyq;fspy; tUk; fspg;ghl;lq;fnsy;yhk; Kbe;jpl khiy Neuk; MfptpLkhk;. me;jp tha;e;j gpd; ngUehs; njhOifia njhOthh;fshk;.

'fyP/gh" gjtp Vw;w ehs;> mth;fSf;F Foe;ij gpwe;j ehs; vd;W ehs;fis fhj;jpUe;J fzpj;J fopj;Jfple;jhh;fs;.

mf;fk; gf;fj;J ehLfis-my;yJ K];ypk;fspd; Ml;rpad; fPopUe;j epyg;gug;Gf;fis kq;Nfhypa Kul;Lg;gil> fhy;fspy; Nghl;L kpjpj;J nfhz;L tUtijNah- mth;fshy; tutpUf;Fk; Mgj;Jf;fisNah ,th;fshy; fzpj;jpl ,aytpy;iy.

,jdhy; gf;jhjpypUe;j Ml;rpahsh;fs; gf;jhjpd; ghJfhg;Gf;fisf; fz;Lnfhs;sNt ,y;iy.

kq;Nfhypag;gilfs; gf;jhjpDs; ve;jr; rpukKkpd;wp GFe;jd.

kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfs; mjhtJ nty;y Kbahjth;fs; vdg; Nghw;wg;gLNthh; gf;jhij Nehf;fpg; gha;fpd;whh;fs; vd;w nra;jpia Nfl;Nl mywp Jbj;jhh;fs; gf;jhj; K];ypk;fs;.

Nrh;j;J itj;jpUf;Fk; ,y;iy Ftpj;J itj;jpUf;Fk; nry;tq;fis mDgtpf;f mtfhrkpy;yhky; Ngha;tpLNkh vd Mjq;fg;gl;lhh;fs;> Mj;jpug;gl;lhh;fs;.

Gf;jhjpw;Fs; kq;Nfhypag; gilfs; GFe;J tpl;lhh;fs; vd;w nra;jp Nfs;tpg;gl;lJk;> gf;jhjpy; tho;e;j kf;fs; tprpj;jpukhdNjhh; top Kiwia ifahd;lhh;fs;. jq;fs; ififspypUe;j Kf;Jf;isAk; gtyq;fisAk; tpOq;fptpl;lhh;fs;.

jhh;jhhpfs; cs;Ns GFe;J <tpuf;fkpd;wp nfhiyfis nra;jhh;fs; mth;fSf;Fg; ghf;jhj; kf;fs; jhq;fs; itj;jpUe;j tpiyAah;e;j nghUs;fis tpOq;fp tpl;lhh;fs; vd;w nra;jp njhpe;jJ.

,jdhy; K];ypk;fisf; nfhiy nra;Ak;NghJ K]ypk;fspd; tapw;wpd; kPJ jhd; Kjy; jhf;Fjiy elj;jpdhh;fs;. taoW fpope;jNghJ mjpy; ,Ue;j Kj;Jf;fSk; gtsq;fSk; ntspNa te;jdthk;.

Gf;jhjpy; mg;NghJ 20 yl;rk; K];ypk;fs; tho;e;jpUf;fpd;whh;fs;. ,th;fspy; Mz;fs;>ngz;fs;>Foe;ijfs;> cl;gl ahiuAk; tpl;Litf;fhky; mj;jid NgiuAk; nfhd;W Ftpj;jhh;fs; jhh;jhhpfs;.

jhh;jhhpfs; ,g;gbf; nfhiyfisr; nra;jhYk; 'fyP/gh"it neUq;f mQ;rpdhh;fs;. fhuzk; mth;fspilNa Xh; ek;gpf;if elg;gpypUe;jJ.

me;j ek;gpf;if...

fyP/gh" tpd; ,uj;jk; Xl;lg; ngw;why; Xl;Lgth;fs; kPJ(mjhtJ jhh;jhhpf;s kPJ) ,iwtdpd; rhgkpwq;Fk;.

,e;j ek;gpf;ifahy; mth;fs; fyP/ghtpd; ,uj;jj;ij Xl;l mQ;rpdhh;fs;. mNj Neuj;jpy; fyP/ghit capNuhL tplTk; mth;fSf;F tpUg;gkpy;iy.

gy ehl;fs; Mnyhrid nra;jhh;fs; gpwF fyP/ghtpd; ,uj;jj;ij Xl;lhky; jPh;j;JtpLtJ vd KbT nra;jhh;fs;.

mjw;Nfhh; Gjpa cj;jpia ifahd;lhh;fs;.

me;j Af;jp>

fyP/gh tho;e;j gq;fshtpypUe;J tpiyAah;e;j jiutphpg;ig nfhz;L fyP/ghit Nghh;j;jpLtJ vd;gJ!gpd;dh; me;j jiutphpg;gpd; Nky; mOj;jk; nfhLj;J nfhz;UtpLtJ vd KbT nra;jhh;fs;.

,jw;fpilapy; ifjpahf ,Ue;j fyP/ghTf;F czTg; nghUs;fis mDg;gp itj;jhh;fs;. mq;Nf czT nghUs;fshf mzptFj;jtw;wpy; cz;Zk; jFjpapy; vJTkpy;iy.

K];ypk;fs; ve;jg; nghUs;fis jq;fSila ghJfhg;igtpl nghpajhff; fUjpdhh;fNsh me;jg; nghUl;fisNa Xh; nghw;jl;by; itj;J fyP/ghTf;F mDg;gpdhh;fs;.

fyP/gh Nfl;lhh;>

''vd;d? grpj;J epw;Fk; ifjpf;F ,g;gbnahU jl;il mDg;gp ,Uf;fpd;wPh;fNs"" vd;W

,jw;f;F ,g;gb gjpy; nrhd;dhh; kq;Nfhypaj; jsgjp `{Yf;.

''Mkhk;! ePq;fs; cq;fs; ghJfhg;igtpl ,itjhNd Kf;fpak; vdf; fUjpdPh;fs;. mtw;iwNa cz;Zq;fs; cq;fs; ghJfhg;ig tpl gsgsf;Fk; ,itjhNd cq;fSf;F Kf;fpak; Vd; mtw;iw ehd; je;jhy; KfQ;Rspf;fpd;wPh;.""

,g;gb cyiff; fl;b gpbj;J tho;e;jij mth;fSf;Fr; Rl;bf; fhl;btpl;L jpl;lkpl;lgbNa muz;kid fhh;ngl;by; mofha; Rul;b capiug; Nghf;fpdhh;fs; kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfs;.

mLj;J kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfspd; ghh;itapy; vfpg;J tPo;e;jJ.

mg;ghrpa fyP/ghf;fspd; ,Ug;gplkhd ghf;jhij ge;jhbagpd; 'nfa;Nuh" itg;gw;wpr; rpe;jpf;fj; jiyg;gl;lhh;fs; jhh;jhhpfs;.

mjw;Fs; rphpah>N[hh;lhd; Nghd;w gFjpfSk; mth;fspd; fz;rpkpl;lYf;F Mshfpd.

Kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfs; mLj;Jj; jq;fs; jhf;Fjiy vq;Nf elj;jyhk; vd;gij Fwpj;J Mnyhrpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;whh;fs;.

RUq;fr nrhd;dhy;> ,g;NghJ mnkhpf;fhitg;Nghy; mg;NghJ kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfs; K];ypk; cyif mr;RUj;jpf; nfhz;bUe;jhh;fs;.

,g;NghJ mnkhpf;fg; gilfs; Foe;ijfs;> ngz;fs;>tNahjpfh;fs;> gy;fiyf; fyfq;fs;> g;s;spf;$lq;fs;;> E}y; epiyaq;fs;>kUj;Jtkidfs;> kUe;Jfisj; jahhpf;Fk; njhopw;rhiyfs; ,tw;iwnay;yhk; xl;L nkhj;jkhf mopj;J tUfpd;wd.

,Nj Nghy;jhd; md;W kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfs; K];ypk;fs;>K];ypk;fs; eph;khdpj;J itj;jpUe;j fy;tpf;$lq;fs;> mUq;fhl;rpepiyaq;fs;> tpiykjpg;gw;w E}y; epiyaq;fs;> ,];yhkpa fiyfisg; giwrhw;Wk; fl;llq;fs; midj;ijAk; ,bj;jhh;fs; jiukl;lkhf;fpdhh;fs;.

mnkhpf;fh;fs; Nfhbf;fzf;fhd 'ld;" vilAs;s Fz;Lfisg; Nghl;L mj;jidiaAk; mopj;jhh;fs;.

kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfs; K];ypk;fis ths;> <l;b Nghd;wtw;iwf; nfhz;L nfhiy nra;jhh;fs;. nrhj;Jf;fisAk; epWtdq;fisAk; neUg;gpl;Lf; nfhSj;jpdhh;fs;.

,d;W vg;gb ve;jf; fhuzKkpy;yhky; mLj;J rphpah>mLj;J <uhd; vd;W mnkhpf;fh gl;bay; jahhpf;fpd;wNjh mNj Nghy;jhd; kq;Nfhypah;fSk; Gf;fhuhtpypUe;J njhlq;fp gf;jhj;> lkh];f];(rphpahtpd jiyefh;) nfa;Nuh(vfpg;jpd; jiyefh;) vd;W jd; gl;baiy ePl;bf; nfhz;Nl nrd;whh;fs;.

,d;iwf;F mnkhpf;fhtpd; ml;^opaq;fisAk;> mJ fl;ltpo;j;JtpLk; jPtputhjq;fisAk; jLf;f KbahJ vd;Wk; mnkhpf;fh nty;yNt Kbahj rf;jp vd;Wk; cyf K];ypk;fSk; K];ypk; ehLfSk; epidf;fpd;wd!

,NjNghy;jhd; md;W kq;Nfhypah;fis jLf;fTk; KbahJ nty;yTk; KbahJ vd;W md;iwa K];ypk;fs; epidj;jhh;fs;. K];ypk; epyg;gug;Gfis Ml;rp nra;J nfhz;bUe;j K];ypk; Ml;rpahsh;fs; epidj;jhh;fs;.epiyFiye;jhh;fs;.

,d;W cyf kf;fs; midtUk; mnkhpf;fhTf;F vjpuhf jq;fs; mjpUg;jpia njhptpj;jhh;fs;. (/ghrpr rpe;jid nfhz;l xU rpW $l;lk; tpjptpyf;F) mjdhy; tpise;j gyDk; xd;Wkpy;iy. mnkhpf;fh jhd; jhf;fpl epidj;jtw;iwnay;yhk; jhf;fpf; nfhz;Nl ,Uf;fpd;wJ.

md;W cyf kf;fs; fUj;ij xd;wha; kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfSf;nfjpuhfj; jpUg;gpl vJTkpy;iy.,d;iwf;fpUg;ijg;Nghy; md;iwf;F Clfq;fspy;iy. mg;gb ,Ue;jhy; $l mjdhy; tpisAk; gad; vJTkpy;iy.

,d;iwf;fpUg;ijg;Nghy; md;iwf;Nfhh; I.eh.vd;w cyf mikjp fhf;Fk; mit xd;W ,y;iyjhd;. Mdhy; I.eh. thy; tpisAk; gyd; jhd; vd;d? I.eh. mnkhpf;fhtpd; ifg;ghitahf mkh;e;J K];ypk;fis mepahaj;jpw;Fs;shf;fpf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ.

md;W mepahaq;fis vjph;f;Fk; xNu nzpahf K];ypk;fs; kl;Le;jhd; ,Ue;jhh;fs;. Mdhy; mth;fNs me;jf flikia kwe;J jhh;jhhpfspd; iffspy; mopitr; re;jpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhh;fs;.

kq;Nfhypah;fs; ve;jg;gf;fk; mLj;Jj; njhluyhk; vd vz;zp Kbj;J.mypg;Nghitj; jhf;fpdhh;fs;.mLj;J lk];f]; Nehf;fpg; gha;e;jhh;fs;. mq;Nf K];ypk;fis nfhiy nra;jhh;fs;.lk];f]py; tho;e;j fpUj;jth;fs; mth;fis tuNtw;whh;fs;.

,g;NghJ mwpTs;s vtUk; jhNd mwpthh;fs; kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfspd; mLj;j jhf;Fjy; vfpg;ij Nehf;fpj; jhd; ,Uf;Fk; vd;gij.

,e;epiyapy; kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfs; <tpuf;fkw;w kdpj gpz;lq;fshfNt khwp fhl;Nlhpfsha; fhl;rpj;je;jhh;fs;.

mth;fspd; mg;Nghija %h;f;fj;jdj;ij tuyhW ,g;gb gjpT nra;fpd;wJ.

''vtiug; gw;wpa mr;rKk; mth;fSf;fpy;iy.ve;j Mw;wYk; mth;fisj; jLf;fNth> jhf;fNth KbahJ.""

'',uf;fk; fhl;Lq;fs; vd ahh; vLj;J itf;Fk; gpuhh;j;jidAk;> mth;fspd; neQ;ir ,sfr; nra;jplhJ.""

Ry;jhd; khypFy; K];/gh; nra;GjPd;(u`;) mth;fs; jhk; mg;NghJ vfpg;ij Ml;rp nra;J te;jhh;fs;. jpdKk; mth;fs; jtwhJ jpUf;Fh;Mid Xjp te;jhh;fs;.

me;jj; jpUf;Fh;MdpypUe;Nj vjph;tutpUf;Fk; kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpf;spd; vjph;g;ig rkhspf;Fk; cj;jpiaAk; fz;nlLj;jhh;fs;.

vjph;tUk; me;jg; Nguhgj;ij vg;gb vjph;nfhs;tJ vd;w tpdhTf;F my;yh`; ,g;gb topfhl;bdhd;:

''ePq;fs; nrhw;g(khd Nghh;jsthl)q;fisf; nfhz;bUe;jhYk;!epiwa(g; Nghh; jsthlq;fisf;) nfhz;bUe;jhYk; rhp> ePq;fs; Gwg;gl;L>cq;fs; nghUl;fisAk; caph;fisAk; nfhz;L my;yh`;tpd; ghijapy; mwg;Nghh; GhpAq;fs;. ePq;fs; mwpe;jth;fshf ,Ue;jhy; ,JNt cq;fSf;F kpfTk; ey;yJ.""

(mj;njsgh 9:41)

cyfpy; mepahaq;fis Ntbf;ifahfTk; mijNa thbf;ifahfTk; nfhz;lth;fspd; iffisj; jLj;J G+kpapy; Fog;gj;ij Kw;whf xopj;J my;yh`;tpd; thf;if NkNyhq;fr; nra;j tuyhW ,JNghd;w ,iwkiw trdq;fSf;F ;Vwhskhf cz;L.

,];yhkpa tuyhw;wpy; ,J Nghd;w trdq;fshy; Cf;fKk; cw;rhfKk; ngw;W tuyhW gilj;jth;fs; tuhywhf itaj;jpy; tho;fpd;whh;fs;. kWikapy; gilj;jtdplk; kNfhd;dj $ypfisg; ngw;W epue;ju tho;it tsj;ij Ritf;fpd;whh;fs;.

Mk;! mg;gbnahU tuyhw;iwg; gilj;jhh; vfpg;jpd; Ml;rpahsh; Ry;jhd; khypFy; K];/gh; nra;GjPd;(u`;) mth;fs;.

jd;Dila giltPuh;fsplk; ,iwtdpd; top fhl;Ljiy czh;j;jpdhh;fs;.

''<khd; nfhz;lth;fNs! my;yh`;tpd; ghijapy; (NghUf;Fg; Gwg;gl;Lr;) nry;Yq;fs; vd;W cq;fSf;F $wg;gl;lhy;>ePq;fs; G+kpapd; gf;fk; rha;e;J tpLfpd;wPh;fNs! cq;fSf;F vd;d Neh;e;J tpl;lJ? kWikiatpl ,t;Tyf tho;f;ifiaf; nfhz;Nl ePq;fs; jpU;jpaile;J tpLfpd;wPh;fsh? kWik(apd; tho;f;iff;F)Kd;G ,t;Tyf tho;f;ifapd; ,d;gk; kpfTk; mw;gkhdJ."" (my;Fh;Md; 9:38)

kq;Nfhypah;fshk;> mth;fSf;Fj; jhh;jhhpfs; vd;W kw;nwhU ngauhk;. TUthh;fshk; nty;thh;fshk;>mth;fspd; thSf;F ,iwahfpNa Mf Ntz;Lkhk;.

Mth;fs; tuTk; Ntz;lhk;> mth;fspd; thSf;F Ntiy nfa;Nuhtpy; Ntz;lhk;.nry;Nthk; mth;fis mth;fspd; KfhkpNyNa re;jpg;Nghk;> nty;Nthk; my;yJ tPu kuzj;ij milNthk; vdg; Gwg;gl;lhh;fs;.

,g;NghJ rphpahit rpd;dgpd;dg; gLj;jptpl;L> /gy];jPdpYs;s ehrNuj;jpw;f;F gf;fj;jpYs;s 'ma;d; [Y}j;" jpy; kq;Nfhypah;fs; ghriw ,wf;fp ,Ue;jhh;fs;. mth;fis mq;Nf itj;J vfpg;jpa K];ypk; gilfs; re;jpj;jd.

,iwkiw tdq;fs; je;j gyk; mjdhy; ,ay;ghf vOe;j Ntfk;> mjdhy; te;j mjpubj; jhf;Fjy; ,tw;why; epiy Fiye;jhh;fs; kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfs;.

MJtiu mth;fs; mg;gbnahU jhf;Fjiy re;jpj;jNj ,y;iy.

gpd;dq;fhy; gplhpapy; gl Xbdhh;fs;. jhq;fs; fl;ltpo;j;Jtpl;l mlhtbfs; mtw;wpy; mbj;j nfhs;isfs; mtw;wpy; Nrh;j;j nghUl;fs; ,tw;iwnay;yhk; Nghl;Ltpl;L capUf;Fg; gae;J Xbdhh;fs;.

Xbdhh;fs;> Xbdhh;fs; XLk; jpir njhpahky; Xbdhh;fs;>Xlk; topnay;yhk; K];ypk;fspd; tPuj;ijg; giw rhw;wpf; nfhz;Nl Xbdhh;fs;.

Mq;fhq;Nf jq;fpapUe;j mw;g nrhw;g kq;Nfhypah;fSk; capUf;Fg; gae;J Xbdhh;fs;.

tuyhw;wpy; md;W tPo;e;j kq;Nfhypa kfpik kPz;Lk; voNt ,y;iy.

mth;fspy; mgUk;ghyhNdhh; ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhh;fs;.

mjd; gpwF kq;Nfhypa jhh;jhhpfshf jq;fs; this Row;wtpy;iy mth;fs;. <khd; nfhz;l K];ypk;fshf ePjpf;fhfTk;> mePjpfis mopj;njhopf;fTNk jq;fs; this Row;wpdhh;fs;.

mth;fis Xhplj;jpy; ntd;Nwhk;> Xuhapuk; ,lj;jpy; ,];yhk; mth;fisj;jd; tag;gLj;jpw;W.